Deck 20: Therapeutic Agents for the Gastrointestinal System

Question 1

The organs most involved in the absorption of nutrients are:

A)Mouth and salivary glands
B)Stomach and small intestines
C)Large intestine
D)Anus

Answer 1

B
The organs of the GI system include the mouth, salivary glands, pharynx, and esophagus (ingestion and digestion), followed by the stomach and small intestine (nutrient absorption), the large intestine (resorption of water and electrolytes and storage of feces), and finally the anus (elimination).

Question 2

Peristalsis occurs in the:

A)Esophagus alone
B)Esophagus and stomach
C)Stomach and small intestines
D)Esophagus, stomach, and intestines

Answer 2

D
Peristalsis is the contraction and relaxation of the tubular muscles of the esophagus, stomach, and intestines that moves substances from the mouth to the anus.

Question 3

Lotronex is only indicated for use in:

A)Women
B)Long-term diarrhea as a result of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
C)Short-term relief of acute diarrhea
D)A and B

Answer 3

D
Lotronex is to be used by women suffering from IBS who have had diarrhea for at least 6 months. Lotronex has not shown to be effective in men with IBS. The common adult dosage is 0.5 mg twice daily for 4 weeks.

Question 4

The gallbladder releases:

A)Insulin to reduce glucose levels
B)Bile to aid in the dispersion of fats
C)Glycogen to increase glucose levels
D)None of the above

Question 5

H. pylori is usually treated with:

A)Antibiotics and PPIs
B)Antibiotics alone
C)Antacids
D)PPIs alone

Question 6

Agents that decrease the production of acid in the stomach include:

A)PPIs
B)Antacids
C)Histamine2 (H₂)-antagonists
D)A and C

Question 7

OTC antiemetics that do not affect the chemoreceptor trigger zone are commonly used for:

A)Chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting
B)Postoperative nausea and vomiting
C)Motion sickness
D)All of the above

Question 8

Auxiliary organs of the digestive system include all except the:

A)Pancreas
B)Liver
C)Gallbladder
D)Appendix

Question 9

Risk factors for GERD include:

A)Obesity
B)Smoking
C)Pregnancy
D)All of the above

Question 10

All of the following are functions of the GI system except:

A)Absorption
B)Digestion
C)Distribution
D)Excretion

Question 11

Conditions of the GI that can be attributed to or exacerbated by hyperacidity include all of the following except:

A)Peptic ulcers
B)Duodenal ulcers
C)GI reflux disease (GERD)
D)Constipation

Question 12

The acidity of the stomach is an important consideration in medication administration because:

A)Acid deactivates some medications.
B)Acid-reducing medications may affect the absorption of other medications.
C)Some medications require an acidic environment for proper absorption.
D)All of the above are important considerations.

Question 13

Which of the following side effects of Lotronex warrants a boxed warning?

A)Abdominal pain
B)Drowsiness
C)Headache
D)Ischemic colitis

Question 14

Proteins in food are broken down in the GI system to:

A)Glucose
B)Fatty acids
C)Amino acids
D)Nucleic acids

Question 15

Which of the following is considered to be a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?

A)GERD
B)Ulcerative colitis
C)Peptic ulcers
D)Constipation

Question 16

Bile is produced by the:

A)Liver
B)Pancreas
C)Small intestine
D)Appendix

Question 17

One difference between Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis is:

A)Crohn disease involves inflammation.
B)Crohn disease can affect the entire GI system.
C)Symptoms of Crohn disease include cramping and diarrhea.
D)Crohn disease may require dietary changes.

Question 18

Which of the following is an antidiarrheal medication?

A)Cephulac
B)Lomotil
C)Antivert
D)Colace

Question 19

Helicobacter pylori is one cause of:

A)Constipation
B)Peptic ulcers
C)Crohn disease
D)Flatulence

Question 20

Use of which of the following medications can contribute to the development of ulcers?

A)NSAIDs
B)Alcohol
C)Diuretics
D)Laxatives

Question 21

Bulk-forming agents are used for:

A)Constipation
B)Nausea
C)Diarrhea
D)A and C

Question 22

Which ingredient helps control flatulence?

A)Aluminum hydroxide
B)Bismuth subsalicylate
C)Psyllium
D)Simethicone

Question 23

The chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) can be activated by:

A)Smell, pain, and motion
B)Emotions
C)Chemotherapeutic agents
D)All of the above

Question 24

-prazole is the common generic ending for:

A)H₂-antagonists
B)PPIs
C)5-aminosalicylates
D)None of the above

Question 25

The generic name for Pepcid is:

A)Cimetidine
B)Famotidine
C)Nizatidine
D)Ranitidine

Question 26

Which type of laxative can lead to physical dependence?

A)Stool softeners
B)Bulk forming
C)Hyperosmotic
D)Stimulant

Question 27

Which of the following medications is a Schedule V (C-V) controlled substance medication?

A)ranitidine (Zantac)
B)pantoprazole (Protonix)
C)diphenoxylate/atropine (Lomotil)
D)dicyclomine (Bentyl)

Question 28

Adalimumab (Humira) for the treatment of Crohn disease is a(an):

A)Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) inhibitor
B)Alpha-4 integrin antagonist
C)5-Aminosalicylate
D)Antispasmodic medication

Question 29

What is the primary danger of untreated diarrhea?

A)Feeling uncomfortable
B)Developing an infection
C)Dehydration from fluid and electrolyte loss
D)Giving it to someone else

Question 30

Because metoclopramide (Reglan) for nausea and vomiting antagonizes dopamine receptors, it:

A)Cannot be used in patients with Parkinson disease
B)Carries a risk of tardive dyskinesias
C)Has few side effects
D)A and B