Deck 5: Our Sexual Selves

Question 1

Pauline is attracted to persons of either sex. Pauline is

A) heterosexual.
B) homosexual.
C) bisexual.
D) transsexual.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Whether a same-sex orientation finds expression is clearly affected by __________, apart from or in conjunction with any genetic dispositions.

A) parenting
B) childhood development
C) environment
D) brain chemistry

Answer 2

C

Question 3

According to the text, human beings are sexual beings__________

A) after puberty.
B) from the time they are sexually active until they cease to engage in sexual behavior.
C) throughout their entire lives.
D) from the time of their first romantic relationship.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The __________ perspective sees sex as a focus of norms designed to regulate sexuality so that it facilitates responsible reproduction.

A) structure-functional
B) social conflict
C) biosocial
D) attachment

Question 5

Early sexual behavior peaks at age five, declining thereafter until __________

A) sexual attraction first manifests itself around age 11 or 12.
B) the same-sex group stage begins around age 8 or 9.
C) the later teen years.
D) sexual activity begins, when a sexual partner is found.

Question 6

No specific _____________ differences between heterosexuals and gays have been conclusively established.

A) behavioral
B) genetic
C) socialization
D) developmental

Question 7

According to the __________ perspective, men are inclined toward casual sex with many partners, whereas women are inclined to be selective and monogamous.

A) structure-functional
B) biosocial
C) exchange
D) interactionist

Question 8

Children are maturing about __________ than they were one hundred years ago.

A) a year earlier
B) two years earlier
C) a year later
D) two years later

Question 9

Until fairly recently, it was stated that about __________ percent of adult individuals are gay or lesbian. However, current research suggests that the proportion is probably lower.

A) 1
B) 5
C) 10
D) 20

Question 10

Freud, Kinsey, and many present-day psychologists and biologists maintain that humans are inherently__________; that is, we all have the latent physiological and emotional structures necessary for responding sexually to either sex.

A) heterosexual
B) homosexual
C) transexual
D) bisexual

Question 11

In our culture, what does the phrase "coming out" mean in terms of sexual orientation?

A) beginning puberty
B) starting to experiment sexually
C) identifying oneself as gay to others
D) choosing a bisexual orientation

Question 12

Jean is attracted only to opposite-sex partners. Jean is

A) heterosexual.
B) homosexual.
C) bisexual.
D) transsexual.

Question 13

In the exchange perspective, what a person expects out of a relationship is referred to as

A) relative orientation.
B) perspective.
C) comparison level.
D) satisfaction level.

Question 14

A newly identified sexual orientation is characterized by a lack of sexual attraction to others. What is this sexual orientation called?

A) nonsexuality
B) asexuality
C) neutrality
D) sexual dormancy

Question 15

Richard is attracted to same-sex partners. Richard is

A) transsexual.
B) homosexual.
C) bisexual.
D) heterosexual.

Question 16

From a(n) __________ perspective, we consider that humans are designed for the purpose of transmitting their genes to the next generation.

A) interactionist
B) social conflict
C) structure functional
D) biosocial

Question 17

Which theoretical perspective views the concepts "bisexual," "heterosexual," and "homosexual" as social inventions?

A) attachment
B) social conflict
C) interactionist
D) systems

Question 18

As the age of puberty has declined, the age at marriage has ___________

A) declined also.
B) remained the same.
C) risen.
D) gone up and down, depending on the culture.

Question 19

Jacob has a partner of the opposite sex. This behavior involves Jacob's

A) gender role.
B) masculinity.
C) sexual orientation.
D) gender identity.

Question 20

Pediatric researchers have studied "normative" sexual behavior in young children (ages 2-5).
Which of the following is NOT one of these behaviors?

A) trying to touch their mother's breasts
B) rhythmic manipulation of their own genitals
C) trying to look at others who are nude or undressing
D) showing interest in kissing the opposite sex

Question 21

Which standard of nonmarital sex reflects "casual sex?"

A) the double standard
B) permissiveness with affection
C) permissiveness without affection
D) abstinence

Question 22

Within the scope of __________ sexuality, orgasm is important for women as well as for men, and sex is not only, or even primarily, for reproduction, but is an important means of enhancing human intimacy.

A) patriarchal
B) instrumental
C) expressive
D) postmodern

Question 23

Which U.S. Supreme Court decision first stated a right of "marital privacy," which made contraception widely available in all U.S. states?

A) Bowers v. Hardwick
B) Carey v. Population Services
C) Eisenstadt v. Baird
D) Griswold v. Connecticut

Question 24

In all couple types studied by Kurdek-gay, lesbian, heterosexual cohabitants, and married couples-within each group, sexual satisfaction was associated with

A) general relationship satisfaction.
B) variety of sexual expression.
C) individual expertise in love making.
D) age at first encounter.

Question 25

In the __________ model of sexual satisfaction, satisfaction is seen to depend on the costs and rewards of a sexual relationship.

