Deck 9: Materiality and Risk

Question 1

Risk of material misstatement at the assertion level

A)is only relevant to account balances.
B)determines the nature,timing,and extent of further audit procedures.
C)refers to risks that are pervasive to the financial statements as a whole.
D)consists of business risk and inherent risk.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Risk assessment procedures are performed to identify and assess the risk of material misstatement.List three risk assessment procedures.

Answer 2

•Inquiries of management and others within the entity
•Analytical procedures
•Observation and inspection
•Discussion among engagement team members
•Other risk assessment procedures,including discussions with predecessor auditor,evidence obtained during other procedures performed for the client

Question 3

The auditor's responsibility section in an audit report states that "…the standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain ________ assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement." What type of assurance is given?

A)immediate
B)limited
C)reasonable
D)absolute

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The auditor's risk assessment for fraud should be ongoing throughout the audit.

Question 5

The performance of risk assessment procedures is designed to help the auditor obtain an understanding of the entity.

Question 6

Risk assessment procedures include

A)a required discussion among the staff members of the audit and the client regarding material misstatements in the financial statement.
B)determination of the type of audit opinion to issue.
C)observation of the entity's operations.
D)assessing acceptable audit risk.

Question 7

Which of the following would not increase the risks of material misstatement at the overall financial statement level?

A)effective oversight by the board of directors
B)deficiencies in management's integrity
C)inadequate accounting systems
D)all of the above

Question 8

Auditing standards require the engagement partner to be included in discussions about the susceptibility of the client's financial statements to material misstatements.

Question 9

Auditors are not allowed to make inquires of employees who are not considered management,such as marketing or sales personnel.

Question 10

A ________ risk represents an identified and assessed risk of material misstatement that,in the auditor's professional judgment,requires special audit consideration.

A)material
B)substantial
C)financial statement
D)significant

Question 11

The auditor must perform substantive tests related to assertions deemed to have significant risks.

Question 12

________ risk represents the auditor's assessment of the susceptibility of an assertion to material misstatement,before considering the effectiveness of the client's internal control.

A)Material
B)Account balance
C)Control
D)Inherent

Question 13

Which of the following will generally be considered a significant risk?

A)a sale to a customer
B)the determination of the amount of bad debt expense
C)the purchase of inventory
D)obtaining a loan from the bank

Question 14

Individuals engaged in conducting a fraud will generally not misrepresent information to the auditor.

Question 15

Risk assessment procedures include inquiries of management and others by the auditor.As part of these procedures,the auditor should talk to

A)internal auditors.
B)board of directors.
C)individuals involved with regulatory compliance.
D)all of the above.

Question 16

Significant changes in the industry may increase the risk of material misstatement at the assertion level.

Question 17

Inherent risk and control risk exist independent of the audit of the financial statements.

Question 18

Significant risks often relate to routine transactions.

Question 19

When considering the risk of misstatement due to fraud,

A)the risk of not detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is lower than the risk of not detecting a misstatement due to error.
B)the risk is only made at the financial statement level.
C)auditing standards require the auditor to presume that risk of fraud exist in expense transactions.
D)auditing standards outline procedures the auditor should perform to obtain information from management about their consideration of fraud.

Question 20

The risk of material misstatement exists only at the overall financial statement level.

Question 21

If the auditor decides to reduce acceptable audit risk,planned detection risk

A)increases.
B)decreases.
C)stay the same.
D)cannot be determined.

Question 22

When assessing risk,it is important to remember that

A)for acceptable audit risk,the SEC decides the risk the CPA firm should take for public clients.
B)inherent risk can be changed by the auditor.
C)detection risk can only be determined after audit risk,inherent risk,and control risk are determined.
D)control risk is determined by company management since they are responsible for internal control.

Question 23

Which of the following statements is not True?

A)Inherent risk is inversely related to the amount of audit evidence whereas detection risk is directly related to the amount of audit evidence required.
B)Inherent risk is directly related to evidence whereas detection risk is inversely related to the amount of audit evidence required.
C)Inherent risk is the susceptibility of the financial statements to material error,assuming no internal controls.
D)Inherent risk and control risk are assessed by the auditor and function independently of the financial statement audit.

Question 24

Inherent risk and control risk

A)are inversely related to each other.
B)are inversely related to detection risk.
C)are directly related to detection risk.
D)are directly related to audit risk.

Question 25

Inherent risk is often high for an account such as

A)inventory.
B)land.
C)capital stock.
D)notes payable.

Question 26

The measurement of the auditor's assessment of the susceptibility of an assertion to material misstatement,before considering the effectiveness of related internal controls is defined as

A)audit risk.
B)inherent risk.
C)sampling risk.
D)detection risk.

Question 27

The risk of material misstatement refers to

A)control risk and acceptable audit risk.
B)inherent risk.
C)the combination of inherent risk and control risk.
D)inherent risk and audit risk.

Question 28

Which is a True statement about audit risk?

