Deck 14: C: Psychological Disorders

Question 1

Which disorder affects about 6.8 percent of all adults in a given year and involves the person having an intense,irrational fear of being observed,evaluated,embarrassed,or humiliated by others in everyday situations?

A) social phobia
B) generalized anxiety disorder
C) obsessive-compulsive disorder
D) acute stress disorder

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Arachnophobia is a fear of

A) germs.
B) blood.
C) heights.
D) spiders.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The descriptions "avio," and "arachno," and "claustro" refer to

A) common obsessions.
B) specific phobias.
C) free-floating anxieties.
D) hypochondrias.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Constance is extremely afraid of speaking or even eating in public.She is afraid that she will embarrass herself and that people will think terrible things about her.Consequently,she avoids being in public situations.This example illustrates

A) social phobia.
B) agoraphobia.
C) generalized anxiety disorder.
D) obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 5

Of the common specific phobias listed,which is the most common among Americans?

A) fear of insects, birds, snakes, and other animals
B) fear of airplanes
C) fear of closed spaces
D) fear of storms, thunder, and lightning

Question 6

Jessie is so afraid to drive across the long bridge across Lake Pontchartrain that he drives 50 miles out of his way when he visits his mother.Jessie would be diagnosed with

A) agoraphobia.
B) acute stress disorder.
C) a panic disorder.
D) a specific phobia.

Question 7

Triskaidekaphobia is the fear of

A) clowns.
B) strangers.
C) the number 13.
D) peanut butter sticking to the roof of the mouth.

Question 8

A fear of strangers is called

A) xenophobia.
B) astraphobia.
C) coulrophobia.
D) hematophobia.

Question 9

Susan is a very bright college student and does well in all of her classes,except for one.She is unable to graduate because she keeps withdrawing from speech class.The few times she has actually tried to present her well-written speeches,she has started shaking and sweating,her voice would quiver and then she would completely lose her train of thought.She would then leave the classroom and withdraw from the speech class.Susan would be diagnosed as having a(n)

A) panic disorder.
B) acute stress disorder.
C) social phobia.
D) generalized anxiety disorder.

Question 10

Acrophobia refers to fear of

A) heights.
B) open places.
C) spiders and other insects.
D) disease, decay, or death.

Question 11

Regarding specific phobias,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) People affected by phobias do not recognize that their fears are unreasonable.
B) People affected by phobias cannot control their reactions to the overwhelming fear they feel.
C) Almost every one has a few mild phobias.
D) For a phobic disorder to exist rather than a mild phobia, the person's fear must disrupt his or her daily life.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a correct match between the phobia and its definition?

A) xenophobia------------fear of strangers
B) astraphobia------------fear of airplanes
C) coulrophobia-----------fear of clowns
D) hematophobia---------fear of blood

Question 13

Regarding specific phobias,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) People affected by phobias recognize that their fears are unreasonable.
B) A phobic disorder differs from ordinary fears in that phobias produce overwhelming fear that may lead to vomiting, wild climbing or running, or fainting.
C) About 8.7 percent of all adults have a phobic disorder in a given year.
D) Fear of closed spaces is the most common specific phobia of Americans.

Question 14

Jarmin is a sports announcer who has an overwhelming fear of flying.He will spend hours or days driving from coast to coast for a job and has even turned down jobs because he could not get to that job on time by taking the train or by traveling by car.The few times he has tried to get on a plane,he became dizzy and sick to his stomach.Jarmin would be diagnosed with

A) agoraphobia.
B) acute stress disorder.
C) a panic disorder.
D) a specific phobia.

Question 15

Most people have mild phobias,but they are not considered phobia disorders unless the

A) person in question has previously had a traumatic experience with the object of their fear.
B) fear is disruptive to one's daily life.
C) person has had the fear since childhood.
D) phobia has been named, like claustrophobia; otherwise it is considered generalized anxiety.

Question 16

Regarding social phobias,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Less than one percent of all adults are affected by social phobias in a given year.
B) It is common for people with social phobias to have uncomfortable physical symptoms, such as sweating, hands shaking, mental confusion, and blushing.
C) People with social phobias avoid social situations, such as eating in public or using public rest rooms, enduring these situations with intense distress when they cannot be avoided.
D) Social phobias greatly impair a person's ability to work, attend school, or form personal relationships.

