Deck 24: Vaccines in Theory and Practice

Question 1

B cells in the germinal centers of the tonsils predominantly produce which type of antibody?

A) IgA
B) IgE
C) IgG
D) IgM

Answer 1

IgG

Question 2

Peyer's patches are located in the:

A) Bronchial tree
B) Urogenital tract
C) Back of the throat
D) Gastrointestinal (GI) tract

Answer 2

Gastrointestinal (GI) tract

Question 3

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an example of a(n):

A) Toxoid
B) Exotoxin
C) Endotoxin
D) Enterotoxin

Answer 3

Endotoxin

Question 4

Which of the following adjuvants is/are capable of enhancing mucosal immunity?
I. Squalene
II. Cholera toxin
III. Monophosphoryl lipid A

A) I only
B) III only
C) I and II
D) II and III
E) I, II, and III

Question 5

What is the purpose of adding an adjuvant to a vaccine?

A) To reduce side effects
B) To enhance the immune response
C) To lower risk of allergic reactions
D) To prevent microbial contamination

Question 6

Which of the following is an advantage of live, attenuated vaccination over other types of vaccination?

A) Inexpensive to make
B) One dose produces immunity
C) Always stimulate mucosal and systemic immunity
D) Pose no health risks to immunosuppressed individuals

Question 7

Why do adenovirus vaccine vectors have limited utility?

A) Adenoviruses are small and cannot incorporate large numbers of genes from other viruses.
B) Most humans have preexisting antibodies that neutralize the vector before it can reach target tissue.
C) The immune response is weaker because the vector displays antigens from both the adenovirus and the pathogenic virus, diluting the immune response.
D) If the adenovirus incorporates large numbers of genes from pathogenic viruses, it may lose the ability to infect host tissue and elicit an immune response.

Question 8

Which type of vaccine may revert to a virulent form of the organism?

A) Cholera vaccine
B) Pertussis vaccine
C) Salk polio vaccine
D) Influenza vaccine (subcutaneous version)

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a virulence factor?

A) Host cell cilia
B) Viral subunits
C) Bacterial DNA
D) Polysaccharide capsule

Question 10

What is the difference between Freund's Incomplete Adjuvant (FIA) and Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA)?

A) FIA does not contain water.
B) FIA does not contain mineral oil.
C) FIA does not contain killed mycobacteria.
D) FIA does not contain mannide monooleate.

Question 11

Why are toxoid vaccines an effective means for reducing bacterial illness?

A) The toxin causes the damage, not the bacteria.
B) Bacteria have to die before the toxins can cause damage.
C) The toxins stimulate the immune system better than bacteria.
D) Bacteria have the toxins on their surface, so an immune response to the toxins will neutralize both.

Question 12

Which of the following is a conjugate vaccine?

A) Sabin polio
B) Hepatitis A
C) Rotavirus vaccine
D) Pneumococcal vaccine

Question 13

Which type of vaccine involves culturing both noninfective and infective viruses together to produce a noninfective vaccine agent with the antigens of the infective virus?

A) Subunit vaccines
B) Conjugate vaccines
C) Reassortment vaccines
D) Recombinant viral vaccines

Question 14

Which of the following pose little or no risk to immunocompromised individuals?
I. Subunit vaccine
II. Inactivated vaccine
III. Live, attenuated vaccine

A) I only
B) III only
C) I and II
D) II and III
E) I, II, and III

Question 15

Which of the following is true concerning excipients in vaccines?
I. Excipients can cause allergic reactions.
II. Excipients may be purposefully added to vaccines.
III. Excipients may be contaminants from the manufacturing process.

A) I only
B) III only
C) I and II
D) II and III
E) I, II, and III