Deck 32: Anxieties and Ideologies of the Interwar Years, 1918-1939

Question 1

Flappers (or, in Mexico, pelonas) were

A) liberated young women
B) impressionist artists
C) innovative filmmakers
D) stream of consciousness poets

Answer 1

liberated young women

Question 2

Einstein asserted that measures of time, space, and motion vary with the movements of observers. This is known as the theory of

A) gravity.
B) relativity.
C) synchronicity.
D) constant motion.

Answer 2

relativity.

Question 3

Which of these became a French mandate following World War I?

A) Syria
B) Egypt
C) Iran
D) Turkey

Answer 3

Syria

Question 4

Which of these was pioneered in The Jazz Singer?

A) film sound
B) recorded music
C) Jazz music
D) movies

Question 5

Which of these is the approach in which right and wrong are not set but variable from person to person?

A) liberalism
B) Positivism
C) relativism
D) skepticism

Question 6

Pablo Picasso embraced an artistic style known as

A) realism.
B) cubism.
C) surrealism.
D) idealism.

Question 7

According to Freud, absolute moral standards could not exist because

A) people were driven by unconscious instincts.
B) people behaved according to the influences of the environment.
C) there was no god.
D) people could never meet such high standards.

Question 8

Which of these provisions of the Versailles peace conference led to a Chinese student uprising?

A) the division of Germany
B) German territory in China being passed to Japan
C) application of the principle of self-determination
D) creation of the League of Nations

Question 9

All Quiet on the Western Front was written by

A) e. e. cummings.
B) T.S. Eliot.
C) Oswald Spengler.
D) Erich Marie Remarque.

Question 10

Which of the following factors best accounts for the failure of the League of Nations?

A) Due to the Depression, nations stopped paying dues.
B) Adolf Hitler became its leader.
C) The United States never joined.
D) Japan encouraged an Asian boycott of the League.

Question 11

The Decline of the West was written by

A) e. e. cummings.
B) T.S. Eliot.
C) Oswald Spengler.
D) Erich Marie Remarque.

Question 12

What new nation was created from an expanded Serbia after the war?

A) Poland
B) Czechoslovakia
C) Romania
D) Yugoslavia

Question 13

The United States failed to join the League of Nations because

A) Germany had been excluded.
B) the Senate was wary of foreign commitments.
C) Wilson vetoed the Congressional vote to join.
D) America was too weak and poor after the war.

Question 14

How did German expectations at the end of World War I differ from the realities of the Treaty of Versailles?

A) Germans expected the blame to be placed on Austria, but it was instead placed on them.
B) Germans expected the peace treaty to be based on the Fourteen Points, but it was instead a punitive treaty.
C) Germans expected the United States to help the German economy rebuild, but the Treaty of Versailles forbade such assistance.
D) Germans expected to remain a unified nation, but the treaty divided their land into two separate nations.

Question 15

Which of the following was NOT a term of the Treaty of Versailles?

A) The Germans had to demilitarize the Rhineland.
B) The Germans were allowed to keep their overseas empire.
C) The Germans had to accept blame for starting the war.
D) The Germans had to pay reparations.

Question 16

What new method did Henry Ford bring to manufacturing?

A) time and motion studies
B) the assembly line
C) collectivization
D) ergonomics

Question 17

Which of the following most closely describes the writing style of e. e. cummings?

A) He wrote about modern social issues from a free market viewpoint.
B) He ignored rhyme, meter, and capitalization in his writings.
C) He wrote about the horrors of war with gruesome accounts of incidents.
D) He established a writing style in which every third word rhymes.

Question 18

The Waste Land was written by

A) e. e. cummings.
B) T.S. Eliot.
C) Oswald Spengler.
D) Erich Marie Remarque.

Question 19

All Quiet on the Western Front, The Waste Land, and The Decline of the West all have in common

A) anti-war themes.
B) relativism.
C) a sense of disillusionment following World War I.
D) liberal political ideology.

Question 20

Which of these was NOT an intellectual of the 1800s who contributed to the move towards relativism?

A) Stanley Baldwin
B) Karl Marx
C) Herbert Spencer
D) Friedrich Nietzsche

Question 21

Duce and Führer were titles given to Mussolini and Hitler, respectively. These titles both mean

A) father.
B) hero.
C) leader.
D) champion.