Question 17

People with specific phobia disorders

A) are often unsure of what they fear.
B) may have a mild fear of heights, for example, without experiencing overwhelming anxiety.
C) usually recognize that their fears are unreasonable.
D) are a very small minority with fewer than two percent of adults having a phobia in their lifetime.

Question 18

Arachibutyrophobia is the fear of

A) clowns.
B) strangers.
C) the number 13.
D) peanut butter sticking to the roof of the mouth.

Question 19

Fear of using a public rest room or eating in public would both be considered symptoms of a(n)

A) social phobia.
B) acute stress disorder.
C) panic disorder.
D) adjustment disorder.

Question 20

Regarding common specific phobias,which of the following specific phobias listed is the most common among Americans?

A) fear of crowds
B) fear of airplanes
C) fear of closed spaces
D) fear of storms, thunder, and lightning

Question 21

If a song or stupid commercial jingle repeats over and over in your mind,you are experiencing a mild type of

A) obsession.
B) compulsion.
C) phobia.
D) delusion.

Question 22

A ritualistic act that a person feels compelled to perform is called a(n)

A) compulsion.
B) obsession.
C) delusion.
D) regression.

Question 23

Whenever Jim has fearful thoughts,he starts naming the U.S.states.This irrational act of naming the U.S.states would be called a(n)

A) obsession.
B) phobia.
C) compulsion.
D) fugue state.

Question 24

Throughout the day,Judy is distracted by the thought that she has left her keys or her wallet locked in her car.As a result,she checks her purse dozens of times each day to be sure the keys and wallet are with her.In this example,Judy's constant checking her purse for her keys would be considered a(n)

A) phobia.
B) compulsion.
C) obsession.
D) paranoid delusion.

Question 25

Each night as Leo gets in bed,he has these intrusive,unwanted thoughts that he left the stove on or the door unlocked.So,he gets up and checks,but once back in bed,he thinks that he might have accidently turned on the stove or unlocked the door while he was checking them and goes back to the kitchen again.Leo is suffering from a condition known as __________ disorder.

A) obsessive-compulsive
B) somatization
C) generalized anxiety
D) paranoid delusional

Question 26

If your thoughts make you extremely nervous and compel you to rigidly repeat certain actions or routines,you would mostly likely have a(n)

A) social phobia.
B) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
C) generalized anxiety disorder.
D) delusional disorder.

Question 27

Thoughts or images that intrude into consciousness against a person's will are termed

A) phobias.
B) obsessions.
C) compulsions.
D) fantasies.

Question 28

Thoughts of violence or harm happening to a loved one or thoughts about being "dirty" or "unclean" are common examples of

A) phobias.
B) obsessions.
C) compulsions.
D) fantasies.

Question 29

Which of the following would be an example of a compulsion?

A) frequent hand washing
B) intrusive thoughts about sexual acts
C) persistent concern about air quality in one's workplace
D) repeatedly envisioning a violent act against a specific family member

Question 30

Persons who constantly think that they are dirty or contaminated with germs may wash their hands several times in an hour,a behavior that would be called a(n)

A) phobia.
B) obsession.
C) compulsion.
D) anxiety attack.

Question 31

A person who is a frequent "checker," "cleaner," or "hoarder" may have which disorder?

A) agoraphobia
B) somatization disorder
C) free-floating fugue
D) obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 32

An obsession is to a compulsion as an unwanted thought is to an unwanted

A) emotion.
B) phobia.
C) behavior.
D) anxiety.

Question 33

Which of the following would be an example of an obsession?

A) reinserting one's house key seven times before leaving to be sure the door is locked
B) checking CNN every 20 minutes for reports about asteroids approaching Earth
C) thinking several times an hour about the family pet escaping though an open yard gate
D) counting one's heart rate as a distraction from sexually arousing thoughts

Question 34

Which of the following disorders may simply involve extreme orderliness and rigid routines with this attention to detail and rules helping to keep activities totally under control and making the highly anxious person feel more secure?

A) obsessive-compulsive disorder
B) somatization disorder
C) agoraphobia
D) conversion disorder

Question 35

Michelle feels that everything she touches is contaminated and dirty; so she cleans her house from morning to night and writes down what she cleans in a book.Once she cleans something,she avoids touching it.If she were to touch the object,it would become contaminated,and she would have to clean it again.Michelle would most likely be diagnosed with a(n)

A) conversion disorder.
B) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
C) dissociative disorder.
D) generalized anxiety disorder.

