Deck 11: B: Gender and Sexuality

Question 1

According to Sandra Bem,which statement is FALSE regarding highly masculine men ("manly men")?

A) They have difficulty expressing warmth, playfulness, and concern, even when these emotions are appropriate to the situation.
B) They are able to accept emotional support from women, but not from other men.
C) They tend to be interested in sports and sit with their knees wide apart.
D) They tend to have mostly male friends and dislike feminists.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Psychologist Sandra Bem believes that optimal adjustment occurs when

A) males exhibit masculine traits and females exhibit feminine traits.
B) both males and females exhibit largely masculine traits.
C) both males and females exhibit largely feminine traits.
D) both males and females exhibit both masculine and feminine traits.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Regarding androgyny,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Older men tend to be more accepting of androgynous traits than younger men.
B) European-American men tend to be more androgynous than Mexican American men.
C) Androgynous people are able to use both instrumental and expressive capacities to enhance their relationships.
D) Asian-American men, especially those born in the United States, are displaying more androgyny as indicated by this group not being afraid of doing "feminine tasks."

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Sex reassignment surgery is used to treat some cases of

A) paraphila.
B) dissociative disorder.
C) homosexuality and bisexuality.
D) transsexuality and intersexuality.

Question 5

Regarding sex and gender,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Biological sex is binary and is divided into male or female.
B) Gender comes in varying degrees of masculine and feminine.
C) By adulthood, most males turn out to be more or less masculine and most females turn out to be more or less feminine.
D) When people's biological sex does not match their preferred gender, they are referred to as gender variant.

Question 6

As compared to highly masculine or highly feminine individuals,androgynous individuals typically show

A) higher emotional intelligence.
B) overinflated self-esteem and arrogance.
C) greater financial success.
D) greater happiness in marriage.

Question 7

According to Sandra Bem,which statement is FALSE regarding highly masculine men ("manly men"),highly feminine women,and androgynous individuals?

A) "Manly men" have been shown to have no difficulty in expressing warmth, playfulness, and concern.
B) "Manly men" find it hard to accept emotional support from others, particularly women.
C) Highly feminine women have difficulty being independent and assertive, even when these qualities are desirable.
D) Androgynous individuals score higher in emotional intelligence.

Question 8

In her research,Bem found that "masculine" men and "feminine" women who were paid to do various tasks consistently chose

A) the tasks that paid the most.
B) gender-appropriate activities.
C) "gender-neutral" tasks.
D) tasks that involved a low risk of failure.

Question 9

Regarding androgyny,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) People who express gender-appropriate traits tend to be more satisfied with their lives.
B) People who score high in "femininity" are more likely to seek and receive social support and experience more happiness in marriage.
C) Androgynous people are able to use both instrumental and expressive capacities to enhance their relationships.
D) When confronted with an onslaught of negative events, strongly masculine or feminine persons become more depressed than androgynous individuals do.

Question 10

When a person's biological sex does not match his or her preferred gender,this person would be said to be

A) psychologically androgynous.
B) gender variant.
C) homosexual.
D) bisexual.

Question 11

According to Zeiler and Wickström,the trend today regarding gender variance in children is

A) immediate sex reassignment surgery.
B) to wait and see if the children will grow into more gender appropriate roles.
C) towards acceptance and support.
D) for parents to encourage what they see as gender-appropriate behavior.

Question 12

Regarding androgyny,which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

A) Younger men tend to be more accepting of androgynous traits than older ones.
B) Mexican-American men tend to be more androgynous than European-American men.
C) Asian-American men, especially those born in the United States, tend to display more highly masculine traits and refuse to do any "feminine tasks."
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 13

According to Sandra Bem,being psychologically androgynous is adaptable for

A) only adult women.
B) only adult men.
C) both adult men and women.
D) neither adult men nor adult women.

Question 14

According to recent research,which statement appears to be FALSE regarding androgyny?

A) Scoring high in "masculinity" is related to high self-esteem and to success in many situations.
B) People scoring high in "feminine" traits tend to experience greater social closeness with others.
C) People who score highest on "masculine" traits tend to experience the greatest marital happiness.
D) Androgynous people are more flexible when it comes to coping with difficult situations.

Question 15

Regarding recent studies of androgyny,which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) Scoring high in "masculinity" is related to high self-esteem and to success in many situations.
B) People scoring high in "masculinity" tend to experience great social closeness with others.
C) People who score highest on "masculine" traits tend to experience the greatest marital happiness.
D) Having both "masculine" and "feminine" traits is only adaptable for women and not for men.

