Deck 10: Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

Question 1

Kraepelin wrote that ________ involves the "loss of inner unity of thought,feeling,and acting" and results in the "disintegration of personality."

A)split personality
B)dementia praecox
C)senile dementia
D)Turner's syndrome

Answer 1

dementia praecox

Question 2

The term affect refers to ________.

A)actions
B)emotion
C)behaviour
D)thoughts

Answer 2

emotion

Question 3

The term dementia praecox was originated by ________.

A)Kraepelin
B)Kaplan
C)Bleuler
D)Schneider

Answer 3

Kraepelin

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT one of Bleuler's "four As" of schizophrenia?

A)androgyny
B)ambivalence
C)autism
D)association

Question 5

Modern conceptualizations of schizophrenia have been largely shaped by each of the following persons EXCEPT ________.

A)Kraepelin
B)Kaplan
C)Bleuler
D)Schneider

Question 6

Dementia praecox was renamed schizophrenia by ________.

A)Kraepelin
B)Kaplan
C)Bleuler
D)Schneider

Question 7

In Bleuler's view,hallucinations and delusions represent ________ of schizophrenia.

A)primary symptoms
B)secondary symptoms
C)first-rank symptoms
D)second-rank symptoms

Question 8

Perhaps the most puzzling and disabling of all the mental disorders is ________.

A)panic disorder
B)schizophrenia
C)depression
D)antisocial personality

Question 9

Angela is hospitalized after a suicide attempt.In the hospital,she spends all of her time drawing sketches of fantastic goblins and monsters whom she calls "hellsmen." She claims that these "hellsmen" talk to her and,in fact,ordered her to make her suicide attempt.Often,she seems to be talking to invisible persons in the room and following orders from some unseen source.Her disorder is most likely ________.

A)schizophrenia
B)dissociative identity disorder
C)bipolar affective disorder
D)schizoid personality

Question 10

Bleuler believed that schizophrenia could be recognized on the basis of ________ primary features or symptoms.

A)two
B)four
C)six
D)eight

Question 11

The term schizophrenia means ________.

A)a splitting of personality
B)premature loss of memory
C)premature loss of mental abilities
D)splitting or fragmentation of the brain processes

Question 12

Schizophrenia splits each of the following EXCEPT ________.

A)personality
B)cognition
C)affect
D)behaviour

Question 13

The clinical syndrome that best corresponds to popular conceptions of "madness" or "lunacy" is ________.

A)dissociative identity disorder
B)bipolar affective disorder
C)antisocial personality
D)schizophrenia

Question 14

Schizophrenia was first described as a medical syndrome by ________ in 1893.

A)Kraepelin
B)Freud
C)Bleuler
D)Schneider

Question 15

In Bleuler's view,associations,affect,ambivalence,and autism are ________ symptoms of schizophrenia.

A)primary
B)secondary
C)first-rank
D)second-rank

Question 16

Dementia praecox means ________.

A)a splitting of personality
B)premature loss of memory
C)premature loss of mental abilities
D)splitting or fragmentation of the brain processes

Question 17

The withdrawal into a private fantasy world that is not bound by principles of logic is called ________.

A)autism
B)ambivalence
C)hysteria
D)introversion

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT one of Bleuler's "four As" of schizophrenia?

A)association
B)affect
C)anhedonia
D)autism

Question 19

Which of the following theorists would label associations,affect,autism,and ambivalence as "primary" symptoms of schizophrenia?

A)Kraepelin
B)Kaplan
C)Schneider
D)Bleuler

Question 20

The therapist who labelled the "four As" of schizophrenia as the major symptoms of the disorder was ________.

A)Kraepelin
B)Kaplan
C)Schneider
D)Bleuler

Question 21

Up to __% of people with schizophrenia abuse substances at some point in their life.

A)20
B)40
C)60
D)80

Question 22

After the onset of a schizophrenic episode,a full return to normal behaviour ________.

A)almost never occurs
B)is uncommon,but does occur
C)commonly,but not always,occurs
D)almost always occurs

Question 23

Men with schizophrenia differ from women with the disorder in each of the following ways EXCEPT ________.

A)that men tend to have a later age of onset than females
B)that men tend to have more cognitive impairment than females
C)that men tend to have more behavioural deficits than females
D)that men tend to have a poorer response to chemotherapy than females

Question 24

According to Schneider,disturbances in mood and confused thinking are ________ symptoms of schizophrenia.

