Deck 5: Dissociative and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

Question 1

In the past,it was theorized that the symptoms of conversion disorder mask unconscious sources of __________.

A)anger
B)anxiety
C)aggression
D)sexual urges

Answer 1

anxiety

Question 2

Many practitioners continue to use the broad concept of neurosis as a framework for classifying all of the following EXCEPT __________ disorders.

A)dissociative
B)somatoform
C)affective
D)anxiety

Answer 2

affective

Question 3

In diagnosing dissociative disorder,there need to be __________ or more distinct or alternate personalities.

A)two
B)three
C)four
D)five

Answer 3

two

Question 4

Multiple personality cases appear to be culture-bound and are largely restricted to _______.

A)the United States
B)Asia
C)North America
D)Europe

Question 5

André woke up this morning and found himself totally blind.His physician can find no organic basis for his blindness.André doesn't appear to be worried about his loss of sight.In fact,he's almost indifferent to it.He is suffering from a(n)________ disorder.

A)anxiety
B)somatoform
C)dissociative
D)adjustment

Question 6

Dissociative and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders theoretically involve ________.

A)anxiety
B)depression
C)psychosis
D)mania

Question 7

Each of the following is true of dissociative identity disorder EXCEPT ________.

A)different personalities can show different allergic reactions
B)different personalities may require different eyeglass prescriptions
C)the various personalities are never aware of each other
D)one personality may be colour blind,while the other personalities retain perfect colour vision

Question 8

The key feature of ________ disorders is a change or disturbance in the functions of self-identity,memory,or consciousness that make the personality whole.

A)anxiety
B)somatoform
C)dissociative
D)adjustment

Question 9

The term "split personality" actually refers to ________.

A)schizophrenia
B)depersonalization/derealization disorder
C)dissociative identity disorder
D)bipolar affective disorder

Question 10

The number of reported cases of dissociative identity disorder has __________ over time.

A)risen
B)dropped
C)remained the same
D)dropped drastically

Question 11

Philippe claims to have 16 different personalities,each with its own unique traits and memories,living inside him.If his claims are accurate,he is suffering from ________.

A)schizophrenia
B)schizoid personality disorder
C)depersonalization/derealization disorder
D)dissociative identity disorder

Question 12

The term ________ is now used to describe what used to be called multiple personality disorder.

A)schizotypal personality disorder
B)depersonalization/derealization disorder
C)dissociative identity disorder
D)schizoid personality disorder

Question 13

Dissociative and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders were categorized as ________ in early editions of the DSM.

A)neuroses
B)psychoses
C)affective disorders
D)personality disorders

Question 14

After Chris Sizemore's personality was apparently integrated,________.

A)she never had any further problems with splitting of her personality
B)she claims to have developed psychic abilities
C)she became so severely depressed she attempted suicide several times
D)it fragmented into 22 subsequent personalities

Question 15

According to Spanos,multiple personality is not a distinct disorder,but a form of ______ where individuals first come to construe themselves as having multiple selves and then begin to act in ways that are consistent with their conception of the disorder.

A)brain damage
B)hypnosis
C)neurosis
D)role-playing

Question 16

The DSM-5 cautions that dissociative identity disorder has lately become ______ in people who are highly suggestible,leading them to be overly compliant with suggestions that they might have it.

A)overlooked
B)underdiagnosed
C)overdiagnosed
D)correctly diagnosed

Question 17

Dissociative disorders involve "splitting off" of all of the following EXCEPT __________.

A)memory
B)consciousness
C)identity
D)reality

Question 18

André shows no signs of overt anxiety,but says he can no longer remember who he is.He claims he cannot recognize any of his close family members,even though there is nothing medically wrong with him.André is suffering from a(n)________ disorder.

A)anxiety
B)somatoform
C)dissociative
D)adjustment

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a dissociative disorder?

A)conversion disorder
B)fugue
C)dissociative amnesia
D)depersonalization/derealization disorder

Question 20

Researchers at the University of Western Ontario suggest that some overzealous clinicians might be helping to manufacture that which they are seeking in the case of _________.

A)role playing
B)dissociative amnesia
C)dissociative schizophrenia
D)dissociative identity disorder

Question 21

Receiving attention from others and evading accountability for unacceptable behaviours are two possible sources of __________ in dissociative identity disorder

A)role-playing
B)reinforcement
C)secondary gain
D)punishment

Question 22

Years ago,Sari had an extramarital affair.Although she can remember the period of time in which the affair took place,including all the details of her marriage and family life,she cannot remember the affair itself.She is suffering from ________ amnesia.

A)selective
B)intermittent
C)localized
D)systematized

Question 23

The term split personality refers to __________,not schizophrenia.

