Deck 9: Gender Dysphoria,paraphilic Disorders,and Sexual Dysfunctions

Question 1

Knowing that people with Gender Dysphoria show cross-gender preferences in toys,games,and clothing very early in childhood gives evidence for __________ being a factor in Gender Dysphoria.

A)early socialization
B)biological predisposition
C)early learning experiences
D)child rearing

Answer 1

biological predisposition

Question 2

The main difference between the residents of Inis Beag and Mangaia is their ________.

A)physical size
B)sexual capability
C)attitudes toward sexuality
D)innate sexual drive

Answer 2

attitudes toward sexuality

Question 3

According to the DSM-5,each of the following is a clinical feature of Gender Dysphoria EXCEPT ________.

A)there is no "intersex condition," such as ambiguous sexual anatomy that might give rise to desires to be a member of the opposite sex
B)a person must have reached the age of 18 to be diagnosed with this disorder
C)there is persistent discomfort with one's anatomic gender or with the behaviours that typify the gender role of that gender
D)discomfort with one's gender causes serious distress or impairs key areas of one's occupational,social,or other functioning

Answer 3

a person must have reached the age of 18 to be diagnosed with this disorder

Question 4

As defined by the DSM-5,_______ is no longer considered a mental disorder.

A)homosexuality
B)paraphilic disorder
C)frotteuristic disorder
D)fetishistic disorder

Question 5

Doug and Mona believe that children should explore their sexuality through masturbation.They encourage their teenaged children to engage in sexual relations.Doug believes that Mona should achieve orgasm several times before he does.In their culture,young men compete to see who can be most effective at helping their partners obtain multiple orgasms.Doug and Mona's attitudes are similar to those described in your text from ________.

A)Ireland
B)Mangaia
C)Italy
D)Inis Beag

Question 6

In ________ there is a conflict between one's anatomical gender and one's gender identity.

A)a gay or lesbian sexual orientation
B)a bisexual sexual orientation
C)transvestic disorder
D)gender dysphoria

Question 7

Michael and Colleen believe that sexual relations are solely for the purpose of reproduction,and occasionally satisfying Michael's "primitive urges." They both believe that women are not capable of experiencing orgasm and that any woman who openly enjoys sex is abnormal.Michael doesn't demand much from Colleen sexually because he believes sexual intercourse saps a man's strength.When they have sex,Michael ejaculates as quickly as he can,then he rolls over and goes to sleep.Their attitudes are most similar to those described in your text from ________.

A)Sweden
B)Mangaia
C)Tahiti
D)Inis Beag

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT true of Gender Dysphoria?

A)It is relatively uncommon.
B)It is more commonly diagnosed among girls than among boys.
C)It can come to an abrupt end or abate markedly by adolescence.
D)It may progress to transsexualism or develop into a gay sexual orientation.

Question 9

Learning theories suggest each of the following as a potential cause of Gender Dysphoria EXCEPT ________.

A)parents with empty relationships
B)father absence,in the case of boys
C)being raised and socialized by parents who wanted children of the other gender
D)being raised by parents who strongly encouraged cross-gender dressing and patterns of play

Question 10

Our sense of being male or female is called our ________.

A)sex role
B)sexual orientation
C)gender identity
D)sexual preference

Question 11

Unfavourable outcome for treatment of GID was predicted by being a __________ transsexual who also had other significant psychological problems.

A)homosexual male-to-female
B)nonhomosexual male-to-female
C)nonhomosexual female-to-male
D)homosexual female-to-male

Question 12

The process of transition through medical intervention to make one's body congruent with one's gender identity is known as __________.

A)dysphoric reconstruction
B)gender affirmation
C)dysphoric correction
D)gender correction

Question 13

On the island of Inis Beag,it is believed that ________.

A)women should initiate sexual activity
B)sexual intercourse saps a male's strength
C)premarital sex is necessary to educate young people sexually
D)women should achieve orgasm several times before their male partners ejaculate

Question 14

Bastin is persistently distressed and confused about his sexual orientation and believes he may be bisexual.He could be diagnosed with __________.

A)gender confusion
B)orientation confusion
C)sexual disorder not otherwise specified
D)orientation confusion not otherwise specified

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT true of Gender Dysphoria?

A)The disorder takes a single,highly predictable path.
B)A child with the disorder may develop a gay or lesbian sexual orientation by about the time of adolescence.
C)It may persist into adolescence or adulthood.
D)It is more commonly diagnosed among boys than among girls.

Question 16

Which of the following persons is MOST likely to undergo gender-reassignment surgery?

A)a transsexual
B)a gay male or lesbian
C)a transvestite
D)a bisexual

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT true of transsexuals who have undergone gender-reassignment surgery?

A)They can conceive and bear children.
B)They are capable of normal sexual activity.
C)They are capable of achieving orgasms.
D)Outcomes are generally more favourable in female-to-male cases.