A)primary
B)secondary
C)first-rank
D)second-rank

Question 25

The phase of schizophrenia marked by a slow,steady deterioration and gradual decline in function before clear-cut psychotic behaviours emerge is called the ________ phase.

A)residual
B)acute
C)chronic
D)prodromal

Question 26

About ________ % of the time,the first signs of schizophrenia appear by age 25.

A)25
B)50
C)75
D)95

Question 27

According to Schneider,first-rank symptoms of schizophrenia represent ________.

A)symptoms that are central to the diagnosis of schizophrenia and cannot be found in other disorders
B)the symptoms that create the most severe problems for the sufferer
C)symptoms that accompany the disorder but do not define it
D)symptoms seen in the early stages of schizophrenia

Question 28

The rates of schizophrenia appear to be

A)higher in developed countries than in developing countries.
B)higher in developing countries than in developed countries.
C)similar in developed and developing countries.
D)unknown due to problems gathering data in developing countries.

Question 29

Schizophrenia is a ________ disorder that affects a ________ range of psychological processes.

A)temporary;narrow
B)temporary;wide
C)pervasive;narrow
D)pervasive;wide

Question 30

Schizophrenia typically develops in ________.

A)late childhood to early adolescence
B)early to late adolescence
C)late adolescence to early adulthood
D)early to middle adulthood

Question 31

Leticia has schizophrenia.Her behaviour is characterized by difficulties in speaking and thinking clearly,as well as a deep sense of apathy.Although she is not hallucinating or suffering delusions,as she had been a few months previously,and she is still having so much difficulty organizing herself to deal with daily tasks that it is nearly impossible for her to live independently.She is in the ________ phase of schizophrenia.

A)residual
B)acute
C)chronic
D)prodromal

Question 32

Rachel has schizophrenia.Her behaviour is characterized by hallucinations,delusions,talking to herself in the street,and incoherent ranting and raving at passersby.She never bathes or changes her clothes.She collects garbage and hoards scraps of food.She is in the ________ phase of schizophrenia

A)residual
B)acute
C)chronic
D)prodromal

Question 33

According to Schneider,hallucinations and delusions are ________ symptoms of schizophrenia.

A)primary
B)secondary
C)first-rank
D)second-rank

Question 34

Which of the following theorists would label hallucinations and delusions as "secondary" symptoms of schizophrenia?

A)Kraepelin
B)Kaplan
C)Schneider
D)Bleuler

Question 35

Which of the following theorists would label disturbances in mood and confused thinking as "second-rank" symptoms of schizophrenia?

A)Kraepelin
B)Kaplan
C)Schneider
D)Bleuler

Question 36

Schneider believed that Bleuler's criteria are __________ for diagnostic purposes.

A)too limiting
B)exclusionary
C)too vague
D)outdated

Question 37

Which of the following theorists would label hallucinations and delusions as "first-rank" symptoms of schizophrenia?

A)Kraepelin
B)Kaplan
C)Schneider
D)Bleuler

Question 38

According to Schneider,second-rank symptoms of schizophrenia represent ________.

A)symptoms that are central to the diagnosis of schizophrenia and cannot be found in other disorders
B)background symptoms that create only minor difficulties for the sufferer
C)symptoms that accompany the disorder but do not define it
D)symptoms that accompany schizophrenia and other psychotic and some nonpsychotic disorders

Question 39

About ________ % of Canadians warrant a diagnosis of schizophrenia at some point in their lives.

A)1
B)3
C)5
D)7

Question 40

Simone's behaviour is characterized by waning interest in social activities.She just can't seem to keep up with her daily responsibilities.She can't even find the time to bathe or change her clothes regularly.At times she rambles off incoherently when talking to her friends.Her behaviour is typical of someone in the ________ phase of schizophrenia.

A)residual
B)acute
C)chronic
D)prodromal

Question 41

Marcus believes that his actions are being manipulated by evil demons who are trying to possess his body.He truly believes that when he shot 14 innocent people at his office it was because the demons,talking to him through his neighbour's cat,made him do it.Marcus's beliefs represent delusions of ________.