A)multiple personality disorder
B)personality disorders
C)neuroses
D)dissociative disorders

Question 24

In the Kenneth Bianchi case,Ken attempted to divert blame for his actions by claiming to be suffering from ________.

A)dissociative amnesia
B)dissociative fugue
C)schizophrenia
D)dissociative identity disorder

Question 25

Sudden loss of ability to recall important personal information,usually related to traumatic or stressful experiences,in the absence of any physical trauma to the brain or drug intoxication,characterizes ________.

A)dissociative fugue
B)dissociative amnesia
C)retrograde amnesia
D)depersonalization/derealization disorder

Question 26

Jemena has forgotten her entire life.She cannot remember who she is,what career she is pursuing,where she lives,or who she lives with.Although she retains all of her habits,tastes,skills,and objective knowledge,she has forgotten all personal information that would reveal her identity.She is suffering from ________ amnesia.

A)selective
B)generalized
C)localized
D)continuous

Question 27

Falsely claiming amnesia as a means of escaping responsibility is ________.

A)malingering
B)dissociating
C)dissembling
D)obfuscating

Question 28

In cases of multiple personality disorder,the number of reported alternate personalities has ________.

A)declined steadily in recent years
B)remained steady since the beginning of the century
C)declined in recent years after rising steadily through the 1960s and 1970s
D)increased steadily in recent years

Question 29

Sandy was recently involved in a horrifying car accident.She was lucky to emerge from the accident with only minor physical injuries.However,she can't remember anything that happened from about two hours before the accident until she woke up in hospital the next day.She is suffering from ________ amnesia.

A)selective
B)generalized
C)localized
D)systematized

Question 30

The type of dissociative amnesia in which all events occurring within a specific time period are forgotten,typically those involving some stressful event that happened during that time period,is called ________ amnesia.

A)selective
B)generalized
C)localized
D)systematized

Question 31

Each of the following statements is true EXCEPT ________.

A)each of the personalities in multiple personality shows more integrated functioning than is seen in people with schizophrenia
B)split personality is the term commonly used by laypersons to describe multiple personality
C)schizophrenia is much more common than multiple personality
D)multiple personality is a type of schizophrenia

Question 32

Psychogenic amnesia is the original name for what is now called ________.

A)dissociative amnesia
B)retrograde amnesia
C)dissociative fugue
D)depersonalization/derealization disorder

Question 33

Each of the following statements about multiple personality disorder is true EXCEPT ________.

A)the disorder is found in virtually all major cultures throughout the world
B)the disorder has become overdiagnosed in people who are suggestible
C)estimates on its prevalence are often obtained from clinicians who specialize in treating multiple personality
D)increased public attention to the disorder may result in the perception that its prevalence is greater than commonly believed

Question 34

In the Bianchi case,Spanos implied that Kenneth Bianchi was ________.

A)a legitimate multiple personality
B)cued into role-playing a person with multiple personality
C)a legitimate schizophrenic
D)cued into role-playing a person with schizophrenia

Question 35

The type of dissociative amnesia in which people forget only the disturbing or stressful events that took place in a given time period,but remember everything else about that time period,is called ________ amnesia.

A)selective
B)intermittent
C)localized
D)systematized

Question 36

The type of dissociative amnesia in which people forget their entire lives,repressing all personal information while retaining objective information and personal skills,tastes,and habits,is called ________.

A)selective
B)generalized
C)localized
D)continuous

Question 37

Most types of dissociative amnesia involve ________.

A)selective amnesia
B)generalized amnesia
C)localized amnesia
D)continuous amnesia

Question 38

Ollie wakes up one morning and can't remember who he is or who any of his friends and relatives are.He can't remember where he works or even where he lives.A physician is unable to find anything physically wrong with Ollie's brain,although Ollie's friends say he's been under some stress recently.Ollie is probably suffering from ________.

A)dissociative fugue
B)dissociative amnesia
C)retrograde amnesia
D)depersonalization/derealization disorder

Question 39

Years ago,Monique had a very "messy" extramarital affair.While she still remembers the affair,when thoughtless people bring it up in conversation,she claims to have no memory of the affair or of the person with whom she had it.Monique's pretending to have amnesia is a form of ________.

A)malingering
B)loafing
C)dissociative fugue
D)depersonalization/derealization disorder

Question 40

The Spanos study highlighted the role of ________ in diagnosing dissociative identity disorder.

A)behavioural cues
B)gender differences
C)societal expectations
D)early childhood trauma

Question 41

Ollie is a mystery.He experienced a sudden loss of memory,left his home in Toronto,and travelled to California,where he established a new identity for himself.He has no memory of his life in Toronto and has filled his mind with bogus memories that he doesn't realize are not genuine.He is suffering from ________.

