Deck 8: Social Movements

Question 1

What is the definition of a social movement?

A) a well-organized collection of ordinary people working to get their voices heard by the public at large
B) a loosely organized collection of ordinary people working to get their voices heard by the public at large
C) a well-organized collection of elites working to get their voices heard by the public at large
D) a loosely organized collection of elites working to get their voices heard by a small portion of the public
E) a loosely organized collection of media and leaders working to get their voices heard by the public at large

Answer 1

B

Question 2

What major crisis, combined with growing social movements, created the basis for laws protecting the rights of working people?

A) World War I
B) World War II
C) Occupy Wall Street
D) the Great Depression
E) AIDS epidemic

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following was a movement that arose from the belief that most of the economic growth over two decades had gone to the top 1 percent?

A) the Occupy Wall Street movement
B) the Tea Party movement
C) the antiglobalization movement
D) the undocumented immigrants movement
E) the environmental movement

Answer 3

A

Question 4

What court decision, featuring the infamous "separate but equal doctrine," ultimately collapsed after the enactment of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965?

A) Plessy v. Ferguson
B) Dred Scott v. Sanford
C) Brown v. Board of Education
D) Sweatt v. Painter
E) Marbury v. Madison

Question 5

What was the most effective tactic used during the civil rights movement?

A) civil disobedience
B) threatening leaders
C) sit-down strike
D) harassment
E) violent protesting

Question 6

In 1838, who became the first woman to speak before an American legislative body?

A) Susan B. Anthony
B) Eleanor Roosevelt
C) Elizabeth Cady Stanton
D) Angelina Grimké
E) Lucy Stone

Question 7

The struggle for women's suffrage refers to which of the following?

A) The struggle for women's right to run for office.
B) The struggle for women's right to have jobs outside the home.
C) The struggle for women's right to vote.
D) The struggle for women's right to equal pay.
E) The struggle for women's right to own property.

Question 8

What is the first factor that must occur for a social movement to develop?

A) Resources become available for mobilization.
B) A supportive environment develops among the public and societal leaders.
C) Real or perceived distress occurs.
D) A catalyzing event occurs to set the movement in motion.
E) A sense of efficacy develops among participants.

Question 9

The labor movement eventually forced the federal government to recognize the right of working people to form which of the following?

A) companies
B) interest groups
C) political parties
D) unions
E) congressional committees

Question 10

What is the term associated with an "I can make a difference" attitude?

A) consciousness-raising
B) political efficacy
C) mobilization
D) grassroots
E) civil disobedience

Question 11

Which antiwar movement featured a wide variety of tactics, from mass demonstration to voting registration to nonviolent civil disobedience, and even to violent tactics such as the Days of Rage vandalism?

A) anti-Afghanistan War movement
B) anti-Korean War movement
C) anti-Cold War movement
D) anti-Iraq War movement
E) anti-Vietnam War movement

Question 12

Which term refers to the number of groups involved in a political conflict?

A) mobilization
B) scope
C) majoritarian
D) collective bargaining
E) power

Question 13

According to the National Park Service estimate (from the "By the Numbers" feature), what was the crowd size at the Million Man March?

A) 2,000,000
B) 1,500,000
C) 100,000
D) 750,000
E) 400,000

Question 14

Secularization refers to the spread of what type of values and outlooks?

A) terroristic
B) nonreligious
C) antiwar
D) populist
E) abolitionist

Question 15

What prominent civil rights activist made the call for "black power" in 1966?

A) Stokely Carmichael
B) Martin Luther King, Jr.
C) Malcolm X
D) James Meredith
E) Rosa Parks

Question 16

What movement did leaders begin to support in the 1950s and 1960s largely due to their concerns for U.S. credibility abroad and its loyalties in the struggle against the Soviet Union?

A) women's rights movement
B) gay rights movement
C) Christian conservative movement
D) labor movement
E) civil rights movement

Question 17

An estimated 16 million people worldwide gathered over a February 2003 weekend to protest the coming U.S.-led invasion of what country?

A) Turkey
B) Iran
C) Afghanistan
D) Syria
E) Iraq

Question 18

Which of the following have recent movements, such as the antiglobalization movement and the anti-Iraq War movement, used to spread information, raise money, and organize?

