Deck 13: Drinking and Alcoholism

Question 1

In what ethnic group do persons begin the practice of moderate drinking in childhood but view getting drunk as foreign to their culture?

A)Chinese
B)Southern Pentecostal
C)Jewish
D)Irish

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following American ethnic groups has the highest rate of alcoholism?

A)Latinos
B)Irish Americans
C)African Americans
D)Italians

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Italian and Chinese Americans

A)drink a lot and therefore have one of the highest rates of alcoholism.
B)have one of the lowest rates of alcoholism.
C)compete with the Irish for the heaviest drinking.
D)use drinking as a means to drown their sorrows and problems of life.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following groups of people have experienced a great increase in drinking in recent years?

A)women
B)college students
C)the unemployed
D)elderly people

Question 5

What drinking pattern would be more typical of the higher socioeconomic levels?

A)drinking as a part of deeply rooted cultural practices
B)drinking to avoid the pain of family breakdown
C)drinking as a way of exploiting women
D)drinking as a facilitator of social interaction

Question 6

The popular belief that drinking causes immoral behavior

A)leads many people away from drinking.
B)affects old people only.
C)tends to become a self-fulfilling prophecy.
D)causes people to drink wine only.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the long-term effects of drinking is TRUE?

A)Light drinkers live longer than complete abstainers.
B)Heavy drinkers live longer than the light drinkers.
C)Abstainers are the healthiest persons because they do not drink at all.
D)Even light drinkers can develop dangerous alcohol-related diseases such as cirrhosis of the liver and cardiomyopathy.

Question 8

"Binge drinking" is occurs at a rate of 38 percent among _____________.

A)women
B)college students
C)men
D)elderly people

Question 9

Alcohol is implicated in almost __________ of all violent crimes.

A)one-tenth
B)one-quarter
C)one-half
D)almost all

Question 10

Men are __________ times likely to become alcoholics compared to women.

A)two
B)three
C)four
D)five

Question 11

Which of the following statements about drinking and gender is NOT true?

A)Drinking is characteristically a male activity.
B)Drinking and drunkenness are more socially acceptable for males than for females.
C)More college women today are experiencing drinking problems.
D)Although men drink more than women,they are far less likely to get into trouble with drinking.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about drinking in America is FALSE?

A)Overall,Americans drink more today than before.
B)Alcohol is the most widely used of all psychoactive drugs.
C)The abuse of alcohol is the most widespread of all drug abuses.
D)The overwhelming majority of Americans do not have problems with drinking.

Question 13

Approximately __________ percent of Americans are alcoholics.

A)1
B)7
C)19
D)25

Question 14

The region that has the lowest alcohol consumption in the United States is the

A)Midwestern states.
B)Pacific Coast states.
C)Middle Atlantic states.
D)Southern states.

Question 15

Which of the following is a social consequence of alcohol abuse?

A)higher death rates
B)alcoholic myopathy
C)a loss of sexual performance
D)higher rates of criminal offenses

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the Chinese drinking culture?

A)drinking during family ceremonies
B)drinking during religious celebrations
C)looking at drunkenness with contempt
D)considering drunkenness as funny or comical

Question 17

Which of the following statements is NOT a myth about alcohol abuse?

A)Most alcoholics are homeless,"skid-row bums."
B)Mixing different kinds of alcoholic drinks can make a person drunk faster.
C)Drinking only beer is unlikely to make one an alcoholic.
D)A drinker may find it more difficult to perform sexually after several drinks.

Question 18

Which of the following is an effect of alcohol on sexual performance?

A)Drinking enhances overall sexual performance.
B)Drinking especially helps middle-age men sustain an erection.
C)Drinking makes a person feel less inhibited sexually.
D)Sex becomes more exciting after several drinks.

Question 19

Irish culture

A)accepts heavy drinking as normal.
B)denounces heavy drinking,but cannot do much about heavy drinking.
C)is no longer an important influence on the behavior of Irish people.
D)is not as important as the Church in controlling drinking behavior.

Question 20

All of the following are diseases caused by heavy drinking,EXCEPT for

A)cirrhosis of the liver.
B)cardiomyopathy.
C)coronary heart attacks.
D)alcoholic personality.

Question 21

Peter has a serious drinking problem and is seeking psychological counseling and therapy.Today,where might he go to receive this form of help?

A)the local jail
B)A hospital
C)a church,mosque,or synagogue
D)a community-based alcohol treatment center

Question 22

According to the social-psychological theory,the unique factor that turns individuals into alcoholics is the fit between vulnerable personality traits and

A)certain drinking-group values and activities.
B)the need for power.
C)genetic predispositions.
D)a breakdown in early religious training.

Question 23

Jane goes to a bar after work several nights a week to seek relief from job tensions.She is in the __________ stage of becoming an alcoholic.

