Deck 18: Nutrition Assessment

Question 1

What is nitrogen balance useful in determining?

A)The adequacy of protein intake
B)The adequacy of carbohydrate intake
C)The need for vitamin supplementation
D)Fluid and electrolyte balance

Answer 1

The adequacy of protein intake

Question 2

How does the cachectic patient appear physically?

A)Central obesity only
B)Very thin and malnourished
C)Edematous around the face
D)Very short of breath

Answer 2

Very thin and malnourished

Question 3

Which of the following may be more difficult with a high-carbohydrate diet?

A)Oxygenation
B)Cellular gas exchange
C)Oxygen transport
D)Weaning from mechanical ventilation

Answer 3

Weaning from mechanical ventilation

Question 4

What gas is required for optimum production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

A)Argon
B)Carbon dioxide
C)Nitrous oxide
D)Oxygen

Question 5

What is the RQ value of a patient eating a pure carbohydrate diet?

A)0.60
B)0.70
C)0.85
D)1.00

Question 6

Which of the following might hinder attempts at nutritional repletion in patients with respiratory disease?
1)The use of bronchodilators
2)Simple oxygen therapy
3)Intubation
4)Deep breathing and cough exercises

A)1, 2, 3
B)1, 3
C)2, 4
D)1, 2, 3, 4

Question 7

Which of the following is associated with a low-protein diet?

A)Increased work of breathing
B)Increased fixed acid load
C)Immune compromise
D)Increased stress on the kidneys

Question 8

Which of the following is an indicator of the energy requirements of the patient?

A)PaO₂ to PaO₂ ratio
B)Minute ventilation
C)Oxygen uptake per minute
D)Vital capacity

Question 9

Which of the following might indicate poor nutritional status?

A)Low BMI
B)Positive nitrogen balance
C)Positive response to skin antigen testing
D)High serum albumin level

Question 10

Which of the following is true about anaerobic metabolism?
1)It can cause metabolic acidosis.
2)It results in excess lactate production.
3)It results in excess production of carbon dioxide.
4)It is a very inefficient method of producing ATP.

A)1, 2, 3
B)1, 3
C)2, 4
D)1, 2, 3, 4

Question 11

What mineral plays a very important role in oxygen transport?

A)Calcium
B)Iron
C)Zinc
D)Magnesium

Question 12

What test is most useful for screening a patient for protein malnutrition?

A)Serum albumin level
B)Triceps skinfold
C)Creatinine-height index
D)BMI

Question 13

What element must be stored in sufficient quantities to meet the metabolic demands of the diaphragm?

A)Arginine
B)Glycogen
C)2,3-DPG (diphosphoglycerate)
D)Fat

Question 14

Which of the following is not associated with a high-fat diet?

A)Increased risk of heart disease
B)Decreased tissue oxygenation
C)Decreased DLCO
D)Increased carbon dioxide production

Question 15

What method of nutritional delivery is considered the least efficient?

A)By mouth
B)By nasogastric tube
C)By arterial line
D)By IV line

Question 16

Measuring the patient's energy expenditure with the use of oxygen consumption is referred to as _____ calorimetry.

A)direct
B)indirect
C)simple
D)complex

Question 17

What dietary adjustment might be best for patients with more severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

A)Increased carbohydrates
B)Increased fats
C)Increased proteins
D)Increased salt intake

Question 18

Which of the following are associated with increased metabolism?
1)Severe burns
2)Severe infection
3)Multiple traumas
4)Hyperthyroidism

A)1, 2, 3
B)1, 3
C)2, 4
D)1, 2, 3, 4

Question 19

Which of the following is a pulmonary effect of starvation?

A)Increased diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO)
B)Increased forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)
C)Increased risk of pneumonia
D)Increased functional residual capacity (FRC)

Question 20

Of which of the following components should the majority of dietary intake be made up?

A)Fat
B)Carbohydrate
C)Protein
D)None of the above

Question 21

Which of the following findings during inspection would suggest that the patient is malnourished?

A)Generalized obesity
B)Use of accessory muscles
C)Presence of wheezes
D)Weak cough