A) social networking and text messaging
B) speeches
C) radio stations
D) television and Internet advertising
E) demonstrations and marches

Question 19

According to the box, "How Are People Involved in Politics," in which political activity did the most Americans report participation?

A) giving money to a social/political organizations
B) joining protest rallies or marches
C) attending meetings on political or social issues
D) signing paper petitions
E) distributing social/political group information

Question 20

Which of the following phrases typically describes a social movement?

A) Social movements rarely form interest groups.
B) Social movements are generally led by political elites.
C) Social movements often start when one person defines troubles and problems.
D) Social movements are easy to organize and sustain.
E) Social movements often use unconventional and disruptive tactics.

Question 21

According to the "Mapping American Politics" box, where did the largest anti-Iraq War demonstrations take place?

A) North America
B) South America
C) Asia
D) Australia
E) Europe

Question 22

Which social movement discussed in this chapter has yielded important political successes, in that both parties' members aspired to the highest political offices in the United States in recent elections?

A) gay and lesbian movement
B) women's rights movement
C) civil rights movement
D) Tea Party movement
E) labor movement

Question 23

What amendment's passage was a main objective of the women's movement, which ultimately did not succeed?

A) Women's Rights Amendment
B) Civil Rights Amendment
C) Equal Rights Amendment
D) Voting Rights for Women Amendment
E) Women's Fair Labor Amendment

Question 24

The Black Panther Party was founded on a platform that rejected the principles of which of the following?

A) Mahatma Gandhi
B) Stokely Carmichael
C) Malcolm X
D) James Meredith
E) Rosa Parks

Question 25

The goals of the religious conservative movement directly contrast with the goals of which of the following?

A) women's rights movement
B) environmental movement
C) gay and lesbian movement
D) antiglobalization movement
E) undocumented immigrants movement

Question 26

What recent movement has enjoyed moderate successes and has gained influence through its legislative efforts regarding the national debt?

A) Democratic movement
B) Occupy Wall Street movement
C) poor people's movement
D) Christian conservative movement
E) Tea Party movement

Question 27

The Populist movement occurred after __________.

A) the Great Depression
B) western and southern farmers suffered economically in the late nineteenth century
C) religious and family values declined in America
D) violence was increasingly directed at gays and lesbians
E) women were receiving unequal pay

Question 28

Which political scientist described the U.S. political system as "almost perfectly designed to maintain an existing state of affairs," such that "only a determined … majority could make it move. This is why our history is replete with social movements"?

A) Woodrow Wilson
B) Theodore Lowi
C) E.E. Schattschneider
D) John L. Lewis
E) Walter Reuther

Question 29

The main objective of the contemporary religious conservative movement is which of the following?

A) to end the legal availability of abortion in the United States
B) to end prayer in schools
C) to end the pro-life movement
D) to promote same-sex marriage
E) to increase the legal availability of abortion in the United States

Question 30

The Populist movement is most similar to which contemporary movement?

A) women's rights movement
B) gay and lesbian movement
C) Tea Party movement
D) civil rights movement
E) Christian conservative movement

Question 31

According to the box, "How Are People Involved in Politics," among people who believe they have a say in government, approximately how many attended government meetings and signed petitions?

A) one-fifth
B) three-fifths
C) two-thirds
D) one half
E) one-third

Question 32

The Tea Party movement grew out of the established Republican Party. The Tea Party's successful candidates had access to resources that other movements may not have had. These candidates can be considered which of the following?

A) outsiders
B) insiders
C) grassroots activists
D) lobbyists
E) suffragists

Question 33

What issue is at the forefront of the contemporary religious conservative movement?

A) civil rights movement
B) labor movement
C) antiglobalization movement
D) pro-life movement
E) undocumented immigrants movement

Question 34

What event sparked the gay and lesbian movement in the late 1960s?

A) police harassment, which caused a rebellion
B) the jailing of a young lesbian woman, which caused boycotts
C) the passing of anti-gay legislation, which moved gays and lesbians to action
D) the assassination of a prominent gay rights activist, which led to marches
E) police violence, which led to the hospitalization of a gay man

Question 35

Mahatma Gandhi, whose beliefs were borrowed by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., advocated which tactic used in social movements?

