Deck 11: Motivating and Leading

Question 1

Work centrality refers to ________.

A)the division of work roles between men and women in a given society
B)the degree of general importance that working has in the life of an individual at any given point in time
C)the concentration of work networks in a given region
D)employee attitudes toward leaders

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following is true about collectivist cultures?

A)People place high emphasis on autonomy, opportunities for personal achievements, and a work-life balance.
B)People are motivated when they feel that the company is providing them with good working conditions, fringe benefits, and training.
C)People typically opt for high pay, personal accomplishment, and job advancement.
D)People typically opt for risky opportunities for variety and fast-track advancement.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following is true about highly feminine cultures?

A)Opportunities for individual advancement and autonomy are the driving factors for people in feminine cultures.
B)People are more comfortable with the traditional division of work and roles.
C)The division of work and roles tend to be looser, motivating people through more flexible roles and work networks.
D)People are motivated by risky opportunities for variety and fast-track advancement.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Low power distance implies that ________.

A)people would be more likely to prefer an autocratic leadership style
B)most people would be more comfortable with the traditional division of work and roles
C)people would be more motivated by teamwork and relations with peers
D)most people would be more comfortable with a clear distinction between managers and subordinates rather than with a blurring of decision-making responsibility

Question 5

A study of average work hours in various countries conducted by Steers found that ________ worked longer hours and took fewer vacation days.

A)Koreans
B)Japanese
C)British
D)Indonesians

Question 6

In the Middle East, ________ plays a major role in all aspects of life, including work.

A)religion
B)materialism
C)individualism
D)leisure

Question 7

In individualistic cultures, employees typically value their autonomy, and are unlikely to be motivated by fringe benefits and training provided by the employer.

Question 8

Which of the following is true, according to the MOW research study on work centrality?

A)The British are indifferent to leisure.
B)The Japanese hold leisure to be very important in their lives.
C)The British hold work to be very important in their lives.
D)The Japanese hold work to be very important in their lives.

Question 9

Low power distance implies that people would be more motivated by teamwork and relations with peers.

Question 10

People with high uncertainty avoidance are motivated by more risky opportunities for variety and fast-track advancement.

Question 11

People generally prefer little consultation between superiors and subordinates in cultures where ________ is high.

A)power distance
B)fatalism
C)individualism
D)self-actualization

Question 12

People in countries with a high level of national individualism are more likely to be motivated by opportunities for personal advancement.

Question 13

For most people, the basic meaning of work is tied to ________.

A)self-actualization needs
B)subordinateship
C)group membership
D)economic necessity

Question 14

Blackmoor Industries is an American firm that manufactures automotive parts.The firm has several manufacturing facilities in the United States and one in a foreign country.Blackmoor's global managers have recently reported that workers in the foreign facility are more comfortable with the traditional division of work and roles.Consequently, flexible roles and work networks are unlikely to find favor in this particular facility, unlike in those spread across the United States.If the above information is true, which of the following can be fittingly inferred?

A)Blackmoor's foreign facility is located in a low uncertainty avoidance culture.
B)Blackmoor's foreign facility is located in a highly individualist culture.
C)Blackmoor's foreign facility is located in a masculine culture.
D)Blackmoor's foreign facility is located in a low power distance culture.

Question 15

Which of the following is true with regard to Japanese workers?

A)Japanese workers consider work to be less important in their lives compared to leisure.
B)Japanese workers are typically lazy and are not dedicated to group goals.
C)Japanese workers typically feel strong kinship to their employers.
D)Japanese workers do not consider friendship to be an integral part of the workplace.

Question 16

Which of the following is characterized by low dependence on an organization and a desire for personal time, freedom, and challenges?

A)collectivism
B)democracy
C)individualism
D)anarchy

Question 17

________ suggests being motivated by more risky opportunities for variety and fast-track advancement.

A)Low uncertainty avoidance
B)High uncertainty avoidance
C)Small power distance
D)Large power distance

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true according to the MOW research study?

