Deck 17: The East Asian World

Question 1

Arguably the greatest ruler in Chinese history was

A)Kangxi.
B)Hongwu.
C)Qianling.
D)Yongle.
E)Asoka.

Answer 1

Kangxi.

Question 2

The purpose of the Qing system known as dyarchy was

A)to maintain the Chinese exclusion from Manchu rule in China.
B)to assure the isolation of the Chinese from the Manchus in China.
C)a mechanism for the sharing of administrative positions by Manchus and Chinese.
D)to assure the Manchu administrative dictatorship of China.
E)to keep northern and southern China balanced politically.

Answer 2

a mechanism for the sharing of administrative positions by Manchus and Chinese.

Question 3

Lord Macartney convinced Emperor Qianlong to open Chinese ports to British trade.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The Ming Dynasty

A)under Yongle, had Chinese ships bring back Christian missionaries to China.
B)sent a fleet far into the Indian Ocean.
C)sent a huge army into Japan, which captured and held the city of Edo for one year until a debt owed to the Chinese government was paid.
D)saw their fleets reach the Mediterranean Sea.
E)dismantled the Great Wall as it was no longer needed for the defense of China.

Question 5

The activities of Western Christian missionaries reached their height of influence during Kangxi's reign.

Question 6

In comparing Mongol and Manchu rule in China, it can be accurately stated that the

A)Mongols were more successful than the Manchus.
B)Manchus were more successful than the Mongols.
C)Mongols were better at adapting to the ways of the Chinese than the Manchus.
D)Manchus produced a system of government in China in which there was absolutely no distinction made for Manchurian identification.
E)both succumbed to new invaders from the Asian steppes.

Question 7

The samurai reached the apex of the military prowess and influence during the Tokugawa shogunate.

Question 8

The decline of the Ming began during the reign of Kangxi.

Question 9

The first European sea-faring nation desiring to trade with China and who arrived in 1514 was

A)Britain.
B)the Netherlands
C)Spain.
D)Portugal.
E)France.

Question 10

The primary fighting force of Qing China was the

A)Persian and Uzbek janissary corps.
B)dyarchy.
C)green standard.
D)bannermen.
E)queues.

Question 11

The name of the Chinese dynasty established by the Manchus was the

A)Yuan.
B)Tang.
C)Ming.
D)Qing.
E)Han.

Question 12

The Portuguese base of operations in China, granted when they arrived in China, was the territory of

A)Xian.
B)Canton.
C)Macao.
D)Hong Kong.
E)Shanghai.

Question 13

The most effective and active of the Christian missionaries in China were the Calvinists from the Netherlands.​

Question 14

In many respects, the Chinese economy in the mid-Qing era was as advanced as its counterparts around the world.​

Question 15

After the expulsion of Christian missionaries and other Westerners, the Japanese allowed only the Dutch access to Japan.

Question 16

Chinese women had a higher status than women in other East Asian and Southeast Asian societies because of the heritage of Confucius.

Question 17

The arrival of the Portuguese did not have much effect on Chinese society.​

Question 18

The peasant revolt that brought down the preoccupied Ming Dynasty, and precipitated the ascension to control of the Manchus, was led by the disgruntled postal worker

A)Yuan Shi-Kai.
B)Li Zicheng.
C)Zheng Chenggong.
D)Koxinga.
E)Kangxi Lon.

Question 19

As a result of the controversy over the policy of Jesuit missionaries accommodating Chinese religious beliefs in order to facilitate conversion to Christianity,

A)the Pope permitted the Chinese to maintain their tradition of ancestor worship.
B)Kangxi's successors assisted in the suppression of Christianity in Japan.
C)the Pope forbade the practice of ancestor worship.
D)the Chinese emperors sent young Chinese boys to be educated in Rome.
E)China declared war against the West.

Question 20

There was a dramatic rise in commerce and manufacturing, especially in the growing cities, during the Tokugawa shogunate era.

Question 21

The first Jesuit missionary to arrive in Japan was

A)Matthew Ricci.
B)Ignatius Loyola.
C)Francis Xavier.
D)Peter Beckett.
E)Francis of Assisi.