Question 36

An obsession involves

A) something you cannot stop thinking about.
B) a behavior that you cannot stop performing.
C) saying something over and over.
D) repeated self-destructive behavior.

Question 37

Someone who constantly repeats nursery rhymes in her mind to block out recurring sexual fantasies is suffering from a(n)

A) panic disorder.
B) traumatic psychosis.
C) psychosexual disorder.
D) obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 38

Thoughts about whether one has performed some action,such as locking the door or about committing immoral acts are common examples of

A) obsessions.
B) phobias.
C) compulsions.
D) fantasies.

Question 39

A minister who finds profanities popping into her mind starts counting her heartbeats in order to prevent thinking about the "dirty" words.She most likely has

A) agoraphobia.
B) somatization disorder.
C) social phobia.
D) obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 40

The distinction between obsessions and compulsions is the distinction between

A) engaging in behaviors that are merely inconvenient and those that are severely disruptive.
B) having positive and negative feelings toward an object or event.
C) thoughts that are evidence of neurosis and those that are evidence of psychosis.
D) having repetitious thoughts and engaging in repetitious actions.

Question 41

Doris was at fault in a car accident in which her friend was killed.Although Doris's physical injuries were minor and did not involve head trauma,she was unable to remember who she was or what had happened for a week afterward.This is an example of

A) generalized anxiety disorder.
B) post-traumatic stress disorder.
C) a fugue.
D) dissociative amnesia.

Question 42

According to the text,dissociations are often triggered by

A) drug use.
B) organic brain damage.
C) traumatic events.
D) nothing that can be clearly identified as a cause.

Question 43

Which of the following disorders involves a significant emotional disturbance caused by the occurrence of horrible events outside the range of normal human experiences,such as earthquakes,child molestation,or terrorism?

A) stress disorders
B) conversion disorders
C) somatoform disorders
D) dissociative disorders

Question 44

Which of the following is NOT a dissociative disorder?

A) schizophrenia
B) fugue
C) multiple personality
D) amnesia

Question 45

Carson recently lost his job and has a great debt accumulated from gambling.He also has been feeling extreme pressure about not being able to take care of his eight children.After he was robbed at gunpoint on the street,but was not physically hurt,Carson could not tell the officer his name,address,or anything about his past.Carson is experiencing a

A) dissociative amnesia.
B) dissociative identity disorder.
C) psychosomatic conversion disorder.
D) hypochondriasis.

Question 46

Which of the following is an example of dissociative amnesia?

A) Carl frequently forgets the names of people he does not like.
B) Gwen often tries to draw attention by pretending she doesn't remember who she is.
C) Following a series of personal traumas, Vince could not identify himself or recall his past.
D) Laura recalls her name and past, but not events that have happened since a concussion in May.

Question 47

Acute stress disorder and PTSD can be distinguished from each other by

A) how long the disturbance lasts.
B) the severity of the stress.
C) whether the anxiety is free-floating.
D) whether dissociative behavior is observed.

Question 48

Aaron's home was destroyed in a tornado a week ago.Right after the tornado,Aaron had difficulty sleeping and had frequent nightmares about tornadoes when he did go to sleep.He also experienced difficulty concentrating at work and became visibly nervous whenever he saw the wind blowing harder than a breeze.Three weeks after the tornado,Aaron appears to be settling down and is sleeping better and able to function at work like before the tornado.Aaron suffered from a(n)__________ disorder.

A) post-traumatic stress
B) generalized anxiety
C) somatoform pain
D) acute stress

Question 49

Regarding stress disorders,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Eight percent of military veterans still suffer post-traumatic stress decades after they were in combat.
B) Acute stress disorder lasts more than three months but less than a year.
C) Stress disorders occur when people experience stresses outside the range of normal human experience.
D) Symptoms of stress disorders may include insomnia, nightmares, irritability, explosive anger, or blunted emotions.

Question 50

Ron served in Iraq as part of a special operations team that was pinned down for nearly 20 hours by enemy fire.After 18 months,he continued to relive the episode.This is a symptom of

A) post-traumatic stress disorder.
B) generalized anxiety disorder.
C) panic disorder with agoraphobia.
D) dissociative fugue.

Question 51

Mary was raped outside a local movie theatre over two months ago.Since then,she constantly imagines the circumstances of the rape,is afraid to go to the movies or the mall and avoids doing so,and has frequent nightmares about being raped.Mary's reaction would be classified as a(n)__________ disorder.