A)The Japanese hold work to be of minimal significance in their lives.
B)Arabs do not take work seriously.
C)Israelis derive a higher level of interest and satisfaction from work as compared with the Germans.
D)The British regard work to be the most important aspect in their lives.

Question 19

________ research focused on how some people are motivated by internal aspirations and life goals, whereas others are primarily motivated by the job conditions.

A)Henry Mintzberg's
B)Henri Fayol's
C)Abraham Maslow's
D)Frederick Herzberg's

Question 20

The degree of general importance that working has in the life of an individual at any given point in time is called ________.

A)intrinsic motivation
B)extrinsic motivation
C)self-actualization
D)work centrality

Question 21

With regard to transitioning economy in Russia, Russian managers primarily emphasize ________.

A)self-esteem
B)job security
C)intellectual capital
D)self-actualization

Question 22

The context of leadership comprises ________.

A)clarity of information available in host area
B)the technical knowledge of the leader
C)the business environment
D)the communication skills of the leader

Question 23

In the context of needs, Eastern cultures tend to focus on ________.

A)the needs of the individual
B)the needs of society
C)materialistic needs
D)self-actualization needs

Question 24

________ refers to the ability to recognize global market opportunities for a company and having a vision of doing business worldwide.

A)Cross-cultural awareness
B)Global business savvy
C)Global positioning
D)Technology savvy

Question 25

Define work centrality.Highlight the most valuable insights provided by the Meaning of Work (MOW)research team about the value of work
W)research team about the value of work.

Question 26

Which of the following is one of the typical roles managers on international assignments must often play to enhance leadership effectiveness?

A)representative of competing firms
B)manager of the local firm
C)cultural representative of the host country
D)cultural representative of the neighboring country

Question 27

Which of the following is true with regard to the global leader's role?

A)Managers on international assignments do not represent the parent firm.
B)The global leader's role comprises the interaction of two sets of variables, technology and information.
C)The cumulative effects of one or more weak managers hardly have a significant negative impact on the ability of the organization to meet its objectives.
D)Managers on international assignments try to maximize leadership effectiveness by juggling several important, and sometimes conflicting, roles.

Question 28

________ involves the ability to inspire and influence the thinking, attitudes, and behavior of people anywhere in the world.

A)Effective global leadership
B)An ethnocentric approach to management
C)Effective repatriation
D)An autocratic style of leadership

Question 29

The global leader's role comprises the interaction of two sets of variables, ________.

A)the content and the context of leadership
B)technology and information
C)democratic leadership and autocratic leadership
D)differentiation and integration

Question 30

Increasingly, global companies are requiring that their managers who will progress to top management positions must ________.

A)adopt an ethnocentric approach to management
B)have overseas assignment experience
C)adhere to an autocratic style of leadership
D)refrain from empowering subordinates

Question 31

The degree of general importance that working has in the life of an individual at any given point in time is known as work centrality.

Question 32

The content of leadership comprises ________.

A)community relations
B)the attributes of the leader
C)the level of risk faced by the leader
D)the business environment

Question 33

Managers around the world have similar needs but show differing levels of satisfaction of those needs derived from their jobs.

Question 34

The critical factors necessary for successful leadership abroad have come to be known as the ________.

A)global logistics
B)global mindset
C)cultural diversity
D)cultural quotient

Question 35

What is the difference between masculine and feminine cultures? What does recent research reveal about masculine and feminine cultures?

Question 36

The task of ________ is the essence of leadership.

A)maintaining the status quo
B)helping management reduce costs
C)helping employees realize their highest potential in the workplace
D)insulating the organization from changes in the external business environment

Question 37

Which of the following refers to one of the four personal development strategies, outlined by Morrison, Gregersen, and Black, through which companies and managers can meet the requirements of effective global leadership?

A)global positioning
B)hiring
C)training
D)technology

Question 38

Japanese workers are likely to ________.