Question 22

How did most Germans view the Weimar Republic?

A) the only viable alternative to Hitler
B) traitorous for its association with the Treaty of Versailles
C) a dictatorship claiming to be a republic
D) imperfect, yet the only logical choice for postwar Germany

Question 23

October 29, 1929, was known as

A) D-day.
B) Black Tuesday.
C) Armistice Day.
D) Depression Day.

Question 24

Which man is responsible for the Soviet "purges" that killed millions?

A) V.I. Lenin
B) Joseph Stalin
C) Leon Trotsky
D) Gustav Stresemann

Question 25

After the war, most of the former German colonies and Ottoman provinces became

A) independent.
B) League of Nations mandates entrusted to victorious nations.
C) part of an expanded Soviet empire.
D) American colonies.

Question 26

Which of these governed Germany following World War I?

A) a coalition under the League of Nations
B) the Weimar Republic
C) the Allied Powers
D) a union of workers' soviets

Question 27

The world's first nation to adopt fascism was

A) Russia.
B) Germany.
C) Japan.
D) Italy.

Question 28

Which of these was True of the New Deal?

A) It continued the policies of Herbert Hoover.
B) It marked a shift to a much more activist government.
C) It marked a return to the policies of Woodrow Wilson.
D) It ended the Great Depression in the U.S.

Question 29

Which of the following countries was the least affected by the Great Depression?

A) the United States
B) Germany
C) Sweden
D) Britain

Question 30

Why did France occupy the Ruhr valley in 1923?

A) It was given to them in the Treaty of Versailles.
B) Germany stopped paying reparations.
C) It was a militarized region.
D) Its inhabitants were threatening a Communist revolution.

Question 31

Which of these was a victim of the Great Purges?

A) Leon Trotsky
B) Joseph Stalin
C) V.I. Lenin
D) Alexander Kerensky

Question 32

The Stalin Revolution was devastating for

A) the military.
B) industry.
C) farmers.
D) modernization.

Question 33

Which man believed that the Depression would be short-lived and would end without government intervention?

A) Herbert Hoover
B) Woodrow Wilson
C) Franklin Delano Roosevelt
D) Calvin Coolidge

Question 34

The Great Depression came to an end because of

A) the election of Herbert Hoover.
B) the reopening of banks.
C) World War II.
D) the rising stock market.

Question 35

Which of the following statements describes Lenin's New Economic Policy?

A) It attempted to strengthen the Soviet Union by using capitalist techniques.
B) It focused on improving farming rather than industrialization.
C) It ruined the Soviet economy and led to a coup against Lenin.
D) It abolished private property and introduced pure communism.

Question 36

Hitler was imprisoned for a year following the failed

A) presidential election.
B) burning of the Reichstag.
C) Communist revolution.
D) Beer Hall Putsch.

Question 37

The term fascism was a reference to a symbol of power used by the ancient

A) a Greeks.
B) Etruscans.
C) Romans.
D) Germans.

Question 38

Which of these country's leaders were angry because they did not received the lands they were promised after WWI?

A) Britain
B) France
C) Italy
D) Japan

Question 39

As an alternative to Communism, some nations offered "cradle to grave" health and welfare benefits financed by very high taxes. This approach was most widely adopted in the postwar period in

A) Central America.
B) Scandinavia.
C) Soviet Union.
D) the United States.

Question 40

Why did the stock market crash in America lead to an international depression?

A) Europeans owned most American businesses
B) European banks and finance were closely tied to failing American banks
C) American consumers refused to buy goods produced in fascist countries
D) most nations used American dollars as their currency

Question 41

Hitler's propaganda minister was

A) Josef Goebbels.
B) Hermann Göring.
C) Oswald Spengler.
D) Adolf Eichmann.

Question 42

Simon Kimbangu believed that God would liberate the Congo from Belgium, and in the meantime they need not pay taxes.

Question 43

Who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and advocated an end to European rule in Africa?

A) Joseph Kasa Vubu
B) Simon Kimbangu
C) Marcus Garvey
D) Mahatma Gandhi

Question 44

Who was the first president of the Congo?

A) Joseph Kasa Vubu
B) Simon Kimbangu
C) Marcus Garvey
D) Leopold Senghor

Question 45

Turkey differed from many Middle Eastern nations because of its devotion to

A) Shi'ite Islam.
B) Sunni Islam.
C) Wahhabism.
D) secularism.

