Deck 8: Mental Disorder

Question 1

The most prominent feature of a personality disorder is

A)a blatant disregard for society's rules.
B)feelings of sadness,dejection,and self-deprecation.
C)phobias and other fears.
D)thinking and talking in unconventional,illogical,or ambiguous ways.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a neurosis?

A)manic depression
B)anxiety reaction
C)phobias
D)obsessions

Answer 2

A

Question 3

What has been called "the common cold of mental ailments"?

A)hallucination
B)paranoia
C)delusion
D)depression

Answer 3

D

Question 4

All of the following are reasons why the DSM-5 classification scheme falls short,EXCEPT that it

A)is merely descriptive.
B)is focused on symptoms and not on causes of problems.
C)is too focused on the social causes of mental disorders.
D)encourages the view that mental disorders are biologically caused diseases.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a cause of the organic type of mental illness?

A)head injuries
B)syphilis
C)lead poisoning
D)parental rejection

Question 6

The most common type of psychosis is

A)manic-depressive behavior.
B)obsessive-compulsive behavior.
C)anxiety reaction.
D)schizophrenia.

Question 7

In the psychosocially informed traditional classification system,mental disorder is divided into two large categories,the organic and the

A)dysfunctional.
B)functional.
C)dangerous.
D)abnormal.

Question 8

Which of the following examples of mental problems would most likely be defined as a personality disorder?

A)a crooked politician
B)a person with severe headaches
C)someone with an acute fear of heights
D)a very anxious person

Question 9

The public generally equates mental illness or distress only with serious mental disorder because

A)all mental disorders are severe.
B)every person has experienced a serious mental disorder at some time in their lives.
C)there is a stigma attached to mental disorder.
D)the public is very knowledgeable about mental disorders.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a myth about mental illness?

A)Most persons are more likely to experience depression during the summer months.
B)Mentally ill persons are extremely weird.
C)There is a sharp,clear distinction between "mentally ill" and "mentally healthy."
D)Mental illness is hopeless,mostly incurable.

Question 11

Joe was a sociologist who studied mental illness in a poor urban neighborhood whose residents have a high rate of mental illness.He discovered that many persons moving into the neighborhood from higher social classes had clear symptoms of mental illness,and that normal residents,when they could,moved out to a better neighborhood.His study would support the __________ explanation of the relations between class and mental illness.

A)social causation
B)organic
C)social drift
D)biomedical

Question 12

According to the authors,which statement about mental disorder is TRUE?

A)Mental disorder is a relatively rare form of deviance.
B)Mental disorder is basically biological in origin.
C)Virtually all of us can be said to be mentally ill at one time or another.
D)About one-half of us have symptoms that could be categorized as a mental disorder.

Question 13

According to the latest national survey,nearly __________ percent of all adult Americans have experienced at least one episode of psychiatric disorder during their lifetime.

A)10
B)20
C)30
D)50

Question 14

According to the text,while DSM-5 can be reliable for describing symptoms of mental illness,it does not necessarily

A)help psychiatrists understand mental disorders.
B)follow ethical guidelines.
C)explain how disorders differ from each other in terms of their causes.
D)provide a trustworthy analysis.

Question 15

Which of the following does NOT belong in the category of functional disorders?

A)psychosis
B)neurosis
C)psychosomatic illnesses
D)personality disorders

Question 16

If neurotics can identify the specific object of their anxiety,they are said to experience

A)hysteria.
B)compulsion.
C)obsession.
D)phobia.

Question 17

If a person experiences swings between two opposite extremes of mood,they might have

A)an organic disorder.
B)manic-depressive disorder.
C)a chemical imbalance.
D)schizophrenia.

Question 18

The text reports that psychiatrists have criticized the traditional classification system of mental disorders because its classification is

A)largely inaccurate.
B)too broadly and ambiguously defined.
C)substantially reliable but not valid.
D)always a little out of date.

Question 19

Most people suffer from depression during this season.

A)winter
B)spring
C)summer
D)fall

Question 20

If deviant behavior cannot be classified as psychotic or neurotic,a psychiatrist will classify it as a __________ disorder.

A)psychotic
B)personality
C)neurotic
D)organic

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a cause of increased depression among the young in recent decades?

A)a shortage of psychiatric services
B)lack of parental love and affection
C)increases in social stress
D)reduced social resources for dealing with social stress

Question 22

One consequence of the stereotypes the public and others hold of the mentally ill is that people with ordinary emotional problems

A)are more likely to resort to drugs.
B)get early and effective treatment from professionals.
C)are stigmatized as moral lepers.
D)do not seek help because it is too expensive.