A)emphasize personal goals over group-wide goals
B)be motivated by materialistic rewards
C)be insulted by material incentives
D)emphasize individual achievement over group achievement

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT one of the typical characteristics of a successful leader with a global mindset?

A)high flexibility
B)personal autonomy
C)emotional resilience
D)low cultural quotient

Question 40

Anna Preston is a senior manager in a high-technology company in the United States.She has an in-depth knowledge of her company's resources, and the ability to recognize and exploit market opportunities abroad.Her thorough understanding of how the business and people operate at the local level in international markets makes her an invaluable asset to her company.Anna is ________.

A)global business savvy
B)an authoritarian leader
C)an enthnocentric manager
D)a self-protective leader

Question 41

Global business savvy refers to the ability to recognize global market opportunities for a company and to have a vision of doing business worldwide.

Question 42

The authoritative leader is one who delegates decision making and encourages subordinates to take responsibility.

Question 43

________ is/are the most common reason(s)given by Mexican workers for absenteeism and for failing to return to work.

A)Personal illness
B)Family reasons
C)Job dissatisfaction
D)Transportation costs

Question 44

Mike Norris was assigned as a business manager at an American MNC's Russian subsidiary.In order to motivate his subordinates, Mike delegated limited authority to some of them.However, it did not work out as he expected.Which of the following is most likely the reason behind the plan's failure?

A)Workers in Russia are less likely to use their own judgment in making decisions.
B)The Russian culture is characterized by a low power distance.
C)The Russian culture is highly individualistic in nature.
D)Workers in Russia prefer self-managed work teams.

Question 45

The global mindset of successful leaders is characterized by personal autonomy and emotional resilience.

Question 46

Most managers in Mexico find that the management style that works best there is ________.

A)democratic
B)authoritative
C)theocratic
D)consultative

Question 47

Briefly describe the personal work style of a leader with a global mindset.What comprises a global leader's role?

Question 48

Rewarding the individual is frowned upon in ________ because it encourages competition rather than the desired group cooperation.

A)Taiwan
B)the United States
C)Canada
D)Japan

Question 49

Which of the following is an effect of e-business on leadership?

A)Global leaders are obliged to adopt an ethnocentric approach to management in order to check the transformation of large corporations.
B)Individual managers are obliged to adapt to the hyperspeed environment of e-business, as well as to the need for visionary leadership in a whole new set of competitive industry dynamics.
C)The pace of international business has slowed down considerably resulting in a overall decline in efficiencies.
D)The importance of rigid organizational structure has increased.

Question 50

Which of the following is typical of the Mexican business culture?

A)flat organizational structure
B)self-leadership
C)resistance to change
D)bottom-up decision making

Question 51

Briefly describe the impact of e-business on leadership.

Question 52

E-Business necessitates the adaptation of individual managers to the hyperspeed business environment, as well as to the need for visionary leadership in a whole new set of competitive industry dynamics.

Question 53

The context of leadership comprises the attributes of the leader and the decisions to be made.

Question 54

Which of the following is true about the Mexican culture?

A)Scheduling and time management are of utmost importance.
B)Harmony in the workplace is extremely important.
C)Workers expect leaders to involve them in decision making.
D)Business takes priority over family and friends.

Question 55

The continued prevalence of authoritative leadership in Russia has resulted in ________.

A)flatter organizational structures
B)increased participation of employees in the decision-making process
C)the dissolution of the status quo
D)vertically managed hierarchies

Question 56

An employee's needs are determined largely by ________.

A)the organizational goals of the company he or she is a part of
B)the cultural context of values and attitudes
C)peer groups
D)reference groups

Question 57

Which of the following helps explain why Maslow's higher-order needs are generally not very high on most Mexican workers' lists of needs?

A)an absence of free trade zones in the country
B)a low regard for family and personal relationships
C)a relatively low standard of living for most workers
D)a high rate of absenteeism in the maquiladoras

Question 58

In Mexico, ________ is of central importance.

A)individual objective
B)work
C)timeliness
D)family

Question 59

Which of the following does NOT accurately characterize workers in the Mexican culture?

