Deck 2: Innate Immunity

Question 1

Which of the following are innate immune components that create a hostile environment for bacteria on the skin?

A) Mucus and cilia
B) Bile salts and pH
C) Sweat and sebum
D) Normal flora and pH

Answer 1

Sweat and sebum

Question 2

Nitric oxide (NO) produced by phagocytes is cytotoxic to pathogens by inhibiting pathogen:
I- DNA synthesis
II- Mitochondrial respiration
III- Cell wall synthesis

A) I only
B) III only
C) I and II
D) II and III
E) I, II, and III

Answer 2

I and II

Question 3

The main immune component mediating septic shock is:

A) TNF-a
B) Defensins
C) Complement
D) Interleukin-10 (IL-10)

Answer 3

TNF-a

Question 4

Which of the following acute phase reactants can reduce levels of nutritional iron available for bacterial uptake?
I. Haptoglobin
II. Ceruloplasmin
III. C-reactive protein (CRP)

A) I only
B) III only
C) I and II
D) II and III
E) I, II, and III

Question 5

Activation of a phagocyte by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) bound to a pathogen triggers what innate immune response?

A) Phagocytosis
B) Complement activation
C) Cathelicidin production
D) Decrease in body temperature

Question 6

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) activate the adaptive immune system by stimulating production of:

A) Interleukin-1 (IL-1)
B) Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
C) Interleukin-12 (IL-12)
D) Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a)

Question 7

Which are the molecules that are common to many pathogens and are recognized by phagocytes and other innate immune cells?

A) PAMPs
B) Complement
C) Toll-like receptors
D) Mannose-binding lectin

Question 8

Where are antimicrobial cryptocidins produced?

A) Skin
B) Liver
C) GI tract
D) Neutrophils

Question 9

Binding of a pathogen to Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on phagocytes causes the release of cytokines that activate which type of adaptive immune cell?

A) Mast cell
B) Neutrophil
C) Macrophage
D) Cytotoxic T cell

Question 10

Cathelicidins perform which of the following functions?
I. Chemotaxis
II. Neutralization of endotoxins
III. Broad spectrum antimicrobial activity

A) I only
B) III only
C) I and II
D) II and III
E) I, II, and III