Deck 11: C: Gender and Sexuality

Question 1

Briana is seven-years-old and has been competing in beauty pageants for young girls since she was two.She has posters on her wall of beautiful models that she hopes to be like one day. According to recent studies,which of the following is Briana LEAST likely to exhibit?

A) low self-esteem and problems, such as depression and eating disorders
B) a higher performance on intellectual activities at school
C) an increasing tendency to engage in risky sexual behaviors at a younger age
D) being oversexualized

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Regarding sexual choices,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Six percent of first sexual intercourse experiences are against the person's will.
B) Pressures to engage in sex come significantly more from peers than from the individual's own expectations.
C) For a greater acceptance of sexuality to be constructive, people must feel that they have the right to say "no."
D) Greater sexual freedom is a positive development only for those ready for it.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Compared to American teenagers,teenagers around the world have their first sexual experience

A) earlier.
B) at the same age.
C) significantly later.
D) only after marriage.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Regarding a comparison of sexuality in the United States and other countries,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) On average, teenagers around the world have their first sexual experience as the same age as American teenagers.
B) A survey of 59 nations found that a "sexual revolution" has occurred around the world in both industrialized and developing countries.
C) In the countries in Africa where AIDS is epidemic, Africans report having fewer sexual partners than their counterparts in developing countries.
D) The high rates of venereal disease in Africa result from a lack of knowledge and access to condoms.

Question 5

The more comfortable acceptance of human sexuality has

A) pressured some individuals into sexual behavior because it is "expected."
B) increased the rate of extramarital sex dramatically.
C) decreased acquaintance or date rape.
D) resulted in all of these.

Question 6

How many women will experience rape or attempted rape in their lifetime?

A) one woman in six
B) one woman in 10
C) one woman in 20
D) one woman in 50

Question 7

Regarding a comparison of sexuality in the United States and other countries,which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) People from the United States are more likely to have had only one recent sexual partner, while people from developing countries have had two more recent partners.
B) A survey of 59 nations found that a "sexual revolution" like the one that occurred in the United States, has also occurred in most developing countries.
C) In the countries in Africa where AIDS is epidemic, Africans report having fewer sexual partners than their counterparts in developing countries.
D) On average, teenagers around the world have their first sexual experience at an earlier age than American teenagers.

Question 8

A person who narrowly equates sexual attractiveness with being "sexy" and feels valued only as a sexual object is exhibiting

A) unhealthy sexualization.
B) narcissism.
C) promiscuousness.
D) belief in the double standard.

Question 9

According to your text,in order for greater acceptance of sexuality to be constructive,

A) individuals must feel they have the right to say "no" to sex.
B) people must feel that they have choices regarding when, where, and how they will become sexually active.
C) sexual freedom needs to be combined with responsibility, caring, and commitment.
D) all of these must be true.

Question 10

Forced intercourse that occurs in the context of a date or other voluntary encounter is known as

A) familiarity rape.
B) second degree rape.
C) acquaintance rape.
D) romantic rape.

Question 11

Regarding oversexualizing within today's culture,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Oversexualization leads young girls to see themselves as having value only as sexual objects.
B) Young boys are just as likely to be oversexualized as young girls.
C) Oversexualization of children has led to mental health problems, such as a loss of self-esteem, eating disorders, depression, and feelings of shame.
D) Some studies have shown that sexualized girls perform more poorly on intellectual activities.

Question 12

The high rate of AIDS in countries in Africa is most likely due to all of the following EXCEPT

A) having more sexual partners than most developing countries.
B) the high rates of other venereal disease in Africa.
C) the lack of knowledge about preventing and treating venereal diseases.
D) the lack of access to condoms.

Question 13

Regarding rape facts and rape statistics,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) At least one woman in six will experience rape or attempted rape in her lifetime.
B) Marital rape is usually not accompanied by any other non-sexual violence.
C) Pregnancy is one result of rape in 32,000 cases every year.
D) Three percent of rape victims contract sexually transmitted diseases.

Question 14

According to recent research studies,oversexualizing of girls has resulted in all of the following EXCEPT

A) mental health problems, such as a loss of self-esteem, eating disorders, depression, and feelings of shame.
B) poorer performance on intellectual activities.
C) an increasing tendency for young girls to engage in risky sexual behaviors, such as unprotected oral sex.
D) narcissism and a lack of compassion for others.

Question 15

Many experts today fear that girls are being oversexualized by the influences of

A) beauty pageants for very young girls.
B) the public antics of female role models, such as Paris Hilton and Britney Spears.
C) popular fashions for young females.
D) all of these.