Question 18

________ as many boys as girls have Gender Dysphoria.

A)Half
B)Just
C)Twice
D)Five times

Question 19

In the DSM-5,the term gender identity disorder has been replaced with the term gender __________.

A)confusion
B)affirmation
C)ambiguity
D)dysphoria

Question 20

Psychodynamic theorists point to each of the following as being involved with the development of Gender Dysphoria EXCEPT ________.

A)extremely close mother-son or father-daughter relationships
B)absent fathers (with sons)or weak,ineffectual mothers (with daughters)
C)gay male fathers (with sons)or lesbian mothers (with daughters)
D)parents with empty relationships

Question 21

The DSM-5 diagnostic listings for paraphilic disorders include recurrent,powerful sexual urges and fantasies focused on each of the following EXCEPT ________.

A)nonhuman objects
B)humiliation or experience of pain in oneself or one's partner
C)persons dressed in particularly revealing or sexually oriented clothing
D)children or other persons who do not grant consent

Question 22

_________ likely do NOT play a role in the development of fetishes.

A)Early childhood experiences
B)Hormonal factors
C)Learning experiences
D)Personal choices

Question 23

Currently,researchers suspect that Gender Dysphoria develop as a result of interaction ________ between the developing brain and the release of ________.

A)in utero;virulent antibodies
B)shortly after birth;stress hormones
C)in utero;sex hormones
D)shortly after birth;prostaglandins

Question 24

Simon suffers from recurrent,powerful sexual urges and related fantasies involving cross-dressing.He is sexually excited by dressing in women's clothing and often masturbates while fantasizing that other men are attracted to him when he is dressed as a woman.His disorder is ________.

A)frotteuristic
B)transsexualism
C)fetishistic
D)transvestic

Question 25

The origin of many fetishes can be traced to ________ and to biological factors.

A)early childhood
B)early adolescence
C)late adolescence
D)early adulthood

Question 26

Newer possible explanations of fetishistic disorder relate that regions of brain that process sexual stimulation may lie immediately next to regions that __________.

A)regulate impulsivity
B)regulate hormones
C)process sensory input
D)relate to memory

Question 27

For a diagnosis of paraphilic disorder under the DSM-5 guidelines,a person's fantasies and urges must be recurrent for a period of at least ________.

A)3 months
B)6 months
C)9 months
D)12 months

Question 28

In the case of Bruce,a young boy who lost his penis accidentally and was raised as a girl and given female hormones,________.

A)the outcome was disastrous.
B)the outcome was successful.
C)the hormone treatments caused cancer.
D)the sex change was successful,but he became a delinquent.

Question 29

The term transvestic disorder is used to describe ________.

A)only heterosexual males
B)gay and heterosexual males
C)only heterosexual females
D)both heterosexual males and females

Question 30

Transvestic disorder applies to ________.

A)heterosexual males
B)gay males
C)males with gender dysphoria
D)female impersonators who work in nightclubs

Question 31

Someone who shows sexual arousal in response to stimuli that are unusual,bizarre,and not normally associated with adult sexuality is suffering from a ________.

A)paraphilic disorder
B)sexual dysfunction
C)gender dysphoria
D)sexual orientation disorder

Question 32

The word fetish is derived from the Portuguese word meaning ________.

A)fishy
B)magic charm
C)odd or unusual
D)sex object

Question 33

Dean suffers from recurrent,powerful sexual urges and fantasies involving women's shoes.His disorder is ________.

A)frotteuristic
B)voyeuristic
C)fetishistic
D)transvestic

Question 34

In the DSM-5,the separation between a paraphilia and a diagnosed paraphilic disorder is based on __________.

A)distress and impairment
B)the type of paraphilia
C)whether or not a victim is involved
D)how often the behaviour occurs.

Question 35

Each of the following is true of exhibitionists EXCEPT ________.

A)it can be an expression of hostility toward women
B)they are typically interested in sexual contact with their victims
C)they tend to be shy,dependent,and lacking in social and sexual skills
D)their victims' revulsion or fear boosts their arousal

Question 36

Jean-Marc suffers from recurrent,powerful urges to expose his genitals to unsuspecting women in hopes of shocking and arousing them.He masturbates while exposing himself,although he does not seek actual sexual contact with his victim.His paraphilic disorder is ________.

A)exhibitionistic
B)voyeuristic
C)frotteuristic
D)scatologia

Question 37

Which of the following is probably the safest reaction when confronted by an exhibitionist?

A)laugh at him
B)ignore him
C)show exaggerated fear or shock at his actions
D)insult him

Question 38

Professional strippers typically meet the clinical criteria for_______.