Question 16

Lydia is a transsexual who will be undergoing surgery to reconfigure the external appearance of her genitals while hormone treatments will be used to shift the chemical balance in her body,so that she can become a male.Lydia,who is now Lee,has undergone

A) sex reassignment.
B) sexual regeneration.
C) sensate focus therapy.
D) sexual aversion treatment.

Question 17

As compared to highly masculine or highly feminine individuals,androgynous individuals tend to

A) have higher emotional intelligence.
B) be more flexible when it comes to coping with difficult situations.
C) be more satisfied with their lives.
D) exhibit all of these characteristics.

Question 18

According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV,2000),transsexuals would be diagnosed with

A) a paraphilia.
B) dissociative disorder.
C) gender identity disorder.
D) a sexual dysfunction.

Question 19

To enhance their lives and relationships,androgynous individuals tend to use __________ capacities.

A) instrumental
B) expressive
C) both instrumental and expressive
D) neither instrumental nor expressive

Question 20

The new version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V),due to be published in 2013,will most likely continue to include the diagnosis of gender identity disorder,although this name may be changed to

A) gender incongruence.
B) gender dysfunction.
C) sexual deviance.
D) atypical sexual orientation.

Question 21

Researcher Alfred Kinsey

A) verified instances of orgasm in boys as young as five months.
B) verified instances of orgasm in girls as young as four months.
C) found that two-to-five-year-old children spontaneously touch and exhibit their genitals.
D) found all of these.

Question 22

Researcher Alfred Kinsey verified instances of orgasm in boys as young as __________ of age.

A) five months.
B) 18 months.
C) four years.
D) seven years.

Question 23

Regarding sex reassignment,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Supporters of early sex reassignment for children argue that the benefits usually outweigh the long-term psychological costs.
B) Adults who deliberately seek sex reassignment are generally not happy with the results.
C) Critics of early sex reassignment believe it is better to wait until adulthood and let the individual choose whether to have the procedure or not.
D) The best course of treatment for intersexual persons may be different for different persons.

Question 24

Which of the following is supported by studies of sexual behavior?

A) Many females and males engage in preadolescent sex play.
B) It is uncommon for children aged two to five to show their genitals.
C) Orgasm cannot occur until secondary sex characteristics develop at puberty.
D) A potential for sexual arousal is first apparent at the age of 10 or 11 in both sexes.

Question 25

A three-year-old child that spontaneously touches or exhibits his or her genitals is showing signs of

A) normal sexual development.
B) the androgenital syndrome.
C) an excess production of sex hormones.
D) impending sexual adjustment problems.

Question 26

Regarding cultural norms and sexual activity,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) As a child matures, cultural norms place greater restrictions on sexual activities.
B) As with gender roles, it is apparent that cultural restrictions on sexual behavior are somewhat arbitrary.
C) Different kinds of sexual activity occur more frequently in societies that place the most restrictions on sexual behavior.
D) In Western cultures, sex between children, incest, prostitution, and extramarital sex are all discouraged.

Question 27

Regarding sex reassignment,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Sex reassignment is performed to treat cases of transsexuality and intersexuality.
B) Sex reassignment involves both surgery to reconfigure the external appearance of the genitals and hormone treatments to shift the chemical balance in the body.
C) Adults who deliberately seek sex reassignment are generally unhappy with the results.
D) Sex reassignments are performed on both children and adults.

Question 28

Which of the following is supported by studies of sexual behavior?

A) It is rare for children to engage in preadolescent sex play.
B) It is uncommon for children aged two to five to show their genitals.
C) Orgasm cannot occur until secondary sex characteristics develop at puberty.
D) A potential for sexual arousal is apparent at or soon after birth.

Question 29

Researcher Alfred Kinsey verified instances of orgasm in girls as young as __________ of age.

A) four months.
B) 18 months.
C) four years.
D) seven years.

Question 30

A capacity for sexual arousal

A) is apparent at birth or soon after.
B) develops around age two.
C) develops at puberty.
D) appears several years earlier in males than in females.

Question 31

Regarding cultural norms and sexual activity,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Boys as young as five months and girls as young as four months show instances of orgasm.
B) Two to five year old children spontaneously touch and exhibit their genitals.
C) Very few females and males engage in preadolescent sex-play.
D) As a child matures, cultural norms place greater restrictions on sexual activities.

Question 32

Human erogenous zones include

A) ears.
B) mouth.
C) genitals.
D) all of these.