Question 16

Regarding rape facts and statistics,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Twenty to twenty-five percent of all female college students are victims of rape or attempted rape during their time at college with roughly one half of these rapes being date rapes.
B) From 10 to 14 percent of all married women have experienced marital rape, which is usually includes being beaten by their husbands.
C) Seventy-five percent of American women who have been sexually or physically assaulted reported that the perpetrator was a husband, intimate partner, or acquaintance.
D) Approximately four rapes out of five are typically reported to the police.

Question 17

The APA task force and findings from recent research studies indicate

A) that beauty pageants for young girls do not lead to oversexualizing of young girls.
B) that oversexualizing has no effect on a girl's intellectual performance.
C) that parents and educators should encourage young girls to develop relationships based on their personalities and interests, rather than on how they look.
D) all of these findings.

Question 18

According to a recent American Psychological Association Task Force,unhealthy sexualization can be distinguished from healthy sexuality by which of the following?

A) A person is valued solely due to sexual appearance or behavior and not other characteristics.
B) A person is led to narrowly equate sexual attractiveness with being "sexy."
C) A person is objectified sexually or inappropriately used sexually by another person.
D) by any of these statements

Question 19

Many experts today fear that influences,such as beauty pageants for very young girls and the public antics of female role models,such as Paris Hilton and Britney Spears,are leading young girls to be

A) oversexualized..
B) undersexualized
C) labeled as "easy."
D) labeled as "feminists."

Question 20

When an American woman is sexually or physically assaulted,what percent of the time is the perpetrator a husband,intimate partner,or acquaintance?

A) 45 percent
B) 60 percent
C) 75 percent
D) 92 percent

Question 21

After going to a movie and dinner,John asks Margo back to his apartment for a drink.While having their drinks,John turns on an "old movie," and they begin kissing.As their romantic encounter begins to intensify,Margo tells John to "stop" several times,but he continues with his advances and has intercourse with Margo.John has

A) committed acquaintance rape.
B) committed second degree rape.
C) not committed rape since Margo voluntarily went back to his apartment.
D) not committed rape since he did not become violent or use a weapon to force her to have intercourse.

Question 22

Regarding rape,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Forced sex is rape only when the rapist uses a weapon or becomes violent.
B) Men who commit date rape often believe that they have done nothing wrong.
C) Attitudes, such as "women should not show direct interest in sex," or "men should aggressively pursue sexual intimacy," create a "rape-supportive culture."
D) Research has confirmed a link between acceptance of rape myths and sexual violence toward women.

Question 23

The belief that a woman who is raped by an acquaintance actually wanted to have sex is an example of

A) biological biasing.
B) gender role adaptation.
C) a rape myth.
D) a sensate focus myth.

Question 24

In a recent study,college men read one of three stories,the first describing voluntary intercourse,the second depicting stranger rape,and the third describing date rape.This study showed that

A) those subjects high in gender role stereotyping were less aroused by both rape stories than the one depicting voluntary sex.
B) 44 percent of the college males tested would consider rape, especially if they could be sure of not being caught.
C) the arousal patterns of those subjects low in gender role stereotyping were similar to the arousal patterns of actual rapists.
D) all of these findings to be true.

Question 25

Forcible rape is

A) an act of brutality and aggression.
B) almost always committed by a psychotic.
C) a symbolic expression of male self-hatred.
D) still considered primarily a sex act by most experts.

Question 26

Regarding rape,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Twenty to twenty-five percent of all female college students are victims of rape or attempted rape during their time at college.
B) Rape occurs every six minutes in the United States with only one rape in five being reported.
C) Men who commit date or marital rape often believe that they have done nothing wrong.
D) The effects of acquaintance rape are less devastating than rape committed by a stranger.

Question 27

According to your text,forcible rape

A) is related to unmet sexual needs.
B) rarely involves violence.
C) is an act of aggression based on the need to debase others.
D) involves someone not known to the victim.

Question 28

False beliefs about rape that tend to blame the victim and increase the likelihood that some men will think that rape is justified are known as

A) biological biasing statements.
B) gender role adaptations.
C) rape myths.
D) sensate focus myths.

Question 29

A man is especially likely to ignore signals that a woman wants sexual advances to stop if he

A) is high in gender role stereotyping.
B) believes in rape myths.
C) has been drinking alcohol.
D) has any of these characteristics.