Question 22

Probably the best-known artistic achievements of the Ming era were the famous

A)court paintings of the artists of Yangzhou.
B)silk masterpieces of the chinoiserie.
C)blue-and-white porcelain objects.
D)intricately carved lacquerware in bold shapes and colored cloisonné.
E)jade jewelry works.

Question 23

China's population had soared by the end of the 1700s because for all of the following reasons except

A)relative peace and stability had prevailed during the early years of Qing rule.
B)new crops had been introduced from the New World.
C)introduction of the development of faster growing Southeast Asian rice into China.
D)the political stability of China in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
E)the central government's termination of legal abortions.

Question 24

The Tokugawa shoguns exerted control over the daimyo by

A)heavily taxing their lands.
B)requiring the daimyo to marry into merchant families.
C)compelling the daimyo to maintain two residences, one in their own domain and one in Edo.
D)forbidding the daimyo ever to appear at Edo, the center of the shogun's rule.
E)transferring the daimyos' lands to the peasant class.

Question 25

The "Sacred Edict" delineating proper Confucian behavior was issued by

A)Kangxi.
B)Ming-Loi.
C)Wu Zhao.
D)the Duke of Kamchatka.
E)Yongle.

Question 26

The most powerful and lengthiest of all Japanese shogunates was begun by

A)Iza Shotoku.
B)Oda Nobunaga.
C)Toyotomi Hideyoshi.
D)Tokugawa Ieyasu.
E)Heidekei Hokkaido.

Question 27

Toyotomi Hideyoshi was able to accomplish all of the following except

A)rise from farmer's son to leader of Osaka and most other areas of Japan.
B)increase the area he controlled to include the islands of Shikoku and Kyushu.
C)was one of the three unifiers of Japan in the sixteenth century.
D)gain control of Korea.
E)create a national currency.

Question 28

China's population

A)had a majority of females over males as so many of the latter died in China's many wars.
B)was about 400,000,000 in 1395.
C)was stagnant between 1600 and 1700.
D)grew fast during the 1600 - 1800 period, reaching over 300,000,000 by 1800.
E)declined between 1600 and 1800 because of a renewal of the bubonic plague.

Question 29

The work that is considered to be China's most distinguished popular novel is

A)Monkey.
B)The Dream of the Red Chamber.
C)Gold Vase Plum.
D)The Golden Lotus.
E)The Riverbank.

Question 30

Hideyoshi expelled missionaries from his domain in 1587 because the missionaries were

A)supportive of the emperor rather than the shogun.
B)selling indulgences.
C)destroying local Christian religious shrines.
D)interfering in local Japanese political matters.
E)from France, whose revolutionary tradition was a concern to the shogun.

Question 31

The outstanding example of Chinese architecture during the Ming and early Qing eras is the

A)Dynastic City in Shanghai.
B)Forbidden City in Beijing.
C)Dynastic City in Canton.
D)Imperial City in Nanjing.
E)Coronic temple in Foochow.

Question 32

In their attempt to follow tradition, the Tokugawa ruled through a coalition of daimyo and a council of elders called the

A)eta.
B)han.
C)tozama.
D)bakufu.
E)fudai.

Question 33

The rule of the Qing was weakened by the

A)corrupt behavior of Heshen.
B)Vietnam Rebellion.
C)tsarist foreign policy toward Japan.
D)recall and destruction of the fleet by Yongle.
E)military take-over by Lord Macartney.

Question 34

Which of the following is accurate regarding of the effects of Qianlong's trade policy with England?

A)It showed Lord Macartney that he could not continue to attack the Emperor.
B)It set the stage for a future of harmonious trade relations between the two powers.
C)It showed the compromising nature of the Chinese attitude.
D)It set the stage for a future of Chinese degradation and decline.
E)The emperor encouraged the British to import opium from India to China.

Question 35

The separate territories, or domains, of the Tokugawa shogunate were called

A)han.
B)tozama.
C)bakufu.
D)fudai.
E)zirkit.

Question 36

Government under the Qing Dynasty

A)abandoned all of its Manchu roots.
B)gave Europeans preference over Chinese for civil service positions.
C)was actually no different than it had been under the Ming.
D)saw compromises made in the civil service examination system as positions were increasingly assigned to candidates who purchased their degrees.
E)although a dyarchy, in reality favored the Chinese over the Manchus.