Question 33

Sex between close relatives is called

A) intersexuality.
B) sexual relativism.
C) incest.
D) familial sexualism.

Question 34

Concerning early sex reassignment,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Supporters of early sex reassignment argue that the benefits usually outweigh the long-term psychological costs.
B) Critics of early sex reassignment believe that it is better for individuals to accept who they are and to realize that some bodies do not neatly fit into the categories of male and female.
C) Critics of early sex reassignment believe it is better to wait until adulthood, when individuals can choose for themselves whether to have surgery and whether to live as a man or a woman.
D) Sex reassignment surgery is rarely done with children with this procedure also becoming much less more common with adults.

Question 35

Human arousal may be triggered by

A) unwanted sexual advances.
B) greater persistence.
C) doctor's examinations.
D) mental elements.

Question 36

Regarding cultural norms and sexual activity,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) It is rare for children in any culture to engage in preadolescent sex play.
B) Apart from cultural norms, it can be said that any sexual act engaged in by consenting adults is "normal" if it does not hurt anyone.
C) Different kinds of sexual activity occur more frequently in societies that place fewer restrictions on sexual behavior.
D) In Western cultures, sex between children, incest, prostitution, and extramarital sex are all discouraged.

Question 37

Areas of the body that seem to be more sexually responsive to stimulation are called

A) erogenous zones.
B) arousal zones.
C) excitement centers.
D) sensuous zones.

Question 38

Regarding the erogenous zones,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Human sexual arousal often involves mental elements.
B) Human sexual arousal often occurs during urological or gynecological exams, much to the embarrassment of the patients.
C) Human erogenous zones include the ears and mouth.
D) Human sexual arousal may be produced by direct stimulation of the body's erogenous zones.

Question 39

Since urological or gynecological exams rarely result in any sexual arousal and unwanted sexual advances produce only revulsion,it is safe to say that the ultimate erogenous zone in both males and females is the

A) entire body.
B) anus.
C) mouth.
D) brain.

Question 40

Although the entire surface of the human body could be considered to a lesser degree an erogenous zone,which of the following would be considered one of the main human erogenous zones?

A) surface of the scalp and forehead
B) fingernails and toenails
C) ears and mouth
D) back of the knee and the bottom of the feet

Question 41

Regarding sexual scripts,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Sexual scripts can be considered unspoken mental plans.
B) Sexual scripts outline "approved" actions, motives, and outcomes for sexual activity.
C) Human sexual scripts are much the same for different cultures, different ages, and different genders.
D) If sexual partners have different scripts, rewriting often needs to occur to ensure sexual compatibility.

Question 42

Two contemporary sexual scripts that emphasize casual sex are

A) sex animals and damsel-in-distress.
B) random dating and stranger-in-the-night.
C) party time and safe sex.
D) hook-up and friends with benefits.

Question 43

A current sexual script that involves persons having sex who are more or less strangers is referred to as the __________ script.

A) hook-up
B) friends with benefits
C) getting-to-know-you
D) random dating

Question 44

Traditional sexual scripts involve

A) casual sex between strangers.
B) casual sex between friends.
C) sex taking place between a couple only after marriage.
D) sex that may be premarital or not but involves courtship and romance.

Question 45

Regarding current trends in the sexual behavior among young people,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Casual sexual scripts are spreading to younger children in junior high.
B) More than half of all college students have been friends with benefits.
C) The traditional focus on intercourse is fading in favor of oral sex.
D) Friends with benefits is a more casual sexual script than the sexual script known as the
Hook-up script.

Question 46

Cory and Angie are college friends and classmates,who often study together.Although neither sees the other in a romantic way,they occasionally have sex.They are following the
Sexual script known as the __________ script.

A) hook-up
B) friends with benefits
C) no strings attached
D) traditional

Question 47

A current sexual script that involves persons having sex who are friends but are not romantically involved is referred to as the __________ script.

A) hook-up
B) friends with benefits
C) group sex
D) random dating

Question 48

Kal and Sarena have been dating for a year,have met each other's parents,and have also engaged in premarital sex.They are planning to get married after finishing college next
Year.Kal and Sarena are following the sexual script known as the __________ script.

A) hook-up
B) friends with benefits
C) traditional
D) fairy tale

Question 49

Ray and Romana met in high school and began dating their senior year.Over the next year, their romantic relationship progressed to having sex.They became engaged the following year
And got married.Ray and Romana followed which sexual script in their relationship?

A) hook-up
B) friends with benefits
C) traditional
D) fantasy dating

Question 50

The "plot" which guides our sexual behavior and determines the order of events in lovemaking is supplied by

A) sex role biases.
B) sexual scripts.
C) sex role dialogues.
D) sexual activity dialogues.