A)exhibitionistic disorder
B)sexual paraphilic disorder
C)fetishistic disorder
D)none of the above;they typically don't meet the criteria for any diagnosis

Question 39

Each of the following is true of exhibitionists EXCEPT ________.

A)they often become professional stripteasers or go to such places as nude beaches or nudist colonies
B)they seek to sexually arouse and shock their victims
C)they often doubt their masculinity
D)most of them are not violent

Question 40

Statistically,which of the following males is MOST likely to exhibit transvestic disorder ?

A)a single,openly gay male who cross-dresses to attract a partner
B)a single,heterosexual male who is shy,inhibited,and sexually inactive
C)a married male who is shy,inhibited,and sexually inactive with his wife
D)a married male who is sexually active with his wife

Question 41

Adam has recurrent,powerful sexual urges and related fantasies involving sexual activity with prepubescent children.He is aroused by looking at and fondling children,telling them all the while that he is "educating" them.His disorder is ________.

A)partialism
B)pedophilic
C)necrophilia
D)frotteuristic

Question 42

Most people with pedophilic disorder are in their ________.

A)teens or 20s
B)20s or 30s
C)30s or 40s
D)40s or 50s

Question 43

Which of the following people is MOST likely to have pedophilic disorder?

A)a single,young male with a history of violent criminal activity
B)a single,elderly male who has never married and is shy,inhibited,and socially unskilled
C)a married,young,law-abiding male with no children of his own
D)a married,middle-aged,law-abiding male with children of his own

Question 44

A person with pedophilic disorder must be an individual of at least 16 years of age and at least ________ years older than the victim.

A)3
B)5
C)7
D)9

Question 45

Carlyle has recurrent,powerful sexual urges and related fantasies of rubbing against or touching a nonconsenting person.He usually acts on these urges in crowded settings,such as buses,subway cars,or elevators.Rubbing against the person is what arouses him.His disorder is ________.

A)partialism
B)exhibitionistic
C)coprophilia
D)frotteuristic disorder

Question 46

Strong,recurrent urges and related fantasies related to sexual acts that involve being humiliated or made to suffer in ways that cause significant personal distress are characteristic of ________.

A)sexual sadism
B)frotteuristic disorder
C)sexual masochism
D)scatologia

Question 47

Roger has recurrent,powerful sexual urges and related fantasies involving being humiliated,bound,flogged,and made to suffer.He cannot attain sexual gratification unless he is suffering pain or humiliation.He is particularly aroused if his partner wears leather while whipping him.His disorder is ________.

A)sexual sadism
B)frotteuristic disorder
C)sexual masochism
D)hypoxyphilia

Question 48

To be labelled with pedophilic disorder,a person must be at least ________ years old.

A)12
B)16
C)20
D)24

Question 49

Research on the effects of sexual abuse has found that boys tend to develop ________ behaviour problems and girls tend to develop ________ behaviour problems.

A)internalized;internalized
B)internalized;externalized
C)externalized;internalized
D)externalized;externalized

Question 50

Which of the following is NOT true of people with pedophilic disorder?

A)When they abuse a child,they usually do it only once before moving on to a new victim.
B)They are usually either friends or relatives of the victims' families.
C)They are almost always males.
D)Many pedophiles are attracted to adults as well as to children.

Question 51

Tyrone suffers from recurrent,powerful sexual urges and related fantasies involving watching unsuspecting people who are naked,undressing,or engaging in sexual activity.He does not seek sexual activity with the person he is watching.The watching itself is what arouses him.His disorder is ________.

A)exhibitionistic
B)voyeuristic
C)fetishistic
D)frotteuristic disorder

Question 52

Which of the following is considered a form of voyeuristic disorder?

A)Getting aroused watching an X-rated movie.
B)Getting aroused watching an unsuspecting couple make love.
C)Getting aroused watching a stripper disrobe at a nightclub.
D)All three of the above acts are actually considered forms of voyeuristic disorder.

Question 53

Men whose pedophilic acts involve incestuous relationships with their own children tend to be ________.

A)neither extremely dominant nor extremely passive
B)extremely passive and almost never dominant
C)extremely dominant and almost never passive
D)either extremely dominant or extremely passive

Question 54

The main purpose for a voyeur to watch others undress or engage in sexual activity is to ________.

A)satisfy sexual curiosity
B)prepare to seek sexual activity with the person being watched
C)attain sexual excitement
D)accumulate material for potential blackmail of the person being watched

Question 55

The term mashing refers to what psychologists call ________.

A)pedophilic disorder
B)transvestic disorder
C)frotteuristic disorder
D)sadism

Question 56

Each of the following is true of frotteuristic disorder EXCEPT ________.

