Deck 9: Conception, Pregnancy, and Birth

Question 1

Immediately upon fertilization, a hormone called ________ begins to be released; pregnancy tests measure the level of this hormone in a woman's urine to determine pregnancy.

A)estrogen
B)hCG
C)testosterone
D)progestin

Answer 1

B
Explanation: HCG is the hormone produced by the body when a woman is pregnant.

Question 2

At the end of the eight weeks following implantation, the embryo becomes known as a(n) ________.

A)morula
B)blastula
C)ovum
D)fetus

Answer 2

D
Explanation: The term fetus is used to describe an embryo after eight weeks of pregnancy.

Question 3

The obstetrician and professor at Edinburgh University who discovered the use of chloroform during the birth process is ________.

A)Dr.James Young Simpson
B)Dr.Samuel Chloroform
C)Dr.Michael Eaton Ether
D)Dr.Marie Antoinette

Answer 3

A
Explanation: Dr. James Young Simpson discovered chloroform for use during the birth process.

Question 4

The earliest methods of medical pain control for childbirth required the mother to be deeply sedated, a state known as ________.

A)unconscious
B)general anesthesia
C)dementia
D)hypnosis

Question 5

These two hormones play an important role in ovulation:

A)FSH and TH
B)FSH and LH
C)LH and TH
D)TH and PUT

Question 6

Another name for ectopic pregnancies is ________, because they often occur there.

A)ovarian pregnancies
B)embryotic pregnancies
C)tubal pregnancies
D)cervical pregnancies

Question 7

Marty is reading a book about puberty and male reproduction.He learns that the sperm cells develop in the ________.

A)seminiferous tubules
B)vas deferens
C)prostate
D)epididymis

Question 8

Women, on average, release one egg each month, a process called ________.

A)conception
B)ovulation
C)dilation
D)egg expulsion

Question 9

What is the correct sequence of events that follow fertilization of an egg?

A)zygote, blastocyst, embryo, fetus
B)blastocyst, embryo, zygote, fetus
C)embryo, blastocyst, zygote, fetus
D)zygote, embryo, fetus, blastocyst

Question 10

Matt and Monica have been trying to get pregnant for two years.No wonder it is so difficult! They just found out that the average couple is fertile for only about ________ each month.

A)1 day
B)6-7 days
C)11 days
D)14 days

Question 11

During the ________ phase, the growth of new follicles in the ovaries is suppressed and the lining of the uterus thickens in preparation to receive a fertilized egg.

A)follicular
B)hormonal
C)estrogen
D)luteal

Question 12

At the time a fertilized ovum enters the uterus, it is called a(n) ________.

A)follicle
B)seed cell
C)zygote
D)oocyte

Question 13

Carrie was distraught when she miscarried, but found herself even more upset when her doctor told her that another name for a miscarriage is ________.

A)embryonic detachment
B)uterine failure
C)spontaneous abortion
D)early contractions

Question 14

The term quickening refers to when ________.

A)a mother begins to feel fetal movement
B)the fetus begins to have a detectable heart beat
C)the major organ systems in the fetus have developed
D)the fetus develops discernable sex characteristics

Question 15

________ refers to an earlier method of childbirth pain control that used a combination of two injectable drugs: morphine and scopolamine.

A)Midnight zone
B)Twilight zone
C)Midnight sleep
D)Twilight sleep

Question 16

Miranda got her first period at age 13.She discovers that the term used to describe a girl's first menstrual period is ________.

A)menarche
B)bleeding
C)menopause
D)monumental

Question 17

In the U.S., nearly ________ of all pregnancies are unplanned.

A)10%
B)25%
C)50%
D)75%

Question 18

Karen is going through puberty.Her mother explains that her ovaries contain approximately ________ oocytes.

A)400
B)4,000
C)400,000
D)4,000,000

Question 19

Sperm cells that are beginning to develop in a man's testicles today will not be ready to be ejaculated and able to fertilize an ovum for approximately ________ days.

A)7-10
B)17-20
C)50-55
D)68-72

Question 20

Married couple Tim and Tia are biologically capable of conceiving, but feel more comfortable and content to live lives that do not include parenting.They prefer to be called ________.

A)childless
B)child-free
C)childphobic
D)selfish

Question 21

________ involves the insertion of a small tube through the cervix and into the uterus to obtain a placental tissue sample.

A)Amniocentesis
B)Ultrasound
C)Chorionic villus sampling
D)Laparoscopy

Question 22

When Patrick was born, the doctor performed a widely used assessment on him immediately after he was delivered called the ________.

A)APGAR score
B)SAT
C)Fetal Response score
D)hCG score

Question 23

This chemical is linked to the beginning of childbirth and is thought to signal the uterus to begin contractions:

A)human chorionic gonadotropin
B)estradiol
C)corticotrophin-releasing hormone
D)follicle stimulating hormone

Question 24

Approximately ________ legal abortions occur in the United States each year.