Question 37

The modern-day name for the capital city of the Tokugawa shogunate is

A)Edo.
B)Tokyo.
C)Osaka.
D)Nagasaki.
E)Sapporo.

Question 38

In Qing China,

A)love was seen as a problem because it diverted a couple from their duties to the larger family.
B)a family unit might include members of only two living in one house.
C)realistic social novels were published in China only in the early twentieth century.
D)women held a uniquely honored position in the family because they bore the children.
E)romantic love was the norm.

Question 39

Concerning the role of women in traditional China, which of the following is NOT true?

A)Women could not participate in sacred family rituals.
B)Women could not aspire to roles in the government.
C)Women could not inherit property.
D)Women were prohibited, on penalty of death, from studying the Confucian classics.
E)women could not inherit property.

Question 40

The Japanese who seized Kyoto and spent his last years trying to consolidate his rule was

A)Yamato Ryutu.
B)Iza Shotoku.
C)Oda Nobunaga.
D)Toyotomi Hideyoshi.
E)Tokugawa Ieyasu.

Question 41

A major factor for the increased pace of industrial activity was due to​ growth of

A)​silk
B)cotton ​
C)​soybeans
D)​sugar
E)​tea.

Question 42

Korea

A)wanted to play a significant and public role in world affairs.
B)developed the most equitable and open civil service system in Asia to avoid having a government bureaucracy drawn from a single class.
C)developed a phonetic alphabet for writing the spoken Korean language in the 1400s.
D)was much more heavily urbanized than that of Japan by 1750.
E)invaded Japan twice during the seventeenth century.

Question 43

Tokugawa social classes ​included all of the following except:

A)​warriors
B)​intellectuals.
C)​artisans.
D)​peasants.
E)​merchants.

Question 44

All of the following are true about expulsion of Christians from Japan EXCEPT ​

A)​Toyotomi Hideyoshi was careful to distinguish missionary from trade activities.
B)​Spanish Franciscans renewed the Emperor's objections to Christians.
C)​Missionaries destroyed local shrines.
D)​the Pope claimed loyalty of all Japanese Christians.
E)​Dutch missionaries were allowed to stay in Edo.

Question 45

As a result of the King Sonjo of Korea refusing an alliance, ____ invaded the Korean Peninsula in 1592.

A)Oda Nobunaga
B)The Manchus
C)The Dutch
D)Toyotomi Hidiyoshi
E)The Ming Empire

Question 46

Japanese reception to Europeans was more enthusiastic than China, as demonstrated by

A)daimyo's fascination with firearms.
B)willingness to allow conversion missions of Dominican friars.
C)transition to hybridized silver coinage.
D)bilateral trade agreements with all Europeans.
E)an alliance against China.

Question 47

The White Lotus Rebellion occurred when​

A)Buddhists were required to use the Nichiren sutra.
B)​agricultural peasants were relocated to infertile lands.
C)​Emperor Kangxi made Christianity illegal in China
D)​Manchu forces attempted to invade Nerchinsk, Russia.
E)​intellectuals at court refused to shave their foreheads and wear their hair in the queue.

Question 48

All of the following were part of Japan's "Dutch learning" except

A)medicine.
B)theology.
C)astronomy.
D)languages.
E)oil painting.

Question 49

By the mid-eighteenth century, Edo was one of the world's largest cities, with a population of

A)100,000.
B)250,000.
C)500,000.
D)1,000,000.
E)2,500,000.

Question 50

By the eighteenth century, ____ had replaced ____ as the cloth of choice for most Japanese.

A)silk and leather
B)silk and wool
C)wool and cotton
D)silk and cotton
E)cotton and hemp

Question 51

In order to enhance its authority over the general population including the peasants, the shogunate relied upon

A)force and intimidation by samurai warriors.
B)high taxes.
C)Confucian maxims.
D)cheap food and entertainment.
E)restoring the emperor to power.

Question 52

The economic crisis in the late sixteenth century was primarily due to​

A)​collapse of the trading infrastructure within China.
B)​attacks from subordinate territories in Vietnam.
C)​Spanish piracy against Dutch shipping and trade.
D)​interruption of the silver imports from the Americas.
E)​a devastating plague that killed off nearly one-third of the taxpaying population.