Question 30

According to psychologists Check and Malamuth,in a "rape-supportive culture,"

A) rape is an extreme expression of a system that condones coercive sexual activity.
B) gender role stereotyped images contribute to rape.
C) rape victims are mischaracterized as "really wanting to have had sex" with the rapist.
D) all of these statements are true.

Question 31

In a recent study,college men read one of three stories,the first describing voluntary intercourse,the second depicting stranger rape,and the third describing date rape.This study showed that

A) those high in gender role stereotyping were more aroused by the first story, but not by the second or third types of stories.
B) only ten percent of the college men in the study would ever consider rape, even if they could be sure of not being caught.
C) the arousal patterns of those subjects high in gender role stereotyping was similar to the arousal patterns of actual rapists.
D) their degree of gender role stereotyping had little influence on their arousal levels.

Question 32

Regarding rape,which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

A) Men who believe rape myths were found to be at no greater risk of committing date rape than men who did not believe the rape myths.
B) The use of alcohol has been found to have no effect on the likelihood of committing date rape or any other sexual assault.
C) A study of college men found that many tended to blame the women for causing the date rape.
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 33

Check and Malamuth's study of responses to stories involving voluntary intercourse and rape found that

A) only five percent of the college males tested would consider rape if they could get away with it.
B) college males high in sex-role stereotyping were most aroused by the rape stories.
C) none of the male students' responses were similar to actual rapists.
D) all of these statements were true.

Question 34

Forcible rape is carried out

A) under the threat of bodily injury.
B) by someone not known to the victim.
C) in a coercive manner, but is not necessarily violent.
D) in all of these ways.

Question 35

Greg and Linda met at a fraternity party and subsequently went out on a date.After the date,Greg went to Linda's apartment.They began "making out," and Greg became more sexually aggressive.Linda told Greg to "stop." Greg proceeded to have sexual intercourse with Linda even though she told him several times to stop.This example illustrates

A) the games men and women play with each other.
B) that Greg knew Linda really meant "yes," even though she said "no."
C) that Greg raped Linda.
D) that Linda teased Greg by "making out" and deserved to be raped.

Question 36

Which of the following has been one of the most successful ways of preventing sexual assault?

A) teaching women self-defense
B) educating men about rape myths
C) educating women how to dress and act around men
D) requiring sex offenders to register their location with the police

Question 37

Psychologists Check and Malamuth believe that gender role stereotypes,such as "women should not show direct interest in sex" and "men should take the initiative when it comes to
Sexual activity" create a system that condones coercive sexual intimacy,which they called
A(n)"__________ culture."

A) sexual dysfunctional
B) oversexualized
C) rape-supportive
D) sexual deviant

Question 38

Which of the following would be considered a rape myth?

A) If a woman goes to a man's home on a first date, then she is interested in having sex.
B) If a woman is sexually active, she is probably lying if she says she was raped.
C) A woman who appears alone in public and dresses attractively is "asking for it."
D) All of these are rape myths.

Question 39

Regarding rape,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Men who believe rape myths are probably at greater risk for committing date rape.
B) The use of alcohol increases the likelihood that date rape or other sexual assault will occur.
C) Rape occurs every six minutes in the United States.
D) A study of college men found that those who had committed date rape were later very remorseful and self-blaming.

Question 40

Beliefs such as "women should not show direct interest in sex" and "men should take the initiative when it comes to sexual activity and should persist in their attempts to have sex even when the woman says no" are examples of

A) sexual dysfunctions.
B) gender role stereotypes.
C) gender scripting.
D) sexual deviances.

Question 41

According to your text,men who carry out forcible rape

A) are acting on a need to debase women.
B) have higher than normal sex drives.
C) often show normal patterns of sexual intimacy.
D) demonstrate guilt after they have committed the rape.

Question 42

Regarding the after-effects for rape victims,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Typical after-effects for the victim include rage, guilt, shame, and a loss of self-esteem.
B) In many cases, the victim has a lasting mistrust of male-female relationships.
C) Most women have overcome their fear, anxiety, and sexual dysfunctions a year or two after being raped.
D) Rape survivors are more likely to suffer from depression, alcohol or drug abuse, and other emotional problems.

Question 43

Risky sex is a serious matter

A) because many people who carry STDs remain asymptomatic.
B) because it is easy to have an STD infection without knowing it.
C) because it is often impossible to tell if a sexual partner is infectious.
D) for all of these reasons.

Question 44

Tia has a sexually transmitted disease (STD)that can be treated but NOT cured.This STD is

A) gonorrhea.
B) genital herpes.
C) chlamydia.
D) syphilis.