A) obsessive-compulsive
B) post-traumatic stress
C) acute stress
D) dissociative

Question 52

Which statement about stress disorders is FALSE?

A) Blunted emotions and avoiding reminders of the event are some of the symptoms of stress disorders.
B) Acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder differ only in the duration of symptoms.
C) Post-traumatic stress disorder rarely lasts longer than six months.
D) About 3.5 percent of adults suffer from post-traumatic stress in any given year.

Question 53

Tony has frequent,intrusive recollections of his combat experiences in Vietnam that occurred almost 40 years ago.He has episodes of insomnia due to frequent nightmares about his experiences.Tony also avoids particular situations,like war movies and firework displays because he becomes so tense.It is most likely that Tony is suffering from a(n)___________ disorder.

A) generalized anxiety
B) post-traumatic stress
C) acute stress
D) dissociative fugue

Question 54

Which of the following disorders is characterized by symptoms of extensive amnesia,sudden,unexplained traveling from home,and confusion about one's personal identity?

A) dissociative identity disorder
B) dissociative fugue
C) somatoform conversion disorder
D) regressive schizophrenia

Question 55

Which of the following are NOT identified in the text as symptoms of stress disorders?

A) insomnia, nightmares, and poor concentration
B) hypochondriasis and somatoform pain
C) irritability and explosive anger or aggression
D) wariness, blunted emotions, and reliving the event

Question 56

Jeremy is unable to recall who he is or where he lives.If Jeremy's only symptom is this loss of memory,and if he has not experienced any physical trauma to the brain,his amnesia would be considered a(n)__________ disorder.

A) somatoform
B) anxiety
C) delusional
D) dissociative

Question 57

If obsessive-compulsive patterns are long-standing,but less intense,then they are classified as a __________ disorder.

A) mood
B) somatization
C) personality
D) conversion

Question 58

Which of the following is a psychological disturbance that lasts more than one month or even years following stresses that would produce anxiety in anyone who experienced them?

A) agoraphobia
B) dissociative disorder
C) acute stress disorder
D) post-traumatic stress disorder

Question 59

Regarding dissociative disorders,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Dissociative fugue may be classified as a subtype of dissociative amnesia in the upcoming DSM-5.
B) Some experts question the existence of multiple personalities.
C) Schizophrenia is the most common type of dissociative disorder.
D) Dissociations may serve as defenses against the extreme anxiety of traumatic events.

Question 60

Which of the following is a psychological disturbance that lasts up to one month following stresses that would produce anxiety in anyone who experienced them?

A) agoraphobia
B) dissociative disorder
C) acute stress disorder
D) post-traumatic stress disorder

Question 61

Developing amnesia and fleeing from familiar surroundings to escape extreme threat is called

A) agoraphobia.
B) conversion reaction.
C) psychosomatic fight-or-flight.
D) fugue.

Question 62

Regarding dissociative identity disorders,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) A history of heavy drug use as teenagers was found in over 95 percent of persons whose personalities later split into multiple identities.
B) The goal of therapy is integration and fusion of the identities into a single, balanced personality.
C) Therapy for dissociative identity disorders makes use of hypnosis, which allows contact with the various personality states.
D) A majority of psychologists continue to believe that multiple identity is a real, but rare problem.

Question 63

In most cases,dissociative identity disorder occurs as a response to

A) an overdose of drugs or alcohol.
B) inconsistency in parental discipline.
C) a concussion or other injury to the brain.
D) extreme sexual abuse or other trauma in childhood.

Question 64

Even though she is very healthy,Renee is overconcerned with her health.She is preoccupied with developing cancer,so she spends a lot of time reading about cancer,checking her moles,and going for cancer screenings more often than necessary.Renee is most likely suffering from

A) conversion disorder.
B) hypochondriasis.
C) organic mental disorder.
D) psychosomatic illness.

Question 65

Which of the following is an example of dissociative fugue?

A) Len feels that he is a woman trapped in a man's body.
B) Jerry is found disoriented, wandering in Manhattan, hundreds of miles from his home in Kentucky.
C) Clara is arrested in Chicago for using a false identity to commit credit card fraud.
D) At times, Ben claims to be a mechanic named Jack and, at other times, a financial consultant named Trevor.