Question 51

Younger Americans are shifting toward sexual scripts favoring

A) no sex before marriage.
B) traditional romance.
C) casual sex.
D) bisexual encounters.

Question 52

As casual sexual scripts become more common,the traditional focus on intercourse is fading in favor of

A) oral sex.
B) anal sex.
C) mutual masturbation.
D) internet and phone sex.

Question 53

Ted and Paula just met at a bar and are attracted to each other,and they have sex that night, but really have no intention of seeing each other again.Ted and Paul are following the sexual
Script known as the __________ script.

A) hook-up
B) friends with benefits
C) bar hopping
D) no strings attached

Question 54

The unspoken plans that guide our sexual behavior are called

A) sexual schemas.
B) sexual dialogues.
C) sexual scripts.
D) androgynous scripts.

Question 55

Chuck,Margot,and Leesa have been college roommates for a year.They enjoy spending time together.Although the three have no romantic ideas regarding each other,both Margot
And Leesa have each had sex with Chuck on a couple of occasions.In contemporary society,
These roommates are following the sexual script known as the __________ script.

A) hook-up
B) friends with benefits
C) group sex
D) random dating

Question 56

Regarding current sexual trends among young people,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Oral sex is seen by young people as less risky, more acceptable, and "not a big deal."
B) The chances of getting a sexually transmitted disease through oral sex are practically
Nil)
C) Casual sex is usually associated with alcohol use and unsafe sexual behaviors, such as
Unprotected sex.
D) One study found that 20 percent of American ninth graders have already had oral sex
And more than 30 percent intend to try it soon.

Question 57

Cindy is on a first date with Jacob.Cindy considers this first date to be a "friendly,get-to-know-you" type of experience,whereas Jacob is expecting this first date to quickly move to a sexual encounter.When the date ends at Cindy's apartment door,both Cindy and Jacob are angry,hurt,and vow never to see each other again.This incompatibility is due to their having different

A) expressive behaviors.
B) sexual orientations.
C) sexual scripts.
D) sensate focus.

Question 58

Which of the following determines when and where we are likely to express sexual feelings and with whom?

A) sex drive
B) sexual scripts
C) sex roles
D) gender identity

Question 59

Ian is invited by a friend to go to a party at Carmen and Jan's apartment.Ian and Carmen are instantly attracted to each other and within a hour are seen going into Carmen's room where
They have sex.In contemporary society,Ian and Carmen are following the sexual script
Known as the __________ script.

A) hook-up
B) friends with benefits
C) quickie
D) random dating

Question 60

Regarding current sexual trends among young people,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Young women who are having casual sex are more likely to be depressed.
B) Although oral sex is safer than intercourse, a significant chance of getting a sexually
Transmitted disease remains.
C) Casual sex is usually associated with alcohol use and unsafe sexual behaviors, such as
Unprotected sex.
D) The sexual script in which two people have sex who are more or less strangers is
Called the friends with benefits script.

Question 61

Concerning sexual arousal,which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) Men have a greater potential for physical sexual arousal than women do.
B) Women tend to place more emphasis on emotional closeness with a lover than men do.
C) Women do not show physical sexual arousal to erotic films presented from the male point of view.
D) Women have a greater potential for physical sexual arousal than men do.

Question 62

A man's sex drive is related to the amount of which of the following supplied by his testes?

A) androgens
B) progesterones
C) estrogens
D) endorphins

Question 63

Regarding the sex drives of men and women,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Large doses of alcohol suppress orgasm in women and erections in men.
B) The drugs amphetamines, cocaine, and Ecstasy will impair sexual response.
C) Men's and women's sex drives are closely related to the testosterone level in their bloodstreams.
D) Men have a stronger sex drive than women do.

Question 64

Substances that increase sexual desire or pleasure are called

A) aphrodisiacs.
B) sexual stimulators.
C) sensate focus drugs.
D) sexual scripts.

Question 65

The term sex drive refers to

A) a person's openness to sexual activity.
B) a person's degree of motivation to engage in sexual behavior.
C) a person's level of sexual experience.
D) the frequency of sexual activity.

Question 66

Regarding Laan's sexual arousal studies,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Women's physical arousal was much greater to the erotic film written from a woman's point of view than the film written from the male viewpoint.
B) Many women reported negative emotions, such as being repulsed and disgusted by erotic films written for men.
C) The women in the study reported more subjective feelings of sexual arousal, more positive emotions, and more interest in the erotic film written from the female's viewpoint.
D) A woman's subjective feelings of arousal tend to be more closely tied to her emotional response than to erotic cues.