Question 53

The joint family structure was highly valued for all of the following reasons EXCEPT​

A)​it allowed more people to provide labor in agriculture.
B)​younger family members would care for older ones.
C)​sons would have children with wives they brought to live with them.
D)​children would be hired out for menial tasks for supplemental income to the household.
E)​unmarried daughters continued to live in the household and provide labor and services.

Question 54

Which of the following is NOT a counterpoint to the argument that China was poised to be move into the industrial age?

A)There was a healthy respect for the merchant class in Chinese society.
B)Manufacturing and trade remained under control of the State.
C)Success was seen as accomplishing a career in the government bureaucracy.
D)Heavier taxes were levied on manufacture than agriculture.
E)The commercial middle class had little influence at court.

Question 55

Which of the following was NOT a factor of decline in the Ming Empire?​

A)​Corruption and syphoning of tax collections.
B)​Restoration of Confucianist ideals.
C)​Food shortages due to a "mini ice age."
D)​Decreased imports of silver from the Americas.
E)​Disturbances along the northern frontier.

Question 56

All of the following are correct about Vietnam in the seventeenth and early nineteenth centuries except

A)it was isolated from the major maritime trade routes.
B)it avoided losing territory to European colonial powers.
C)its population became increasingly diverse.
D)its population remained homogenous.
E)civil war split the Dai Viet into two squabbling territories.

Question 57

In Korea,

A)civil service examinations were based on the Lotus Sutra.
B)some aristocratic yangban became merchants, or even peasants, over time.
C)by 1700 the country became predominantly Christian as a consequence of European traders and missionaries.
D)China ruled the Koreans through the Chinese emperor's male relatives.
E)warfare against Japan was constant as the Korean kings hoped to make Japan a colony.

Question 58

Saikaku was a major Japanese novelist who wrote about

A)picturesque rural scenes.
B)alienated samurai.
C)five women ready to die for love.
D)the early development of kabuki.
E)a history of the Tokugawa shogunate.

Question 59

The Treaty of Nerchinsk resolved (that)

A)​Russian fur traders could sell goods in China.
B)​the port city of Vladivostok would pay tribute fees to the Qing Emperor.
C)​boundary disputes between Russia and China were negotiated by Jesuits.
D)​Russian envoys were exempt from performing the kowtow.
E)the ​Russian Orthodox Church could send missionaries into China.

Question 60

Unemployed samurai warriors were known as the

A)eta.
B)ronin.
C)yangban.
D)fudai.
E)tozama.

Question 61

Identify the following terms.
Qianlong

Question 62

Identify the following terms.
Beijing

Question 63

What contributed to the rise of literacy among common people?​

A)​Increased value of the "floating world."
B)​Influx of western texts
C)​Development of woodblock printing.
D)​Christian missionaries spreading the Bible.
E)​Expansion of education with the rise of mercantile policies.

Question 64

Identify the following terms.
Qing dynasty

Question 65

Identify the following terms.
Matteo Ricci, and Jesuits v. Dominicans and Franciscans

Question 66

Identify the following terms.
Heshen

Question 67

Identify the following terms.
Yongle

Question 68

Identify the following terms.
Zhu Yuanzhang

Question 69

Identify the following terms.
the queue

Question 70

The greatest artistic output of Tokugawa Japan was

A)silk tapestries
B)woodblock prints
C)soji screens
D)black ink wash
E)reflective gold foil

Question 71

Identify the following terms.
"bannermen"

Question 72

Identify the following terms.
dyarchy

Question 73

Identify the following terms.
the kowtow

Question 74

Identify the following terms.
Kangxi

Question 75

Identify the following terms.
White Lotus Rebellion

Question 76

Family life in Japan was very similar to China with the exception of​

A)​arranged marriages.
B)​female infanticide.
C)​joint family structure.
D)​education in the Confucian classics.
E)​women had less opportunity for education in the lower classes.

Question 77

Identify the following terms.
"Sacred Edict"

Question 78

Identify the following terms.
Li Zicheng

Question 79

Identify the following terms.
Ming dynasty

Question 80

Identify the following terms.
Manchus/Jurchen