A)first,prealcoholic
B)second,crucial
C)middle,crucial
D)final,chronic

Question 24

When an individual with a vulnerable drinking personality joins a drinking group,that group's beliefs support more drinking.Which of the following is NOT one of the drinking group's beliefs?

A)drinking as a sign of virility
B)drinking as a sign of masculine prowess
C)drinking should not get out of hand
D)being able to hold one's liquor

Question 25

Which of the following statements about college binge drinking is NOT true?

A)A large majority of college students are serious binge drinkers.
B)Binge drinkers are more likely to run into trouble with the police and have academic problems.
C)Binge drinkers cause secondhand effects on others,such as losing sleep or being insulted.
D)Many college students drink in moderation or abstain from alcohol.

Question 26

All of the following are factors that lie behind college binge drinking,EXCEPT for

A)social pressure to get drunk and fit in.
B)the stress from having to work hard for good grades.
C)the presence of music and TV shows that support binge drinking.
D)the adoption of a party-centered lifestyle.

Question 27

The major characteristic of the final,chronic stage of alcoholism is when a person

A)must have at least one drink every day.
B)hits bottom,engaging in a set of drinking sprees for days.
C)begins to have blackouts after several drinks.
D)hides drinking from others.

Question 28

One problem with saying that alcoholism is related to nutritional deficiencies,metabolic dysfunctions,or malfunctions of the central nervous system is that researchers cannot determine whether these problems are

A)the cause or the effect of alcohol.
B)physically or psychologically caused.
C)the result of social factors.
D)actually problems to begin with.

Question 29

Jane is an alcoholic.Her experiences are different from those of male alcoholics because she

A)receives less serious treatment by doctors and therapists.
B)drinks more on the job.
C)comes from a family with little history of alcoholism.
D)became an alcoholic before her husband developed a drinking problem.

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT one of the recent biological and genetic discoveries that might link alcoholism to preexisting genetic factors?

A)The flushing response is absent among alcoholics.
B)Persons with the A1 gene might be more vulnerable to alcoholism.
C)If an identical twin is alcoholic,the chances of the other identical twin becoming alcoholic are relatively high.
D)If a fraternal twin is alcoholic,the chances of the other fraternal twin becoming alcoholic are significantly higher.

Question 31

According to psychologist David McClelland,the need for __________ is the driving force behind alcoholism.

A)dependency
B)sex
C)respect
D)power

Question 32

According to the sociologist Robert Bales,several factors work together to produce high rates of alcoholism.Which of the following is one of those factors?

A)psychological vulnerability to alcoholism
B)a culturally induced attitude toward drinking as a way of relieving inner tensions
C)providing suitable substitute means other than drinking for resolving inner tensions
D)a culturally induced attitude toward drinking as a way of celebrating happy occasions

Question 33

One reason why more women drink today is

A)their heavy drinking has come out of the closet.
B)their increased power and freedom.
C)their adoption of moderate drinking norms.
D)their falling under the influence of male drinkers.

Question 34

How did the raising of the drinking age from 18 to 21 lead to more problems with drinking?

A)Students learned to drink more excessively from their professors and others.
B)Drinking took place more in the open,leading to more binge drinking.
C)Students grew angry at the new law and began to drink in defiance.
D)Drinking was driven underground,where it could more easily lead to binge drinking.

Question 35

In coping with culturally induced stress,Italians and Jews are likely to turn to eating and Muslims to strong coffee or hashish instead of drinking.This is because they

A)lack experience with using alcohol to deal with stress.
B)have been provided with culturally approved alternatives to the use of alcohol.
C)have no genetic predispositions toward drinking in their culture.
D)follow religions that prohibit all forms of drinking.

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a legal effort undertaken to control or ban drinking?

A)the establishment of Alcoholics Anonymous
B)President Clinton's sin tax on hard liquor
C)MADD's and SADD's attempts to change the drunk driver's law
D)raising the minimum drinking age to 21

Question 37

Southerners who drink

A)have the lowest alcohol consumption in the United States.
B)have higher rates of alcoholism and alcohol-related problems than those in other areas.
C)have lower rates of alcoholism than their counterparts in the Northeast and West.
D)are more likely to belong to a religious organization.

Question 38

Which of the following statements about the definition of alcoholism is FALSE?

A)There is no universally accepted definition of alcoholism.
B)Alcoholics can be identified on the basis of certain problems that they have as a result of drinking.
C)Alcoholism is a clearly defined and understood disease.
D)Alcoholism involves a compulsion to drink,causing damage to one's self and others.

Question 39

The Prohibition Movement of the 1920s originated mostly from

A)religious beliefs about the evils of alcohol.
B)a reform movement for helping the urban working class.
C)an attempt to control the powerless segments of society.
D)reform ideas brought to America by Irish and German immigrants.