A)dissociative amnesia with dissociative fugue
B)dissociative amnesia
C)depersonalization/derealization disorder
D)dissociative identity disorder

Question 42

Which of the following is NOT true of people in a fugue state?

A)Their new identity is usually more withdrawn and inhibited than their original personality.
B)Their sense of self usually returns in a matter of hours or days.
C)They act more purposefully than people with amnesia.
D)When they regain memory of their original identity,they may lose all memories of their activities during the fugue state.

Question 43

In Dimitry's case in the text (the trip to Disney World),Dimitry was suffering from an episode of ________.

A)dissociative fugue
B)dissociative amnesia
C)depersonalization/derealization
D)malingering

Question 44

Fugue can be difficult to distinguish from ________.

A)amnesia
B)multiple personality
C)malingering
D)schizoid personality disorder

Question 45

Single,brief episodes of depersonalization/derealization are experienced by about ________ of all adults.

A)one-fourth
B)one-third
C)one-half
D)two-thirds

Question 46

A temporary loss or change in the usual sense of one's own reality,in which a person feels detached from mind or body,is called ________.

A)amnesia
B)fugue
C)depersonalization/derealization
D)conversion disorder

Question 47

Petra is talking with her best friend when she begins to feel anxious and dizzy and fears that she might be "going crazy." Time seems to be passing in slow motion and her friend appears to be the size of a toy baby doll.The feelings and sensations slowly fade as her senses return to normal.Petra has just suffered an episode of ________.

A)dissociative fugue
B)episodic psychosis
C)depersonalization/derealization
D)conversion disorder

Question 48

Millie feels as if she were a robot,watching herself from outside her body as she begins kissing her new boyfriend.This feeling of being in a dream or operating on "automatic pilot" happens to her whenever she begins to get emotionally aroused.She appears to be suffering from ________.

A)dissociative identity disorder
B)dissociative amnesia with dissociative fugue
C)depersonalization/derealization disorder
D)conversion disorder

Question 49

Depersonalization/derealization is different from other dissociative disorders in that it ________.

A)protects the individual from anxiety
B)is not associated with anxiety
C)involves distortion of one's sense of identity
D)frequently generates anxiety

Question 50

The word fugue derives its meaning from the term meaning ________.

A)lost
B)fight
C)flight
D)to wander

Question 51

Which of the following statements is true of fugue and amnesia?

A)Fugue and amnesia are both relatively common disorders.
B)While fugue is rare,amnesia is relatively common.
C)While amnesia is rare,fugue is relatively common.
D)Fugue and amnesia are both relatively rare disorders.

Question 52

The most rare form of amnesia is __________ amnesia.

A)localized
B)generalized
C)selective
D)specific

Question 53

All of the following statements are true about people who exhibit dissociative amnesia with dissociative fugue EXCEPT __________.

A)they always act purposely during the fugue state
B)they may assume new identities that are opposite from their former selves
C)they may establish new families
D)they can recall all events that occurred during the fugue state

Question 54

In diagnosing dissociative amnesia,a clinician must rule out __________.

A)psychosis
B)anxiety
C)organic causes
D)neurosis

Question 55

Changes in perception of surroundings,or in the passage of time,in which people or objects may seem to change their size and shape and in which time may appear to pass more slowly,are called ________.

A)delusions
B)fugue
C)depersonalization/derealization
D)conversion disorder

Question 56

Some researchers believe that many cases of __________ are caused by brain injury or trauma.

A)dissociative fugue
B)dissociative identity disorder
C)dissociative amnesia
D)depersonalization/derealization disorder

Question 57

Feelings experienced by people exhibiting depersonalization/derealization resemble the feelings of __________.

A)dissociative fugue
B)anxiety
C)generalized amnesia
D)dissociative amnesia

Question 58

Fugue is believed to affect about 2 people in ________.

A)200
B)500
C)1000
D)5000

Question 59

Estimates are that ________ % of the population experiences dissociative experiences at one time or another.

A)10-20
B)30-40
C)60-70
D)80-90

Question 60

Depersonalization/derealization is most closely related to ________ disorders.

A)other dissociative
B)bipolar affective
C)panic
D)adjustment

Question 61

__________ people with multiple personalities report being physically or sexually abused as children.Most people abused as children do not develop multiple personalities.

A)Rarely do
B)All
C)Twenty percent of
D)The great majority of

Question 62

Each of the following is true of people with dissociative identity disorder EXCEPT ________.