Question 23

According to a study,highly educated young people are _________ uneducated old people to see the mentally ill as dangerous,dirty,unpredictable,and worthless.

A)as likely as
B)more likely than
C)much less likely than
D)extremely less likely than

Question 24

Because of the closing of many state-run mental health facilities,most of the court-appointed patients in these institutions

A)are released to halfway houses.
B)are confined in prisons.
C)are released to family.
D)are released to society pending that they participate in ongoing mandatory counseling.

Question 25

The unprofessional but effective method of treatment provided by friends and family within the context of a community mental health center is called

A)network therapy.
B)informal psychotherapy.
C)drug therapy.
D)family therapy.

Question 26

In Latin America,some people are tormented by the pathological fear that their souls have left their bodies.This disorder reflects

A)a strong cultural fear of witchcraft.
B)a strong cultural belief religion.
C)a strong cultural value of mental soundness.
D)a strong cultural condemnation of sinful thoughts.

Question 27

Many sociologists and psychiatrists assume that the urban environment is likely to induce mental problems through

A)overwhelmingly dirty air and water.
B)too many rules,leading to overly restrictive lifestyles.
C)support for acting-out disorders.
D)an abundance of physical and social stresses.

Question 28

Evidence shows that genetic vulnerability to mental illness cannot by itself lead to mental disorder,because it may have to be triggered by

A)a psychological disorder.
B)chemical imbalance.
C)a psychosocial force.
D)the misuse of an antipsychotic drug.

Question 29

All of the following are ways that cultural forces can shape mental disorder,EXCEPT that

A)mental disorders can vary from one culture to another.
B)some cultures have values like individualism that can lead to mental disorder.
C)some cultures have created ways of life where no symptoms of mental disorders exist.
D)the symptoms of a given mental disorder may vary from one culture to another.

Question 30

In order for a person to undergo involuntary hospitalization for an indefinite period,the person must first be

A)convicted of a crime.
B)charged with a crime.
C)arrested for a suspected crime.
D)judged by the court-appointed psychiatrist as dangerous to themselves or others.

Question 31

Which of the following is true in regards to race and mental illness?

A)Minorities are consistently shown to experience higher rates of psychiatric distress.
B)Minorities are consistently shown to experience lower rates of psychiatric distress.
C)Minorities generally experience the same rates of psychiatric problems as whites.
D)Research is mixed on the effect that minority status has on psychiatric problems.

Question 32

How many veterans with PTSD seek treatment?

A)fewer than half
B)all of them
C)fewer than one-fourth
D)none of them

Question 33

According to the text,which group is the LEAST likely to become mentally ill?

A)teenagers
B)young adults
C)the middle-aged
D)the elderly

Question 34

According to the _______,the accused are not guilty if they are mentally ill,because their crime is considered the "product" of their mental illness.

A)Rule of Thumb
B)M'Naghten Rule
C)Durham Rule
D)Goffman Rule

Question 35

In 1793,Phillippe Pinel developed a new way of treating the mentally ill that urged mental patients to have hope and confidence in themselves.He called his approach

A)social work.
B)psychotherapy.
C)moral treatment.
D)mental hygiene.

Question 36

Compared with women,men are less likely to have

A)paranoia.
B)anxiety attacks.
C)antisocial personality.
D)drug abuse disorder.

Question 37

All of the following are reasons why network therapy tends to be a more effective form of therapy EXCEPT

A)network therapy relies on genuine compassion and empathy.
B)traditional therapy emphasizes medications alone to treat an illness.
C)traditional psychiatrists are too formal.
D)network therapy has been in use for decades longer than traditional psychiatry,and thus is more advanced.

Question 38

The mental hospital is a _______ where patients are cut off from the greater society and lead an enclosed,regimented life.

A)mental hospital.
B)total institution.
C)prison.
D)mental health center.

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT a condition associated with "hospitalitis," which patients tend to develop in mental institutions?

A)a deep sense of hopelessness
B)a strong desire to kill hospital staff
C)a pervasive loss of initiative
D)a deterioration of social skills

Question 40

All of the following are types of evidence that support the medical model of mental illness,EXCEPT for

A)the study of identical and fraternal twins.
B)the effectiveness of antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs.
C)the advances in genetic theories of mental illness.
D)drugs' ability to eliminate the cause of mental illness.

Question 41

The most prominent feature of personality disorders is blatant disregard for society's rules.