A) interactionist
B) interpersonal exchange
C) social conflict
D) developmental

Question 26

In a(n) __________ society, sex is defined as a physiological activity, valued for its procreative potential.

A) patriarchal
B) matriarchal
C) egalitarian
D) culturally diverse

Question 27

Expressive sexuality emerged in the __________ century.

A) 18th
B) 19th
C) 20th
D) 21st

Question 28

Regardless of the circumstances, Julie believes that nonmarital intercourse is wrong for both women and men. Julie's point of view reflects which standard of nonmarital sex?

A) permissiveness with affection
B) permissiveness without affection
C) abstinence
D) the double standard

Question 29

According to the text, perhaps the most significant change in sexuality since the sexual revolution, among heterosexuals at least, has been in __________ sex.

A) extramarital
B) marital
C) premarital
D) conjugal

Question 30

The interactionist perspective emphasizes the interpersonal negotiation of relationships in the context of

A) sexual scripts.
B) exchange components.
C) comparison level.
D) gender identity.

Question 31

A recent NORC survey concluded that Americans have sex mainly with people we know and care about. This reflects which standard of nonmarital sex?

A) permissiveness with affection
B) abstinence
C) the double standard
D) permissiveness without affection

Question 32

According to the __________ theoretical perspective on human sexuality, women and men are seen as being influenced by cultural messages about how we are to be sexual.

A) developmental
B) interpersonal exchange
C) interactionist
D) structure functional

Question 33

Which of the following statements best defines expressive sexuality?

A) Sexuality is one-sided and is "owned" by men.
B) Sexuality is one-sided and is "owned" by women.
C) Sexuality is basic to the humanness of both men and women.
D) Sex should be primarily for reproduction.

Question 34

In the early 1970s, __________ percent of a national sample of Americans found homosexuality "always wrong."

A) 10
B) 30
C) 50
D) 70

Question 35

The text lists several reasons that teens choose to be abstinent. Which is NOT one of these?

A) conservative values
B) fear of pregnancy or disease
C) not interested in sex
D) fear of parents

Question 36

In its original form, the double standard meant that

A) women must be in love to have sex.
B) women should have fewer partners than men have.
C) men should be faithful to their wives, but wives may have relations with other men.
D) women should not have sex before or outside of marriage, but men can.

Question 37

In 2007, almost __________ of high school students had had sexual experience.

A) one-fifth
B) one-quarter
C) one-third
D) one-half

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT one of Ira Reiss's standards of nonmarital sex?

A) abstinence
B) permissiveness with affection
C) the double standard
D) affection, but no sex

Question 39

Brad hates homosexuals and has an aversion to homosexual behavior. His orientation is predicated on fear. It is most reasonable to conclude that Brad is

A) ethnocentric.
B) homosexual.
C) homophobic.
D) unreasonable.

Question 40

The 1990s saw the emergence of a new brand of marital infidelity-adultery on the net, or __________.

A) web porn
B) cyberadultery
C) chat rooms
D) technoadultery

Question 41

In sharing sexual pleasure, partners realize that sex is something partners do ______each other.

A) to
B) with
C) for
D) without

Question 42

Masters and Johnson view sex as a __________ by which partners commit themselves to expressing their sexual feelings with each other.

A) solidification of physicality
B) pleasure bond
C) relational by-product
D) spectatoring experience

Question 43

How many new cases of HIV are diagnosed each year in the U.S.?

A) 6,000
B) 26,000
C) 56,000
D) 106,000

Question 44

The text lists several factors as having "a profound negative effect on a person's capacity for sexual expression." Which is NOT one of these factors?

A) monotony
B) lack of an understanding partner
C) lack of desire
D) mental or physical fatigue

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT one of the suggestions therapists give to couples wishing to spend intimate time alone together?

A) spend time discussing finances, family, or work
B) create romantic settings at home or-if they can afford it-take a weekend retreat
C) going out together for a cup of coffee together
D) set aside at least one night a week for themselves alone where they can cuddle and watch movies

Question 46

For a couple to assume sexual responsibility and experience freedom in sexual expression, the text emphasizes one important element is needed in the relationship. What is this element?

A) planning time to be alone and intimate
B) physical fitness and attractiveness
C) financial resources
D) the ability to have a quick encounter

Question 47

In American society, which of the following does NOT tend to be associated with images of sex?

A) youth
B) retirement
C) beauty
D) romance

Question 48

The researchers who initiated sex therapy in the United States were

A) Masters and Johnson.
B) Kinsey and his colleagues.
C) Laumann and his colleagues.
D) Sweet, Bumpass, and Call.

Question 49

WGay/lesbian sexuality, like heterosexual behavior, has been explored among African Americans mostly in the context of

A) problems.
B) family issues.
C) demographic statistics.
D) historical significance.