A)100,000
B)250,000
C)1 million
D)2.5 million

Question 25

The U.S.Supreme Court case in 1973 that legalized abortion was ________.

A)Marbury v.Madison
B)Roe v.Wade
C)Buckley v.Valeo
D)Planned Parenthood v.Texas

Question 26

Sybil is clearly in stage one labor.Her midwife knows this because it is characterized by ________.

A)dilation of the cervix
B)bleeding
C)desire to push
D)delivery of the placenta

Question 27

An episiotomy is a surgical incision in a woman's ________.

A)cervix
B)vagina
C)perineum
D)uterus

Question 28

If Cindy is like most women, she will experience ________ after the termination of an unwanted pregnancy

A)no mental health problems
B)serious regret
C)lifetime guilt
D)elation

Question 29

A woman would be in second stage labor when ________.

A)the amniotic sac bursts
B)the cervix begins to dilate
C)she begins to experience Braxton Hicks contractions
D)contractions involve the muscles of the abdomen as well as the uterus

Question 30

In stage three labor, the ________ is expelled from the uterus with the umbilical cord attached.

A)cervix
B)baby
C)placenta
D)amnion

Question 31

Although Molly's first baby was born head-first, in her second delivery, her baby was born feet- or bottom-first.This is called ________.

A)stillbirth
B)backward birth
C)breech birth
D)cesarean birth

Question 32

Myriam chose to have a medical abortion, which means a(n) ________.

A)abortion performed for medical reasons
B)late-term abortion method
C)drug or drugs administered to terminate a pregnancy
D)drug or drugs administered to prevent complications during surgical abortion

Question 33

________ are hospital-like facilities with basic medical care equipment, that feature a home-like setting and have, as their primary focus, a natural, family- centered approach to the birth process.

A)Maternity wards
B)Birthing centers
C)Health centers
D)Home birth wards

Question 34

Nearly ________ of all surgical abortion in the United States occur within the first trimester of pregnancy.

A)45%
B)60%
C)75%
D)90%

Question 35

The most common cause of miscarriage involves ________.

A)one or more serious genetic fetal abnormalities
B)having an older father and younger mother
C)physical activity
D)eating certain foods

Question 36

Any substance ingested by a pregnant woman that can cause a fetal abnormality is called a ________.

A)tetrad
B)colostrum
C)gamete
D)teratogen

Question 37

Sexual intercourse during pregnancy ________.

A)is usually safe only in the later months
B)should be avoided throughout the pregnancy
C)increases the risk of preterm labor
D)poses no risk to the developing fetus or to the mother

Question 38

All of the following are true about legal abortions, except that they ________.

A)are considered safe
B)are less risky than pregnancy and birth
C)have little effect on a woman's future ability to become pregnant
D)lead to depression in most women

Question 39

The abortion procedure used in the second trimester is called ________.

A)hysterotomy
B)vacuum aspiration
C)dilation and evacuation
D)medications such as RU-486

Question 40

Marsha attended Lamaze classes during her first pregnancy.The Lamaze method teaches women preparing for childbirth ________.

A)special breathing exercises and relaxation techniques
B)not to use a physician
C)how to deliver the baby by yourself
D)not to use any drugs at all

Question 41

Infertility is due to a male sperm factor (e.g., low number, poor quality, or low mobility) ________ of the time.

A)10%
B)25%
C)40%
D)65%

Question 42

Louise Brown is best known as the ________.

A)first test tube baby
B)doctor who invented IVF
C)first woman to use IVF to get pregnant
D)woman who legalized ART

Question 43

The combined pregnancy rate for all ART methods is approaching ________ for women under the age of 35.

A)10%
B)25%
C)50%
D)75%

Question 44

Which fertility testing method would require the use of an X-ray?

A)semen analysis
B)post-coital exam
C)hysterosalpingogram
D)endometrial biopsy

Question 45

According to the text, when considering adoption, it is important to consider all of the following except ________.

A)cost
B)whether you prefer a child from your home country or from a foreign country
C)if you need to have a child with your genes
D)the child's IQ

Question 46

________ involves the fertilization of eggs by sperm, in vitro, with the fertilized eggs being transferred back to the female's fallopian tube.

A)Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)
B)Embryo transplant
C)Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT)
D)In vitro fertilization (IVF)

Question 47

In ________ a single sperm cell from the man is injected using a microscopic needle, directly into each harvested egg from the woman.The resulting zygote is then transferred after a few days into the woman's uterus.

A)IVF
B)GIFT
C)ZIFT
D)ICSI

Question 48

Infertility problems affect about ________ couples of reproductive age.

A)2%
B)4%
C)10%
D)37%

Question 49

Barry and Barbara confide to their family members that their baby is a "test tube baby," which means that ________.