Question 46

Hitler's policy of Judenrein was an extreme form of

A) imperialism.
B) socialism.
C) nationalism.
D) Fascism.

Question 47

One problem whose solution eluded Mohandas Gandhi was the

A) Hindu-Muslim divide.
B) oppression of the British.
C) absence of Indian nationalism.
D) Indian-British conflict.

Question 48

"Africa for the Africans" was a movement designed to

A) end European rule in Africa.
B) end monarchy in Africa.
C) end slavery around the world.
D) forgive the debt of Africans worldwide.

Question 49

Which of the following best reflects the ideology of Mustafa Kemal regarding religion and government?

A) The government should be founded on religious principles.
B) The government has precedence over religion.
C) There should be no separation of religion and government.
D) Religion has precedence over government.

Question 50

The Weimar Republic responded to its fiscal crisis by printing more paper money.

Question 51

Which of these trends ended Japan's move to democracy?

A) capitalism
B) militarism
C) Communism
D) Fascism

Question 52

What Middle Eastern nation was created out of the merger of three former Ottoman provinces where Britain held a League of Nations mandate?

A) Lebanon.
B) Syria.
C) Saudi Arabia.
D) Iraq.

Question 53

Which of the following best describes Kristallnacht?

A) Hitler's population growth program
B) a division of the Hitler Youth organization
C) a brief battle with the communists in Berlin
D) an attack on Jewish businesses and homes

Question 54

After the death of Lenin, Trotsky agreed to allow Stalin to assume leadership of Russia.

Question 55

How did Mao Zedong's ideology differ from that of Karl Marx?

A) Mao did not believe in a violent revolution; Marx did.
B) Marx did not believe in a violent revolution; Mao did.
C) Mao believed that peasants, not urban proletariats, could lead a Communist revolution.
D) Marx believed that peasants, not urban proletariats, could lead a Communist revolution.

Question 56

Mustafa Kemal was a radical religious reformer intent on enforcing the Sharia.

Question 57

When fire burned down the Reichstag, Hitler blamed

A) Jews.
B) Christians.
C) Communists.
D) French.

Question 58

Where did Hitler expect to find Lebensraum for Germany's expanding population?

A) in lands of inferior Slavic peoples
B) in Africa
C) by moving more of the German population to cities
D) by conquering France

Question 59

Jiang Jieshi staged the Shanghai Massacre to purge the Guomindang of

A) communists.
B) foreigners.
C) capitalists.
D) Buddhists.

Question 60

Which Middle Eastern nation originally attempted to emulate Mustafa Kemal's policies?

A) Iran
B) Iraq
C) Saudi Arabia
D) Afghanistan

Question 61

Wahhabism dominated the emerging Saudi Arabia.

Question 62

Which time period was known as the "Age of Anxiety"?

Question 63

Which artist created the style known as cubism?

Question 64

By the 1930s most of the new nations created after the war had adopted dictatorial governments. Which countries were the exceptions?

Question 65

Evaluate ethnic conflict in postwar Europe.

Question 66

Before starting the Fascist party, Mussolini had been a socialist.

Question 67

Britain, France, Russia, and Germany made most of the decisions at the Paris Peace Conference.

Question 68

Discuss Hitler's rise to power in postwar Germany.

Question 69

Evaluate the policies of Joseph Stalin on the Soviet Union.

Question 70

Which people espoused the notion that it is right that the strong overcome the weak?

Question 71

Who replaced Sun Yatsen as the leader of the Guomindang?

Question 72

Who was Atatürk?

Question 73

Which type of art attempted to portray elements of Freud's unconscious world?

Question 74

Discuss the Paris Peace Conference and the resulting Treaty of Versailles.

Question 75

Hitler attempted to rebuild postwar Germany without violating the terms of the Versailles Treaty.

Question 76

What does "Mahatma" mean?

Question 77

Britain received the mandate for the region commonly referred to as Palestine.

Question 78

Which man led the Chinese Communists in fighting with the Nationalists?

Question 79

Oil was discovered in Saudi Arabia by Charles Crane, who initially was looking for underground water.

Question 80

Which man wrote a pessimistic piece entitled The Second Coming?