Question 45

It is important to realize that many people who do transmit STDs are initially

A) non-infectious.
B) androgynous.
C) androgenital.
D) asymptomatic.

Question 46

Which of the following sexually transmitted conditions affects women,but NOT men?

A) hepatitis B
B) genital warts
C) pelvic inflammatory disease
D) chlamydia

Question 47

Examples of sexually transmitted diseases include which of the following?

A) gonorrhea and syphilis
B) herpes and HIV
C) chlamydia and hepatitis B
D) All of these are STDs.

Question 48

Which of the following is an infection passed from one person to another by intimate physical contact?

A) endogenous infection
B) exogenous infection
C) psychosomatic illness
D) sexually-transmitted disease

Question 49

Regarding rape and rapists,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Men can be victims of rape, especially homosexual rape.
B) Most psychologists believe that rape is strictly a sexual act.
C) Even years later, rape survivors are more likely to suffer from depression, alcohol or drug abuse, and other emotional problems.
D) Date rape is coercive, but not necessarily violent, while forcible rape is carried out under the threat of bodily injury.

Question 50

Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases can be currently prevented by a vaccination?

A) hepatitis B
B) AIDS
C) syphilis
D) gonorrhea

Question 51

In a study of sexually active teenage girls engaging in risky sex,nearly 90 percent of the girls thought that they had virtually no chance of getting a sexually transmitted disease (STD).
Over the next 18 months,what percent of the girls got chlamydia or gonorrhea?

A) five percent
B) 10 percent
C) 25 percent
D) 50 percent

Question 52

Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases can be treated and cured in most cases by antibiotics?

A) genital herpes
B) genital warts
C) chlamydia
D) hepatitis B

Question 53

AIDS is a compelling reason to be __________ about sexual behavior.

A) curious
B) cautious
C) indifferent
D) unconcerned

Question 54

Regarding studies of sexually active teenagers and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs),which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Nearly 90 percent of the teenage girls in one study thought that they had no chance of getting an STD, but one in four got chlamydia or gonorrhea within the next 18 months.
B) A study of sexual relationships at a Midwestern high school found that a student having
Sex with only one person had indirect contact with dozens or even hundreds of others.
C) Many people who carry STDs remain asymptomatic.
D) It is almost impossible for a person to have an STD without knowing it.

Question 55

Chlamydia,hepatitis B,and pelvic inflammatory disease are examples of

A) endogenous infections.
B) exogenous infections.
C) psychosomatic illnesses.
D) sexually-transmitted diseases.

Question 56

Regarding forcible rape,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Rapists often inflict more violence on their victims than is necessary to achieve their goal.
B) Some rapists harbor deep-seated resentment or outright hatred of women.
C) Most psychologists do not believe that rape is strictly a sexual act.
D) Most rapists feel remorse or guilt about their deed.

Question 57

Which of the following sexually-transmitted diseases can be treated and cured in most cases by antibiotics with the symptoms for both males and females including painless sores on the genitals,rectum,tongue,or lips; skin rash; fever; headache; and aching bones and joints?

A) genital herpes
B) syphilis
C) chlamydia
D) gonorrhea

Question 58

Which of the following sexually-transmitted diseases can be treated and cured in most cases by antibiotics with the symptoms for males being a milky discharge from the urethra and painful urination and for females,a vaginal discharge,inflammation,and painful urination?

A) genital herpes
B) syphilis
C) hepatitis B
D) gonorrhea

Question 59

Forcible rapists

A) act without concern for the feelings of their victims or guilt over the rape.
B) often harbor resentments or outright hatred of women.
C) carry out an act that is more brutal than sexual in nature.
D) are characterized by all of these.

Question 60

Regarding rape,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Forcible rape is carried out under the threat of bodily injury.
B) Date rate is coercive, but not necessarily violent.
C) Men cannot be the victims of rape.
D) The impact of rape is so great that most women continue to report fear, anxiety, and sexual dysfunction for a year or two after being raped.

Question 61

The AIDS virus can be transmitted by

A) eating foods prepared by an infected person.
B) sweat and tears.
C) social kissing.
D) none of these.

Question 62

Which of the following is risky behavior to engage in with a person infected with the AIDS virus?

A) anal sex, with or without a condom
B) oral sex with someone who engages in anal sex
C) sharing drug needles and syringes
D) all of these are risky behaviors

Question 63

The AIDS virus can be transmitted by

A) social kissing.
B) sharing towels.
C) direct contact with blood.
D) shaking hands.