A)its embryonic and fetal development occurred in a test tube
B)it was fertilized outside its mother's body
C)its embryonic development occurred outside its mother's body
D)it was conceived with artificial eggs and sperm

Question 50

In an attempt to get pregnant, Jasmine had a procedure that involved inserting a small tube through her cervix and injecting sperm directly into her uterus.This reproductive technology is known as ________.

A)IUI
B)IVF
C)GIFT
D)Clomid

Question 51

The most common pain relief medications in use today are ________.

A)sedatives
B)local anesthesia
C)regional anesthesia
D)all of the above

Question 52

In an effort to become pregnant after many years of trying, more and more couples are turning to ________, which involves the removal of mature eggs from a female's ovary and fertilizing them with sperm in a laboratory before surgically implanting them in the woman's uterus.

A)gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)
B)embryo transplant
C)zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT)
D)in vitro fertilization (IVF)

Question 53

Kathryn is among the ________ of pregnant women who elect to have a C-section, even though it is determined NOT to be medically necessary.

A)10%
B)25%
C)50%
D)75%

Question 54

The problem of infertility related to sperm cells may include all of the following except ________.

A)too few sperm cells are ejaculated
B)if the sperm cells cannot swim well enough to move up into the fallopian tubes
C)if they lack the enzymes required to penetrate the ovum
D)poor sleeping habits

Question 55

Sandra had been struggling with infertility.Her doctor recommended she have a(n) ________, which would allow her doctor to have a direct, internal look at the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus.

A)endometrial biopsy
B)hysterosalpingogram
C)IVF
D)laparoscopy

Question 56

Most doctors and midwives recommend waiting at least ________ after birth to have intercourse.

A)6 days
B)until she is through breastfeeding
C)6 weeks
D)until their child is in school

Question 57

Increasing age is associated with ________ fertility, especially in women.

A)increasing
B)decreasing
C)longer
D)higher

Question 58

All of the following are true about postpartum depression except that it ________.

A)is a clearly defined psychological disorder
B)involves many of the symptoms of other forms of depression
C)typically involves a troubling lack of interest in the new baby
D)is brought on about ambivalence about the new baby

Question 59

About 20% of infertility is due to ________in women.

A)ovarian problems
B)blocked Fallopian tubes
C)tilted uterus
D)none of the above

Question 60

________ involves the placement of a mixture of egg and sperm directly into the fallopian tube.

A)Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)
B)Embryo transplant
C)Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT)
D)In vitro fertilization (IVF)

Question 61

Sue wonders if she will ever get pregnant.Her odds of getting pregnant are 1 in 5 from a single act of intercourse.

Question 62

The number of abortions in the United States has been increasing steadily due to easier access to birth control.

Question 63

Among women of childbearing age in the U.S., over 4 million define themselves as "voluntarily childless."

Question 64

Immediately after the first sperm successfully penetrates the ovum's outer membrane, biochemical changes are triggered in the ovum creating a barrier that effectively blocks any other sperm cell from entering.

Question 65

On average, somewhere between 400,000 and 500,000 sperm cells may be contained in a single ejaculation.

Question 66

The third trimester of pregnancy is marked by an increase in the rate of growth of the fetus.

Question 67

Most women will have approximately 35 to 40 fertile years between menarche and menopause.

Question 68

Acceptance of the use of chloroform for childbirth grew rapidly when Queen Victoria demanded and received chloroform during the birth of her eighth child in 1853.

Question 69

A review of available research concluded that there is no scientific evidence to support the idea that the termination of an unwanted pregnancy leads to mental health problems in women.

Question 70

In the U.S.and many other industrialized nations, the number of C-section births has been steadily rising, but the number of natural childbirth complications has not.

Question 71

"Silent miscarriages" occur so early in the pregnancy that the woman is unaware that she is pregnant.

Question 72

Anne is weighing the risks of having a C-section with the risks associated with a vaginal birth.The risks of a C-section delivery for a normal birth are greater than those of a vaginal delivery.

Question 73

When the baby's head is said to "crown," this means it is visible at the vaginal opening.

Question 74

Mora is reviewing the research on the various risks associated with sexual and reproductive issues.According to the research the risks to the health and life of the mother from surgical abortion are significantly higher than the risks of pregnancy and giving birth.

Question 75

In health class, Greg learns about sperm production, including the fact that sperm cells are produced in the testicles.

Question 76

In response to the demand for more personalized, parent-controlled childbirth, freestanding birthing centers are growing in number and popularity.

Question 77

Yolanda is terminating her pregnancy through a medical abortion because this method involves using drugs that can be taken entirely at home.She will not have to see a doctor.

Question 78

When the ovum is in the uterus, the woman is "officially" fertile.

Question 79

Lamaze, who developed the childbirth preparedness method, took a stand against pain medication, and believed in "all natural" childbirth.

Question 80

Abortion is not related to a higher incidence of any type of cancer.