Question 66

Three years after Hurricane Katrina,Shelia's family found her living in Los Angeles,California,under the self-chosen name of Priscilla Elliot and working as a bartender.Sheila claimed to have no memory of her previous life as a nurse in Houston or all the lives she had saved during the Hurricane.Sheila appears to have

A) schizophrenia.
B) a dissociative fugue.
C) a dissociative identity disorder.
D) a bipolar disorder.

Question 67

Dorothy,a Connecticut homemaker,disappeared after her husband and children were killed in a car accident.Four months later,she was found in Mobile,Alabama,working as a waitress.Dorothy claimed that her name was Abby,which was her daughter's name,and that she did not know anyone by the name of Dorothy.Even after being positively identified by family members,Dorothy continued to insist that her name was Abby.Dorothy is most likely suffering from

A) a dissociative fugue disorder.
B) a bipolar disorder.
C) schizophrenia.
D) a conversion disorder.

Question 68

If the goal of therapy is the integration and fusion of the separate identities into a single,balanced personality,the patient most likely has which type of disorder?

A) bipolar disorder
B) dissociative disorder
C) obsessive-compulsive disorder
D) schizophrenia

Question 69

Which of the following is an example of dissociative identity disorder?

A) Ed has a shy personality, but he sometimes abruptly takes on the personality of Sal, a rather brash scoundrel.
B) Because of intense hostility toward her parents, Michelle had her name legally changed to "X".
C) Eighty-year-old David has recently been having trouble remembering his name and past due to a circulation problem.
D) Lisa, who believes that she is daughter of Joan of Arc, hears voices and often can be seen talking out loud to herself.

Question 70

Which of the following disorders was formerly referred to as multiple personalities and is characterized by having two or more alternating personalities,each with its own name,personal history,and self-image?

A) schizophrenia
B) dissociative fugue
C) dissociative identity disorder
D) bipolar disorder

Question 71

A person who regularly interprets normal body sensations as signs of a serious disease has

A) a conversion reaction.
B) hypochondriasis.
C) a psychosomatic disorder.
D) a delusional disorder.

Question 72

Regarding dissociative identity disorder,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) When a person has a dissociative identity disorder, the person often experiences episodes of psychosis.
B) When one personality is in control, the core personality will experience a "time lapse," or a memory blackout.
C) Each personality may have a distinct voice, vocabulary, and posture, that another personality does not have.
D) Identity disorders often begin with unbearable childhood experiences with the first dissociation allowing the child to escape by creating another person to suffer the pain.

Question 73

Even though Tomas has never smoked,he immediately thinks that his bad cough is the result of lung cancer rather than the common cold.Tomas is most likely suffering from

A) conversion disorder.
B) hypochondriasis.
C) organic mental disorder.
D) psychosomatic illness.

Question 74

The story of Sybil,a woman who had 16 separate personalities,illustrates multiple personality,which is a rare form of

A) bipolar disorder.
B) schizophrenia.
C) dissociative disorder.
D) personality disorder.

Question 75

Hypochondriasis,pain disorders,and conversion disorders are types of __________ disorders.

A) psychosomatic
B) dissociative
C) somatoform
D) organic mental

Question 76

Multiple personality,or dissociative identity disorder,often begins

A) as a result of combat exhaustion.
B) in adulthood as a response to unremitting phobias.
C) as a consequence of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D) in childhood as a result of unbearable experiences.

Question 77

The extreme reaction known as fugue refers to

A) physical flight to escape conflict.
B) severe depression.
C) hallucinations.
D) obsessive behavior.

Question 78

The dynamics of a fugue episode involve

A) repetitious thoughts and actions to control anxiety.
B) flight from conflict or threat.
C) redirection of hostile impulses into socially acceptable behavior.
D) denial of one's true feelings by acting in the opposite manner.

Question 79

A person that has the dissociative disorder known as a fugue exhibits a confusion about his or her personal identity and

A) abruptly travels away from home.
B) develops a severe depression.
C) has frequent auditory hallucinations.
D) shows obsessive behavior.

Question 80

Susan was unable to explain or remember her frequent escapades,strange clothing,or phone calls from people she claimed she did not know.While in a therapy session,Susan's demeanor changed and she became Jan,who stated that Susan was a bore and did not know anything.Susan's psychologist thinks that Susan may be suffering from

A) schizophrenia.
B) a dissociative fugue.
C) a dissociative identity disorder.
D) a bipolar disorder.