Question 64

Individuals who contract which of the following sexually-transmitted diseases have to have the growths that occur removed by surgery or laser?

A) chlamydia
B) genital warts
C) pelvic inflammatory disease
D) gonorrhea

Question 65

The AIDS virus can be transmitted by direct contact with

A) semen.
B) vaginal secretions.
C) blood.
D) all of these.

Question 66

According to your textbook,which of the following is NOT a safe sexual behavior?

A) discussing contraception and your partner's sexual health prior to having sex
B) having sex only with people who are asymptomatic
C) not engaging in sex while intoxicated
D) not having sex

Question 67

Mild cases of this sexually-transmitted disease may have no symptoms,but infections can cause chronic liver disease,cirrhosis of the liver,or liver cancer?

A) chlamydia
B) syphilis
C) hepatitis B
D) gonorrhea

Question 68

Marta has a fever and is experiencing intense pain in her lower back and abdomen.The gynecologist tells her that she has a sexually-transmitted disease,which can be cured with antibiotics and is called __________.

A) genital herpes
B) genital warts
C) pelvic inflammatory disease
D) hepatitis B

Question 69

The spread of the AIDS virus is occurring

A) only among homosexuals.
B) only among bisexuals.
C) only among drug users.
D) among homosexuals, bisexuals, and heterosexuals.

Question 70

According to your textbook,which of the following is a FALSE statement concerning HIV and AIDS?

A) AIDS affects persons of all sexual orientations.
B) One can get AIDS from sharing drinking glasses or eating food prepared by an infected person.
C) The first symptoms of AIDS may show up as little as two months after infection, but they typically do not appear for ten years.
D) For at least the first six months after becoming infected, a person can test negative while carrying the virus.

Question 71

Which of the following causes symptoms that include prolonged fatigue,swollen lymph nodes,fever lasting more than ten days,night sweats,unexplained weight loss,purplish lesions on the skin,persistent cough or sore throat,persistent colds,persistent diarrhea,easy bruising or unexplained bleeding?

A) chlamydia
B) HIV/AIDS
C) hepatitis B
D) pelvic inflammatory disease

Question 72

Which of the following describes how AIDS kills its victims?

A) The virus prevents new cell growth.
B) The virus weakens the body to other diseases.
C) The virus attacks the brain.
D) The virus poisons the blood.

Question 73

Regarding HIV/AIDS,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) HIV can be transmitted through sweat, tears, and through social kissing.
B) Around the world, about half of all HIV cases are female.
C) Worldwide, two million people die each year from HIV/AIDS, and 2.7 million new infections occur.
D) For at least the first six months after becoming infected, a person can test negative while carrying the HIV virus.

Question 74

Regarding risky sexual behaviors and the spread of AIDS,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) According to research, only about two percent of sexually active teens do not know
How to use a condom correctly.
B) In the United States, between two and four of every 100 adults put themselves at high
Risk by engaging in risky sexual behaviors.
C) Over the next 15 years 65 million more people will die of AIDS unless prevention
Efforts are greatly expanded.
D) One study of HIV patients who knew they were infectious found that 41 percent of those who were sexually active did not always use condoms.

Question 75

Which of the following statements regarding the spread of HIV is FALSE?

A) AIDS has a relatively long incubation period during which time it cannot be spread to others.
B) Recently, the AIDS epidemic has spread more quickly among heterosexual women, African Americans, Hispanics, and children.
C) Most people with AIDS eventually die of multiple infections, although newer multi-drug therapies have greatly improved the odds of survival.
D) HIV infection is the leading cause of death among women and men between the ages of 25 and 44.

Question 76

According to your textbook,which of the following is a safe sexual behavior?

A) not having sex
B) sex with one mutually faithful, uninfected partner
C) discussing partner's sexual health prior to engaging in sex
D) all of these are safe sexual behaviors

Question 77

According to the text,the AIDS epidemic has recently spread more quickly among

A) heterosexuals and women.
B) African Americans and Hispanics.
C) children.
D) all of these groups.

Question 78

After becoming infected by the HIV virus,a person can still test negative for HIV for up to

A) two months.
B) four months.
C) six months.
D) one year.

Question 79

In North America,the people who are at greatest risk for HIV infection are

A) men who have had sex with other men.
B) heterosexuals with a history of multiple partners.
C) people who have shared needles for tattoos or for intravenous drug use.
D) all of these.

Question 80

Which is considered a risky behavior in relation to AIDS?

A) whispering close to someone
B) sharing drinking glasses
C) multiple sex partners
D) using a public toilet seat