Question 42

Most mentally ill people appear normal.

Question 43

According to Freud's theory of psychoanalysis,mental illnesses are the results of conflict between the following components:

A)id and the ego
B)ego and the superego
C)id and the superego
D)All of the above

Question 44

According to Thomas Scheff,most mental illness is

A)the cause of labeling.
B)a type of moral disorder.
C)residual rule breaking.
D)psychological in nature.

Question 45

Psychosis is typified by a loss of touch with reality and neurosis by an inability to face reality.

Question 46

Virtually all of us can be said to be mentally ill at one time or another.

Question 47

One symptom of neurosis is anxiety reaction,which is a generalized,vague,freely floating apprehension.The object of apprehension cannot be identified.

Question 48

The most prominent feature of sociopathic or character disorders is a blatant disregard for society's rules.

Question 49

According to social stress theory,if persons do not have _____________,stress might lead to serious mental disorders.

A)resolved personality conflicts
B)a strong biological and genetic make-up
C)coping resources such as social support and self-esteem
D)coping resources such as a strong personality structure and rigid self-discipline

Question 50

Most of the mentally ill,whether they are hospitalized or not,are extremely disturbed.

Question 51

In the traditional classification system,mental illness is divided into two broad types: personality and functional disorders.

Question 52

Personality disorder is the general category for all sorts of mental disorders that cannot be diagnosed as either psychotic or neurotic.

Question 53

Despite the advances made in the mental health fields,people still attach stigmas to mental disorders.

Question 54

The British psychiatrist R.D.Laing sees mental illness as

A)a label.
B)a form of supersanity.
C)a psychoanalytic phenomenon.
D)a biomedical problem.

Question 55

After attempting to assassinate the president,John Hinkley was

A)found guilty and sentenced to prison.
B)immediately committed to a mental institution.
C)deemed unfit to stand trial.
D)acquitted by reason of insanity in court.

Question 56

Thomas Szasz has referred to mental illness as

A)a problem in living.
B)neurosis and psychosis.
C)a problem in role playing.
D)a type of supersanity.

Question 57

What is defined today by the American Psychiatric Association as a mental illness may not be defined in the same way in the future.

Question 58

Only a small percentage of the American population suffers from psychological disorders.

Question 59

Television and schooling have led to a dramatic reduction in the public's negative attitude toward the mentally ill.

Question 60

Joe is a psychiatrist who works with mental patients and searches for the cause in some unresolved conflict in the patient's childhood.He is probably using __________ theory.

A)behavioral
B)psychoanalytic
C)labeling
D)biomedical

Question 61

Social stress can cause mental illness if a person's coping resources are inadequate.

Question 62

What is deemed as a mental disorder in one society may not necessarily be deemed as one in another.

Question 63

Teenagers more than others become overwhelmed with certain stressful events and lack social resources to deal with these problems.

Question 64

Depression and anxiety are more common in women than men.

Question 65

At various times in the past,the mentally ill have been seen as gifted,possessing an evil spirit,and dangerous.

Question 66

________ is more serious than neurosis and personality,or character,disorder.

Question 67

The Durham Rule,which says that a criminal act could be regarded as the product of mental illness,has not won support of the psychiatric profession.

Question 68

The definition of mental illness is relative and is contingent on the social norms of the society in question.

Question 69

The symptoms and types of mental disorder are remarkably similar in cultures around the world.

Question 70

PTSD is not classified as a mental illness.

Question 71

Persons who think and talk in unconventional,illogical,or ambiguous ways and express emotions inappropriately are termed __________.

Question 72

According to many advocates of the labeling perspective,mental illness is a myth.

Question 73

The staff incompetence and patient dehumanization of many mental hospitals have led to poor care for the mentally ill.

Question 74

According to the psychosocial model,most mental disorders can be traced to genetic or biological defects in the individual.

Question 75

All of the studies of the relation of social class to mental illness conclusively show that poverty is a major cause.

Question 76

Some research has suggested that African Americans are more likely to show paranoid disorders while whites tend to have depressive symptoms.

Question 77

One criticism of labeling theory is that it ignores the fact that mentally disturbed behavior is real.

Question 78

Network therapy in community health centers seems to do a better job in treating mental disorder than professional psychiatrists because it utilizes genuine compassion and empathy.

Question 79

The majority of people who suffer from mental disorders appear __________.

Question 80

One criticism of the DSM-5 classification system is that it defines too many ordinary problems as mental disorders.