A)Audit risk measures the risk that a material misstatement could occur and not be detected by internal control.
B)When auditors decide on a higher acceptable audit risk,they want to be more certain that the financial statements are not materially misstated.
C)Audit assurance is the complement of acceptable audit risk.
D)There is an inverse relationship between acceptable audit risk and planned detection risk.

Question 29

When dealing with audit risk,

A)auditors cannot accept any level of risk in performing the audit function.
B)most risks that auditors encounter are relatively easy to measure.
C)the audit risk model is only used for classes of transactions.
D)the audit risk model helps the auditor to decide how much and what types of evidence to accumulate.

Question 30

Planned detection risk I. determines the amount of substantive evidence the auditor plans to accumulate.
II) is dependent on inherent risk and business risk.

A)I only
B)II only
C)I and II
D)neither I nor II

Question 31

Auditors frequently refer to the terms audit assurance,overall assurance,and level of assurance instead of

A)detection risk.
B)audit report risk.
C)acceptable audit risk.
D)inherent risk.

Question 32

Which of the following risks are used in the audit risk model?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 33

Which of the following is a correct relationship?

A)Acceptable audit risk and planned detection risk have an inverse relationship.
B)Control risk and planned detection risk have a direct relationship.
C)Planned detection risk and inherent risk have an inverse relationship.
D)All of the above are correct relationships.

Question 34

Based on audit evidence gathered and evaluated,an auditor decides to increase the assessed level of control risk from that originally planned.To achieve an overall audit risk level that is substantially the same as the planned audit risk level,the auditor would

A)increase materiality levels.
B)decrease detection risk.
C)decrease substantive testing.
D)increase inherent risk.

Question 35

The risk that audit evidence for an audit objective will fail to detect misstatements exceeding performance materiality levels is

A)audit risk.
B)control risk.
C)inherent risk.
D)planned detection risk.

Question 36

Inherent risk is ________ related to planned detection risk and ________ related to the amount of audit evidence.

A)directly;inversely
B)directly;directly
C)inversely;inversely
D)inversely;directly

Question 37

If planned detection risk is reduced,the amount of evidence the auditor accumulates will

A)increase.
B)decrease.
C)remain unchanged.
D)be indeterminate.

Question 38

To what extent do auditors typically rely on internal controls of their public company clients?

A)extensively
B)only very little
C)infrequently
D)never

Question 39

Auditors typically rely on internal controls of their private company clients

A)only as needed to complete the audit and satisfy Sarbanes-Oxley requirements.
B)only if the controls are determined to be effective.
C)only if the client asks an auditor to test controls.
D)only if the controls are sufficient to increase control risk to an acceptable level.

Question 40

In a financial statement audit,inherent risk is evaluated to help an auditor asses which of the following?

A)the internal audit department's objectivity in reporting a material misstatement of a financial statement assertion it detects to the audit committee
B)the risk the internal control system will not detect a material misstatement of a financial statement assertion
C)the risk that the audit procedures implemented will not detect a material misstatement of a financial statement assertion
D)the susceptibility of a financial statement assertion to a material misstatement assuming there are no related controls

Question 41

When management has an adequate level of integrity for the auditor to accept the engagement but cannot be regarded as completely honest in all dealings,auditors normally

A)reduce acceptable audit risk and increase inherent risk.
B)reduce inherent risk and control risk.
C)increase inherent risk and control risk.
D)increase acceptable audit risk and reduce inherent risk.

Question 42

As control risk increases,the amount of substantive evidence the auditor plans to accumulate should increase.

Question 43

The most important element of the audit risk model is control risk.

Question 44

A high detection risk equates to a low amount of audit evidence needed.

Question 45

If the audit assurance rate is 95%,then the level of acceptable audit risk is 5%.

Question 46

For a private company client,auditors are required to test any internal controls they believe have not been operating effectively during the period under audit.

Question 47

________ is the risk that the auditor or audit firm will suffer harm after the audit is finished,even though the audit report was correct.

A)Inherent risk
B)Audit risk
C)Engagement risk
D)Control risk

Question 48

If an auditor believes the chance of financial failure is high and there is a corresponding increase in business risk for the auditor,acceptable audit risk would likely

A)be reduced.
B)be increased.
C)remain the same.
D)be calculated using a computerized statistical package.

Question 49

Describe the audit risk model and each of its components.

Question 50

If acceptable audit risk is low,and inherent risk and control risk are both low,then planned detection risk should be high.

Question 51

Using your knowledge of the relationships among acceptable audit risk,inherent risk,control risk,planned detection risk,performance materiality,and planned evidence,state the effect on planned evidence (increase or decrease)of changing each of the following factors,while the other factors remain unchanged.
1. an increase in acceptable audit risk ________
2. an increase in inherent risk ________
3. a decrease in control risk ________
4. an increase in planned detection risk ________
5. an increase in performance materiality ________

Question 52

An auditor who audits a business cycle that has low inherent risk should

A)increase the amount of audit evidence gathered.
B)assign more experienced staff to that area.
C)expand planning procedures.
D)do none of the above.