A)They rank high on collectivism.
B)They rank high on power distance.
C)They rank low on individualism.
D)They rank low on uncertainty avoidance.

Question 60

Which of the following is true with regard to Mexican workers?

A)Mexican workers need more reassurance than employees in the United States.
B)Mexican workers tend to emphasize work over family.
C)The incidence of absenteeism is substantially low among Mexican workers.
D)Pure business relationships are highly regarded by Mexican workers.

Question 61

Blackmoor Industries is an American firm that manufactures automotive parts.Blackmoor has two manufacturing facilities in the United States and one in a foreign country.Blackmoor's global managers have recently reported that they are having difficulty motivating their employees to meet various deadlines and production quotas.Which of the following undermines the argument that Blackmoor's global managers should implement a merit-based reward system to motivate individual employees?

A)Blackmoor's foreign facility is located in Korea, a country characterized by a traditional value system.
B)The employees in Blackmoor's foreign facility belong to a highly individualistic culture.
C)Blackmoor's foreign facility is located in Canada.
D)The employees in Blackmoor's foreign facility favor a democratic style of leadership.

Question 62

Industry leaders in France and Italy are highly regarded for their ________.

A)social prominence
B)appreciation of science
C)rigidity
D)xenocentrism

Question 63

Which of the following traits is considered an impediment to leadership effectiveness according to the GLOBE Project?

A)dictatorial
B)individualistic
C)status-conscious
D)self-sacrificial

Question 64

In which of the following countries would a merit-based reward system most likely be effective?

A)South Korea
B)Taiwan
C)Japan
D)the United States

Question 65

The ________ dimension describes a leader who is self-centered, conflictual, and status conscious.

A)humane
B)team-oriented
C)participative
D)self-protective

Question 66

The ________ model of leadership style has been recommended by American research studies as the one more likely to have positive results with most U.S.employees.

A)autocratic
B)authoritarian
C)self-protective
D)participative

Question 67

A merit-based reward system would be ineffective in Taiwan because such a system would most likely ________.

A)violate the traditional value system
B)hinder social networking
C)discourage junior employees
D)hinder productivity

Question 68

Modern leadership theory recognizes that ________.

A)no single leadership style works well in all situations
B)the charismatic style of leadership works well in all situations
C)the democratic style of leadership works well in all situations
D)the democratic, or participative, leadership style is less likely to have positive results with U.S. employees

Question 69

Most managers in Mexico find that the management style that works best there is authoritative and paternal.

Question 70

The Mexican culture, generally, is "doing-oriented," compared to the "being-oriented" culture that prevails in the rest of North America.

Question 71

Which of the following is a negatively regarded trait of a leader?

A)effective bargainer
B)dictatorial
C)participative
D)autonomous

Question 72

In the Mexican culture, family and relationships are highly valued.How does this cultural norm affect work and business in Mexico?

Question 73

What role does culture play in the motivational process? Why is it important to understand the different motivational patterns across cultures?

Question 74

In the Mexican culture, the workers expect the managers to delegate authority and encourage participation.

Question 75

A team-oriented leader is someone who ________.

A)asserts the interests of the team over larger organizational goals
B)exhibits diplomatic, integrative, and collaborative behaviors toward the team
C)who lacks compassion for subordinates
D)is self-centered, conflictual, and status conscious

Question 76

Which of the following is NOT one of the typical reward categories in the United States?

A)job content
B)cultural
C)financial
D)social status

Question 77

In the United States, rewards usually fall into five categories: financial, social status, job content, career, and professional.

Question 78

Which of the following is considered to be an incentive in China and gives workers more power?

A)low risk aversion
B)alignment with participatory style of leadership
C)training
D)networking

Question 79

The critical factors necessary for successful leadership abroad have come to be known as the cultural quotient.

Question 80

A visionary leader who inspires subordinates and is performance-oriented would be best described as a(n)________ leader.

A)charismatic
B)autocratic
C)dictatorial
D)self-protective