A) sit-down strikes
B) violent demonstrations
C) massive public rallies
D) civil disobedience
E) massive protests

Question 36

The labor movement "took off" when its goals coincided with the electoral needs of the Democratic Party. Which factor that gives rise to social movements does this exemplify?

A) a sense of efficacy among participants
B) real or perceived distress
C) availability of resources for mobilization
D) a spark to set off the flames
E) a supportive environment

Question 37

According to the box, "How Are People Involved in Politics," those who believe they don't have a say in government are least likely to engage in which two activities?

A) signing paper petitions and joining protests rallies/marches
B) attending meetings on political/social issues and giving money to social/political organizations
C) giving money to social/political organizations and attending city council or school board meetings
D) joining protest rallies/marches and distributing social/political group information
E) distributing social/political group information and attending city council or school board meetings

Question 38

Where did the large nonviolent civil disobedience demonstration led by Dr. King, which was met with astonishing police violence and brutality that caused international outcry, occur?

A) Montgomery, AL
B) Birmingham, AL
C) Washington, D.C.
D) Mobile, AL
E) Little Rock, AR

Question 39

According to the "By the Numbers" feature, what is a more reliable method for calculating crowd sizes for demonstrations and rallies?

A) ticket stubs
B) aerial photography
C) taking estimates from spokespersons
D) physical counting
E) estimated guessing

Question 40

Which social movement employed tactics similar to the sit-down strike by taking over prominent urban spaces, such as protestors did at New York's Zuccotti Park?

A) Occupy Wall Street movement
B) civil rights movement
C) women's rights movement
D) gay and lesbian movement
E) undocumented immigrants movement

Question 41

In the sense of the definition "social movements are the instruments of outsiders," how did women's rights, civil rights, religious fundamentalist, and pro-immigration activists make the political climate more democratic?

A) by encouraging participation
B) by overcoming political inequality
C) by creating new majorities
D) by overcoming constitutional limitations on change
E) by organizing violent protests

Question 42

Nonviolent civil disobedience was one of the main tactics of the civil rights movement.

Question 43

Which movement best represents a large scope of conflict?

A) women's rights movement
B) civil rights movement
C) undocumented immigrants movement
D) Christian conservative movement
E) gay and lesbian movement

Question 44

In light of recent events, which level of government has been the most effective in promoting gay rights?

A) the Supreme Court
B) the Congress
C) the bureaucracy
D) local government
E) the president

Question 45

According to the box, "How Are People Involved in Politics," in which political activity are those who believe they have a say most likely to participate?

A) signing paper petitions
B) attending city council or school board meetings
C) joining protests or rallies
D) distributing social/political group information
E) giving money to social/political organizations

Question 46

In the 2012 general election, Tea Party members supported Mitt Romney mostly because of his favorable stance toward which of the following?

A) corporations
B) bigger government
C) less border control
D) pro-choice legislation
E) support for illegal immigrants' rights

Question 47

According to the box, "How Are People Involved in Politics," how much more likely are Americans to sign paper petitions than to join protest rallies or marches?

A) 22%
B) 14%
C) 1%
D) 35%
E) 37%

Question 48

After the brutal Birmingham, AL, incident in 1963, illustrated in the "Courage Under Fire" photo in the text, the 1964 Civil Rights Act was passed, ending most forms of legal segregation. What is another term for segregation based in law?

A) de facto segregation
B) de jure segregation
C) constitutional segregation
D) equal segregation
E) civil segregation

Question 49

The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 requires which of the following?

A) all states to seize and return slaves as property
B) northern states to seize and return slaves as property
C) southern states to seize and return slaves as property
D) southern states to recognize escaped slaves as free citizens
E) all states to recognize escaped slaves as free citizens

Question 50

The Eighteenth Amendment prohibits any U.S. citizen from being denied the HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffrage" \o "Suffrage" right to vote based on gender.

Question 51

Ronald Reagan's appointments were likely to garner support for him from proponents of which of the following?

A) Planned Parenthood
B) the National Right to Life Committee
C) equal rights legislation
D) same sex marriage legislation
E) women's rights legislation

Question 52

What was the "spark" that set off the Occupy Wall Street movement?