Question 53

Inherent risk and control risk are directly related.

Question 54

There is a direct relationship between acceptable audit risk and planned detection risk.

Question 55

When the auditor is attempting to determine the extent to which external users rely on a client's financial statements,they may consider several factors except for

A)client size.
B)concentration of ownership.
C)nature and amounts of liabilities.
D)assessment of detection risk.

Question 56

Audit assurance is the complement of planned detection risk,that is,one minus planned detection risk.

Question 57

Why do auditors use the audit risk model when planning an audit?

Question 58

Acceptable audit risk and the amount of substantive evidence required are inversely related.

Question 59

The audit risk model that must be used for planning audit procedures and evaluating audit results is:
= AAR

Question 60

There are several factors that affect engagement risk and,therefore,acceptable audit risk.Discuss three of these factors.

Question 61

Which of the following is True regarding audit risk for segments?

A)Control risk must be assessed at the same level for all accounts.
B)Factors affecting inherent risk do not differ from account to account.
C)Acceptable audit risk is ordinarily assessed by the auditor during the substantive test of balances phase and is held constant for each major cycle and account.
D)In some cases,a lower acceptable audit risk may be more appropriate for one account than for others.

Question 62

Dracule Industries is a privately owned business that sells medical product and devices to hospitals,clinics and the public.Certain changes have occurred in Dracule Industries during the year undergoing the audit.Harker needs to evaluate the effect these changes have on audit risk.Audit risk at the financial statement level is influenced by the risk of material misstatement;which include factors related to management,the industry and the entity or a combination thereof.For each of the following changes that have occurred during the year under audit identify the appropriate audit response for the list of responses.Each response can be used once,more than once or not at all.

Question 63

Since the audit risk model is a planning model,it assists the auditor in evaluating results.

Question 64

The risk of material misstatement is a combination of two client controlled factors: inherent risk and control risk.What is inherent risk,why is it important and give examples of inherent risk factors.

Question 65

In practice,auditors rarely assign numerical probabilities to inherent risk,control risk,or acceptable audit risk.It is more common to assess these risks as high,medium,or low.For each of the four situations below,fill in the blanks for planned detection risk and the amount of evidence you would plan to gather ("planned evidence")using the terms high,medium,or low.

Question 66

Overall assessment of acceptable audit risk is highly subjective.

Question 67

Auditors respond to risk primarily by I. changing the extent of testing.
II) changing the types of audit procedures.

A)I only
B)II only
C)I and II
D)neither I nor II

Question 68

When using the audit risk model,

A)auditors find it relatively easy to measure the components of the model.
B)many auditors use broad and subjective measurement terms.
C)auditors find it easy to measure the amount of evidence implied by a given planned detection risk.
D)auditors are only concerned with understating accounts.

Question 69

Accounts that require considerable judgment have a higher inherent risk.

Question 70

An acceptable audit risk assessment of low indicates a risky client requiring more extensive evidence,assignment of more experienced personnel,and/or a more extensive review of audit files.

Question 71

Auditors begin their assessments of inherent risk during audit planning.Which of the following would not help in assessing inherent risk during the planning phase?

A)obtaining client's agreement on the engagement letter
B)obtaining knowledge about the client's business and industry
C)touring the client's plant and offices
D)identifying related parties

Question 72

The auditing profession has established guidelines for setting inherent risk.

Question 73

The risk of fraud should be assessed for the entire audit as well as by cycle,account,and objective.

Question 74

Which of the following statements regarding inherent risk is correct?

A)Inherent risk is unaffected by the auditor's experience with client's organization.
B)Most auditors set a low inherent risk in the first year of an audit and increase it if experience shows that it was incorrect.
C)Most auditors set a high inherent risk in the first year of an audit and reduce it in subsequent years as they gain more knowledge about the company.
D)Inherent risk is dependent upon the strengths in client's internal control system.

Question 75

If an auditor believes the client will have financial difficulties after the audit report is issued,and external users will be relying heavily on the financial statements,the auditor will probably set acceptable audit risk as low.

Question 76

In applying the audit risk model,auditors are concerned about overstatements,not understatements.

Question 77

Which of the following is not a primary consideration when assessing inherent risk?

A)nature of client's business
B)existence of related parties
C)effectiveness of internal controls
D)susceptibility to misappropriation of assets

Question 78

One major limitation in the application of the audit risk model is the difficulty of measuring the components of the model.

Question 79

Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding inherent risk?

A)The profession has established guidelines for setting inherent risk.
B)Auditors are generally conservative in setting inherent risk.
C)Factors impacting inherent risk will affect all cycles,balances,and disclosures.
D)Inherent risk has no impact on the amount of evidence gathered.

Question 80

Which of the following is a correct statement?

A)There is no relationship between materiality and risk in auditing.
B)Risk is a measure of magnitude or size.
C)The combination of performance materiality and the audit risk model factors determines planned audit evidence.
D)Performance materiality is part of the audit risk model.