A)as children,they often have imaginary friends and play "make believe"
B)they show a variety of personality traits which,in themselves,lead to dissociative disorders
C)they may be hypnotizing themselves into trancelike states in which they enact their alter personalities
D)they are highly suggestible,hypnotizable,and open to altered states of consciousness

Question 63

The vast majority of people exposed to trauma ________ dissociative disorders.

A)do develop
B)do not develop
C)will develop a form of
D)will mimic

Question 64

Psychoanalysis helps people deal with dissociative identity disorder by ________.

A)helping people learn more effective coping behaviours for current problems caused by the disorder
B)helping people find their "true selves" and actualize their hidden potential
C)teaching people to change maladaptive thoughts and irrational beliefs
D)helping people learn to uncover and cope with early childhood trauma

Question 65

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A)Under some circumstances,people who are given plausible but false information about their childhoods may come to believe the information is true.
B)Total amnesia concerning childhood trauma,such as sexual abuse,is rare.
C)It is possible for adults to recover memories of childhood abuse.
D)New research tools have made it possible to distinguish real memories from false ones.

Question 66

Each of the following is a diagnostic criterion for depersonalization/derealization disorder EXCEPT ________.

A)the depersonalization/derealization experiences are severe enough to cause marked distress
B)the individual is unable to maintain reality testing during the depersonalization/derealization state
C)the depersonalization/derealization experiences cannot be attributed to other disorders
D)the depersonalization/derealization experiences must be recurrent or persistent

Question 67

Recovered memories of sexual abuse in childhood often occur following ________.

A)exposure to a situational cue that causes the repressed memories to flood back into conscious awareness
B)suggestive probing by a therapist or hypnotist
C)periods of extreme stress in the victim's adult life
D)the death of the abusive parent

Question 68

________ have been developed to help people with multiple personalities integrate their alter personalities.

A)No drugs
B)Several antidepressant drugs
C)Several minor tranquilizers
D)Several major tranquilizers

Question 69

Reports on the effectiveness of psychoanalytic therapy in treating dissociative disorders rely mostly on ________ studies.

A)case
B)correlational
C)dissociative fugue
D)experimental

Question 70

Each of the following statements is true of the psychodynamic perspective on dissociative disorders EXCEPT ________.

A)the development of alter personalities may stabilize and help the person develop and maintain a unified personality
B)the process of dissociation represents a psychological defense
C)alter identities or personalities may provide a means of expressing deep-seated resentments that the individual is unable to integrate into his or her primary personality
D)alter identities may serve as a way of coping with stressful situations

Question 71

There is considerable evidence of a connection between dissociative identity disorder and ________.

A)damage to the cerebellum
B)childhood trauma
C)adjustment problems during adolescence
D)a family history of borderline personality development

Question 72

Dissociative amnesia and fugue are usually ________.

A)transient and disappear slowly over time
B)chronic and rarely disappear without professional treatment
C)recurrent and persistent
D)transient and disappear abruptly

Question 73

Dissociative identity disorder appears to ________.

A)serve a protective role by blocking out painful memories of abuse
B)serve a wish-fulfillment role for people with inadequate self-esteem and poor self-identity development
C)be statistically linked to a family history of paranoid schizophrenia
D)result from the id breaking through into conscious awareness

Question 74

According to psychodynamic theory,dissociative disorders involve the massive use of ________.

A)regression
B)projection
C)repression
D)reaction formation

Question 75

Episodes of depersonalization/derealization can be ________.

A)transient and disappear slowly over time
B)recurrent but not usually persistent
C)recurrent and persistent
D)transient and disappear abruptly

Question 76

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A)People with dissociative identity disorder may be hypnotizing themselves into trance-like states in which they enact their alternate personalities.
B)Children and adults with dissociative identity disorder tend to be highly hypnotizable.
C)Most children who suffer sexual child abuse go on to develop some degree of dissociative identity disorder.
D)Children who go on to develop multiple personality disorder are likely to have active imaginations and rich fantasy lives.

Question 77

Consistent with the ___________ model,only certain individuals may be predisposed to develop dissociative disorders when exposed to severe stress.

A)learning
B)psychodynamic
C)diathesis-stress
D)mental health

Question 78

Preliminary evidence suggests that __________ therapy and some types of medication may be helpful in treating depersonalization/derealization disorder.

A)cognitive-behavioural
B)psychodynamic
C)classical
D)humanistic

Question 79

The Coon (1986)study found that ________ patients with multiple personalities were completely reintegrated using psychodynamic treatment methods.

A)5 of 20
B)10 of 20
C)15 of 20
D)10 of 20 .

Question 80

Episodes of depersonalization/derealization are most likely to occur ________.

A)totally at random
B)when people are involved in work requiring intense concentration
C)when people are undergoing periods of mild anxiety or depression
D)when people are relaxed and have "let their guard down"