Question 50

In the NORC survey discussed in the text, the average frequency of sex for sexually active, married respondents under age 60 was __________ per month.

A) once
B) 3 times
C) 5 times
D) 7 times

Question 51

HIV/AIDS has now been known for almost __________ years.

A) 10
B) 15
C) 20
D) 30

Question 52

The heterosexual transmission of HIV/AIDS is ____________.

A) decreasing
B) staying relatively steady
C) increasing
D) nonexistent

Question 53

Research shows some support for the ____________ hypothesis-that is, that familiarity reduces the reward power of a sexual encounter with a spouse or partner compared to a new relationship.

A) "the grass is always greener"
B) aged sexuality
C) habituation
D) infatuation

Question 54

In sharing sexual pleasure, each partner assumes ___________, that is, responsibility for his or her own sexual response.

A) a spectator role
B) a certain role
C) they know what the other one wants
D) sexual responsibility.

Question 55

David and Susan have been married for 20 years. Both are less interested in sex than they were at the beginning of their marriage, and their sexual frequency has declined over this period of time. David and Susan's circumstances reflect what the text refers to as

A) habituation.
B) intensification.
C) deterioration.
D) solidification.

Question 56

Therapists suggest certain requirements of the offending partner of an extramarital affair, which include all BUT which of the following?

A) apologize sincerely and without defending her or his behavior
B) ask the spouse if they have had similar thoughts or feelings of infidelity
C) allow and hear the verbally vented anger and rage of the offended partner
D) allow for trust to rebuild gradually and to realize that this may take a long time

Question 57

The pioneer surveys on sex in the United States were _________, who used volunteer reports on male and female sexuality.

A) Masters and Johnson.
B) Kinsey and his colleagues.
C) Laumann and his colleagues.
D) Sweet, Bumpass, and Call.

Question 58

The text reports that, after age, __________ was the second largest predictor of sexual frequency.

A) perceived self-worth
B) communication
C) marital satisfaction
D) self-disclosure

Question 59

Almost __________ people have died of AIDS in the United States (through 2007).

A) 100,000
B) 200,000
C) 400,000
D) 600,000

Question 60

AIDS was first identified in what year?

A) 1951
B) 1961
C) 1981
D) 1991

Question 61

From childhood to old age, people are sexual beings.

Question 62

In 2007, almost half of high school students had had sexual experience.

Question 63

Americans are more likely to approve of a gay or lesbian lifestyle than of civil rights protections for gays or lesbians.

Question 64

Which of the following is NOT one of the principles of sexual responsibility that may serve as guidelines for sexual decision making?

A) the possibility of pregnancy
B) the advisability of pornography use
C) the possibility of contracting sexual transmitted diseases or transmitting them to someone else
D) communicating with partners or potential sexual partners.

Question 65

From the interactionist point of view, the notion of sexual orientation was created by nature, not social interaction.

Question 66

Surveys indicate that __________ percent of parents prefer "abstinence-plus" sex education.

A) 10
B) 25
C) 50
D) 75

Question 67

One of the most striking changes over the past several decades has been the emergence of __________ issues as political controversies.

A) family
B) parental discipline
C) sexual and reproductive
D) infertility

Question 68

Over ___________ people are living with HIV or full-blown AIDS.

A) 100,000
B) 500,000
C) 750,000
D) 1 million

Question 69

Which racial/ethnic group has the highest percentage (40%) of people living with HIV/AIDS?

A) black
B) white
C) Hispanic
D) Asian/Pacific Islander

Question 70

In the interpersonal exchange model of sexual satisfaction, satisfaction is seen to dependon the costs and rewards of a sexual relationship.

Question 71

A number of specific genetic differences between heterosexuals and gays have been conclusively established.

Question 72

The double standard of sexuality has required that women be in love to have sex, or at least have fewer partners than men have.

Question 73

In the United States (and elsewhere), messages about sex have changed over time.

Question 74

Estimates are that around __________ of those with HIV have not been tested and are unaware of their condition.

A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 33%
D) 50%

Question 75

__________ percent of HIV/AIDS cases are reported for individuals age fifty and older.

A) One
B) Three
C) Ten
D) Twenty

Question 76

The largest percentage (70%) of diagnosed AIDS cases to date involve

A) teenagers.
B) young adults.
C) young and middle-aged adults.
D) elderly men.

Question 77

The text points out that sexual orientation is a dichotomy, not a continuum.

Question 78

When Americans polled knew someone who is gay, lesbian, or bisexual their support for gay and lesbian rights increased.

Question 79

Of the following groups, which has been affected the most by HIV/AIDS?

A) teenage males
B) young and middle-aged adults
C) teenage females
D) elderly males

Question 80

Current controversy centers on whether sex education should be "abstinence-only" or "__________" (also termed "comprehensive").

A) abstinence-plus
B) no-abstinence
C) choice-oriented
D) individually focused