A)it is usually the coercive aspects of it that are sexually arousing to the frotteurist
B)it generally occurs in crowded places
C)the physical contact is usually brief and furtive
D)the frotteurist often imagines he is enjoying an exclusive,sexual relationship with the victim

Question 57

_______ disorders may be uncommon in women because the precursor-transvestic disorder -is rare in women.

A)Voyeuristic
B)Sexual
C)Paraphilic
D)Gender dysphoria

Question 58

Which of the following is NOT true of people with pedophilic disorder?

A)They are usually law-abiding,well-respected citizens.
B)They are usually married or divorced.
C)They are usually in their 30s or 40s.
D)They usually have no children of their own.

Question 59

Flagellation refers to ________.

A)masturbation
B)oral sex
C)being fondled
D)being whipped

Question 60

Pedophilic disorder is __________seen in women.

A)never
B)rarely
C)occasionally
D)frequently

Question 61

Behaviour theorists explain paraphilic disorders primarily in terms of each of the following EXCEPT ________.

A)classical conditioning
B)operant conditioning
C)observational learning
D)punishment

Question 62

Monique is sexually aroused by having her partner defecate on her during sexual activity.Her disorder is ________.

A)scatologia
B)urophilia
C)coprophilia
D)klismaphilia

Question 63

Most rapists are ______ .

A)also sadists
B)also masochists
C)not sadists
D)also scatological

Question 64

The most dangerous expression of masochism is ________.

A)necrophilia
B)hypoxyphilia
C)flagellation
D)frotteuristic disorder

Question 65

Allan is sexually aroused by receiving an enema as part of his sexual stimulation.He can only achieve orgasm while receiving the enema.His disorder is ________.

A)scatologia
B)urophilia
C)coprophilia
D)klismaphilia

Question 66

Nicholas is sexually aroused by making obscene phone calls.His disorder is ________.

A)scatologia
B)klismaphilia
C)frotteuristic disorder
D)coprophilia

Question 67

Psychodynamic theories see paraphilic disorders as a defence against ________.

A)toilet-training anxiety
B)castration anxiety
C)incest memories
D)parental rejection

Question 68

André is sexually aroused by fantasies involving sexual contact with corpses.His disorder is ________.

A)scatologia
B)klismaphilia
C)necrophilia
D)coprophilia

Question 69

Psychodynamic theories generally link sexual deviations to ________ fixations.

A)oral
B)anal
C)Oedipal
D)genital

Question 70

Psychodynamic theories see paraphilic disorders as a result of ________.

A)projection
B)reaction formation
C)identification
D)displacement

Question 71

Catherine is sexually aroused by having sex with animals.Her disorder is ________.

A)pedophilic
B)zoophilia
C)necrophilia
D)klismaphilia

Question 72

Henry enjoys stalking and sexually assaulting nonconsenting victims.He becomes aroused by humiliating them,inflicting pain on them,and watching them suffer.His behaviour is typical of someone with ________.

A)sexual sadism
B)frotteuristic disorder
C)sexual masochism
D)hypoxyphilia

Question 73

Money and Lamacz (1990)suggest a ________ model for the development of paraphilic disorders in early childhood involving the development of a "lovemap" that becomes "vandalized" by traumatic experiences.

A)psychodynamic
B)multifactorial
C)humanistic
D)behavioural

Question 74

__________ is a particularly difficulty time for survivors of childhood sexual abuse because of unresolved feelings of anger and guilt.

A)Childhood
B)Puberty
C)Middle age
D)Late adolescence and early adulthood

Question 75

Recurrent,powerful sexual urges and related fantasies involving acts in which the person is sexually aroused by whipping,spanking,beating,restraining,and torturing a sexual partner is called ________.

A)sadism
B)hypoxyphilia
C)masochism
D)scatologia

Question 76

Roger and Elaine like to engage in mutually gratifying sex play in which one of them uses a feather brush to strike the other.No actual pain is administered-it is more the sense of dominating or being dominated that each of them finds gratifying-and they frequently switch roles so that one time Rogers uses the brush on Elaine,and other times Elaine uses the brush on Roger.Their behaviour is typical of ________.

A)sadism
B)masochism
C)sadomasochism
D)scatologia

Question 77

According to psychodynamic theory,transvestic disorder symbolizes ________.

A)denial that women do not have penises
B)conflicting emotions regarding sex
C)unconscious hatred of women
D)unconscious desires to be like one's mother

Question 78

The mutually gratifying interaction involving both sadistic and masochistic acts is called ________.

A)sadism
B)masochism
C)sadomasochism
D)scatologia

Question 79

Raoul becomes sexually aroused by depriving himself of oxygen as he approaches orgasm during masturbation.He does this by putting a plastic bag over his head.This extremely risky practice is called ________.

A)necrophilia
B)hypoxyphilia
C)frotteuristic disorder
D)scatologia

Question 80

Nathan is sexually aroused by having his partner urinate on him during sexual activity.His disorder is ________.

A)scatologia
B)urophilia
C)coprophilia
D)klismaphilia