Question 67

The trend toward casual sex is associated with all of the following EXCEPT

A) sexual scripts, such as friends with benefits and the hook-up script.
B) more homosexual and bisexual encounters.
C) alcohol use and unsafe sexual behaviors.
D) depression in young women.

Question 68

In the sexual arousal study in which women viewed erotic films written by men and by women,the women showed

A) almost equal physical arousal to both films.
B) almost equal subjective feelings of sexual arousal to both films.
C) showed physical arousal only to the film written by men.
D) showed physical arousal only to the film written by women.

Question 69

Although research shows that their ability to increase sexual desire and pleasure results mainly from a placebo effect,substances,such as oysters,chocolate,and powdered rhinoceros horn,were once believed by various cultures to be

A) aphrodisiacs.
B) sexual scripts.
C) teratogens.
D) endorphins.

Question 70

Regarding the sexual arousal study in which women viewed erotic films written by men and by women,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) The women were disgusted and repulsed by the films written by men in which the women in the film were little more than sexual props.
B) The women showed more subjective feelings of sexual arousal for the films written by women in which the women were active partners in lovemaking.
C) The women's physical arousal was nearly identical for both films.
D) The women's subjective feelings of arousal were found to be more closely tied to the erotic cues in the films than to her emotional responses.

Question 71

One's sex drive is influenced by all of the following EXCEPT

A) attitudes toward sex.
B) the recency of sexual activity.
C) sexual experience.
D) sexual orientation.

Question 72

Regarding sexual activity,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) The peak of male sexual activity is at age 18, while the peak for females occurs a little later.
B) The frequency for sexual intercourse is significantly higher for American men, ages 25 to 44, than American women of this age.
C) A woman's sex drive is related to her estrogen levels but also is closely related to the testosterone level in her bloodstream.
D) Attitudes toward sex, sexual experience, and frequency of sexual activity all affect one's sex drive.

Question 73

Regarding sexual activity,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) The peak of male sexual activity is at age 22, while the peak for females occurs around 25.
B) In any given year American men and women between ages 25 and 44 do not differ in their average number of opposite-sex partners.
C) In any given year American men and women between ages 25 and 44 do not differ in their overall pattern of sexual activity.
D) Women and men have an equal potential for sexual arousal with women being no less physically responsive than men.

Question 74

Based on frequency of orgasm,the peak of sexual activity occurs

A) at age 18 for males and a little later for females.
B) after age 40 for males and females.
C) between the ages of 25 and 30 in males and in the mid-30s for women.
D) between 16 and 18 years for both males and females.

Question 75

Regarding the human sex drive,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) A man's sex drive is related to the amount of androgens, especially testosterone supplied by the testes.
B) When a man chats with a woman he finds attractive, his testosterone levels actually increase.
C) The sex drive in women is related to estrogen levels, but also to androgens in her bloodstream.
D) The sex drive of women is weaker than men's because of the smaller amounts of androgens she produces.

Question 76

The strength of one's motivation to engage in sexual behavior is referred to as one's

A) sexual script.
B) excitement phase.
C) sex drive.
D) orgasmic function.

Question 77

Regarding the human sex drive,which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) A woman's sex drive is weaker because her body tends to be insensitive to the large amounts of androgens she produces.
B) Women produce smaller amounts of testosterone than men do, but their bodies are more sensitive to testosterone than men's bodies.
C) Large amounts of alcohol increase the sex drive in both men and women.
D) Substances that increase sexual desire or pleasure are known as sexual scripts.

Question 78

A woman's sex drive is related to the levels of which of the following in her bloodstream?

A) estrogen and testosterone
B) serotonin and dopamine
C) endorphins
D) catecholamines

Question 79

Studies of sexual arousal show that

A) women are more physically aroused by erotic stimuli than men are.
B) arousal has a large emotional element for women.
C) women are less physically responsive than men.
D) arousal requires physical stimulation of an erogenous zone.

Question 80

Regarding current sexual trends among young people,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Adolescents and young adults have always engaged in sexual experimentation and
Exploration.
B) Most young people emerge unscathed from their explorations if they clearly understand
That their encounters are casual and practice safe sex.
C) Casual sex is often viewed by young people as easier than facing the challenges of
Romantic attachment and finding a lifelong partner.
D) The sexual script in which friends have sex but aren't romantically involved is called
The hook-up script.