Question 40

Joe had a serious drinking problem and visited a psychologist for several months.The psychologist discovered that Joe had an unfilled need for dependency that alcohol helped to cover.From a psychological perspective,Joe

A)does not have a support group to help him with drinking problems.
B)suffers from alcoholic depression.
C)belongs to an ethnic group that encourages drinking to solve problems.
D)has an "alcoholic personality."

Question 41

The same amount of alcohol has the same intoxicating effect on people of different sizes and weights.

Question 42

Though Italian Americans start drinking at a very young age,they have one of the lowest rates of alcohol problems.

Question 43

One result of raising the drinking age from 18 to 21 was to move drinking underground,where it could lead to binge drinking.

Question 44

Perhaps because of their drinking culture,Irish-Americans manage to have a relatively low rate of alcoholism.

Question 45

One reason more women drink today is because of more depression and frustration over their unequal status in American society.

Question 46

Persons who are in the psychologically addicted state of alcoholism cannot stop drinking even if they are determined to do so.

Question 47

Throughout the world,wine and beer have,over the last quarter century,become much more popular,while liquor has gotten less so.

Question 48

Some reasons that doctors have regarded alcoholism as a disease are nutritional deficiencies and genetic factors.

Question 49

In Jellinek's view,the prospective alcoholic begins as a social drinker.

Question 50

In countries where the prevalence of drinking is high,the gender difference in drinking is relatively small.

Question 51

Which of the following is part of the treatment program of Alcoholics Anonymous?

A)requiring members to admit that they are alcoholics and powerless over liquor
B)encouraging members to develop a rugged individualistic approach to drinking
C)encouraging members to maintain a moderate drinking pattern
D)urging members to seek psychotherapy

Question 52

There are proportionally more problem drinkers and alcoholics from the lower classes than from other classes.

Question 53

Although they consume more alcohol than women,men are NOT more likely to become alcoholic.

Question 54

According to sociologists,alcoholism develops from a social situation where psychologically vulnerable persons are pressured by drinking companions to drink heavily.

Question 55

Residents of cities and suburbs are about as likely as those of rural areas and small towns to drink.

Question 56

Some psychologists,such as William and Joan McCord,consider the need for dependency to be the key factor in the development of alcoholism.

Question 57

Most alcoholics are homeless and skid-row bums.

Question 58

Many researchers have a view toward alcoholism that is somewhat different from AA.Which of the following is part of their approach?

A)That alcoholics need to depend on the group to stay away from alcohol
B)That alcoholics can never really be cured of the disease of drinking
C)Seeing alcoholism as bad behavior that can be changed
D)An extensive use of drugs can take the place of alcohol to deal with stress

Question 59

Alcohol reduces a drinker's sensorimotor skill but not moral competence.

Question 60

Drinkers are more likely to be males,young,and liberal Protestants.

Question 61

Some researchers argue that alcoholics can maintain a moderate,controlled pattern of drinking.

Question 62

One important consequence of drinking is __________,such as public drunkenness,disorderly conduct,and vagrancy.

Question 63

Sociologists argue that,while culture can shape drinking patterns,alcoholism is due to personal problems and deficits.

Question 64

_______ drinking is the consuming of four to five or more drinks at one sitting and is a problem on college campuses.

Question 65

The increased power and freedom __________ enjoy has led to more drinking today.

Question 66

Proportionately more people of the __________ socioeconomic levels drink when compared with those of the lower levels

Question 67

The temperance movement eventually culminated in the enactment of the Eighteenth Amendment,popularly known as __________.

Question 68

What are some of the myths regarding alcohol abuse? What effect does alcohol have both mentally and physically?

Question 69

What are some of the social factors of drinking? Which groups are more likely to use or abuse alcohol,and why?

Question 70

Social-psychological theory explaining why some __________ become alcoholics but others do not.

Question 71

Prohibition refers to the constitutional amendment that prohibited the sale of alcohol in the 1920s and early 1930s and failed to achieve its goal.

Question 72

Summarize and comment on the social consequences of alcohol.What are those consequences,and why are they so severe?

Question 73

The largest and most successful organization for helping alcoholics is __________.

Question 74

Moving the drinking age to 21 has decreased car crashes and saved thousands of lives.

Question 75

Some use the label alcoholism because they consider it a disease,while others call it __________ because they see it as a behavior.

Question 76

How do some people become alcoholics? What are the stages through which a drinker progresses,and which one is the most crucial?

Question 77

Psychiatrists and psychologists have been far more effective in treating alcoholism than have organized groups of alcoholics and ex-alcoholics themselves.

Question 78

Compared with whites as a broad group,__________ are less likely to drink but significantly more likely to become alcoholics.

Question 79

According to the social-psychological approach to alcoholism,psychologically vulnerable individuals and their drinking __________ come together to generate a force that causes them to become alcoholics.

Question 80

The largest and most successful organization for helping alcoholics is AA.