A) the election of Barack Obama
B) the Great Recession
C) the rising Christian conservative movement
D) the rising Tea Party movement
E) the rising civil rights movement

Question 53

At what level of the hierarchical framework (according to the "Using the Framework" box) did Barack Obama specifically state his intent to repeal DADT?

A) government action
B) government
C) political linkage
D) structure
E) societal action

Question 54

Why is the Brown v. Board of Education decision important?

A) It gave blacks the right to vote.
B) It gave blacks rights to full citizenship.
C) It desegregated public areas in the southern states.
D) It outlawed violent response to demonstrations and protests.
E) It declared "separate but equal" that came from the Plessy decision as unconstitutional.

Question 55

According to the "Using the Framework" feature, tolerance of alternative lifestyles increases as __________.

A) education increases
B) integration increases
C) women's rights increase
D) conservatism increases
E) media coverage increases

Question 56

As illustrated by the graph in the "By the Numbers" feature, Farrakhan's estimate differed from the National Park Service estimate by approximately a factor of __________.

A) four
B) two
C) ten
D) zero
E) eleven

Question 57

The presence of federal troops was necessary to do which of the following?

A) end boycotting in Montgomery
B) protect demonstrators in Birmingham
C) enforce court-ordered integration of Little Rock schools
D) enforce the Voting Rights Act
E) prevent violent demonstrations in Washington, D.C.

Question 58

In which area has the Supreme Court been the most active in expanding civil rights for blacks?

A) voting
B) housing
C) employment
D) education
E) slavery

Question 59

Social movements rarely turn into interest groups.

Question 60

The Dred Scott v. Sandford decision held that blacks were not citizens and had no constitutional protections, but was later overturned by which constitutional amendment?

A) Fourth
B) Thirteenth
C) Fourteenth
D) Fifteenth
E) Twelfth

Question 61

Social movements can and often do help make American politics more democratic.

Question 62

Black registration and voting turnout increased dramatically in the South during the late 1960s and 1970s after the passage of the __________.

Question 63

Social movements are different from __________, which last longer and are more organized, but social movements often lead to their formation.

Question 64

How people engage in politics-and how often-is in part a function of __________.

Question 65

The women's and gay and lesbian movements were important in the rise of the Christian conservative movement, whose people were worried that traditional family values were under assault.

Question 66

The successes of the women's rights movement are attributable to the design of the Constitution and the American political system, which allowed for easy social changes.

Question 67

Social movements are often successful because they have access to interest groups, PACs, lobbyists, and campaign contributors.

Question 68

In February 1838, abolitionist __________ addressed the Massachusetts legislature and presented a petition against slavery with an estimated 20,000 signatures from women of the state.

Question 69

Civil disobedience can be defined as the intentional breaking of a law and accepting the consequences as a way to publicize the unjustness of the law.

Question 70

Movements can be considered successful even if no new legislation is passed or no legislation is changed.

Question 71

Programs such as Social Security and universal health care, as well as the women's rights, workers' rights, gay and lesbian, and civil rights movements, each which advocated the extensions of benefits and rights to specific groups, are more likely to be supported by the __________ Party.

Question 72

__________ groups are designed to raise awareness of discrimination against women and to encourage involvement in movement activities.

Question 73

Political leaders joined the civil rights movement because they hoped to maintain support in the international community in the U.S. struggle against the Soviet Union.

Question 74

__________was sent to jail following her refusal to give up her seat on a Montgomery, AL, bus in 1957.

Question 75

The more proximate a movement's goals are to other Americans' values, the more likely it is that the movement will succeed.

Question 76

Elizabeth Cady Stanton's statement that "all men and women are created equal, endowed with the same inalienable rights" is modeled after a similar statement found in the __________.

Question 77

The Great Depression ultimately led to the creation of new majorities, in the form of labor unions.

Question 78

The poor people's movement was very successful in the 1960s.

Question 79

Abolitionists generally supported the Fugitive Slave Act.

Question 80

Women and African Americans were able to __________, which ultimately led to women gaining the right to vote and African Americans securing the full rights of citizenship.