A)grandeur
B)persecution
C)reference
D)being controlled

Question 42

Ricardo believes that he is dead.He believes that Earth is Hell and that he is being punished by God for unpardonable sins he committed while he was "alive." He ignores all evidence that points to the fact that he is still alive and rigidly adheres to his beliefs,even though he cannot say what "sins" he is supposedly being punished for.Ricardo's beliefs represent delusions of ________.

A)grandeur
B)persecution
C)reference
D)being controlled

Question 43

Joseph believes that people on the street talk about him when he walks by.He also believes that the people on the bus are talking about him when he rides the bus to work.At work he believes his co-workers standing at the water cooler are talking about him.Joseph's beliefs represent delusions of ________.

A)grandeur
B)persecution
C)reference
D)being controlled

Question 44

Disconnected speech is ________ common and ________ severe among younger patients with schizophrenia than among older patients with schizophrenia.

A)less;less
B)more;less
C)less;more
D)more;more

Question 45

As Ivan watches the evening news,he becomes convinced that the news reporters are broadcasting coded information about him to his friends,neighbours,and enemies.Ivan's beliefs represent delusions of ________.

A)grandeur
B)persecution
C)reference
D)being controlled

Question 46

Kevin suffers from schizophrenia.One of his symptoms is that while talking to others he will abruptly stop speaking,often in mid-sentence.He complains that he suffers these same types of involuntary interruptions in his thoughts too.Kevin's symptoms represent ________.

A)blocking
B)clanging
C)neologisms
D)perseveration

Question 47

Which of the following is NOT true of thought disorders?

A)Many but not all schizophrenics manifest thought disorder.
B)Thought disorder has been found to exist in normal people.
C)Thought disorder has been found to exist among other diagnostic groups,such as persons with mania.
D)Thought disorder among schizophrenics tends to be short-lived and reversible.

Question 48

Frank believes that his thoughts leave his head like a tickertape and that other people can read his mind if they pass the tape through their heads.His thinking represents ________ delusions.

A)thought insertion
B)thought broadcasting
C)thought withdrawal
D)thought distortion

Question 49

Wilhelm suffers from schizophrenia.One of his symptoms is that while talking to others,Wilhelm will inappropriately,but persistently,keep repeating the same words or thoughts over and over again.When he does this he is engaging in ________.

A)blocking
B)clanging
C)neologisms
D)perseveration

Question 50

Dale suffers from schizophrenia.One of his symptoms is that he constantly makes up new words that have little or no meaning to his listeners.When he does this he is engaging in ________.

A)blocking
B)clanging
C)neologisms
D)perseveration

Question 51

The breakdown in the organization,processing,and control of thought is called a ________.

A)delusion
B)hallucination
C)thought disorder
D)brief psychotic disorder

Question 52

Which of the following is MOST accurate?

A)People with schizophrenia have a very high rate of violence.
B)People with schizophrenia are more often the victims than the perpetrators of violence.
C)Individuals with schizophrenia are almost never violent.
D)Individuals with schizophrenia are very fearful of violence.

Question 53

Mitch believes that people are spying on him.He claims that the CIA has put a microphone in his dog's stomach so that they can listen to his private conversations.Mitch's beliefs represent delusions of ________.

A)grandeur
B)persecution
C)reference
D)being controlled

Question 54

Thought disorders in people with schizophrenia tend to be ________.

A)short-lived and reversible
B)persistent but reversible
C)short-lived but recurrent
D)persistent and recurrent

Question 55

False beliefs that remain fixed in a person's mind despite evidence to the contrary are ________.

A)obsessions
B)compulsions
C)hallucinations
D)delusions

Question 56

Andy suffers from schizophrenia.One of his symptoms is that while talking to others,he will string words together on the basis of rhyming,without regard to the meaning of the words.As a result,many of his "clever little poems" lack any comprehensible meaning to his listeners.When Andy does this he is engaging in ________.

A)blocking
B)clanging
C)neologisms
D)perseveration

Question 57

Duane believes that his next-door neighbour is capable of flashing her thoughts into his mind whenever she wants to.He says,"I will be sitting in my living room,minding my own business,when suddenly my mind is flooded with her thoughts and I cannot get them out of my mind." Duane's beliefs represent ________ delusions.

A)thought insertion
B)thought broadcasting
C)thought withdrawal
D)thought transference

Question 58

Hiram believes he is Martin Luther King,Jr.Despite the fact that he is white,he is alive,and he has never been involved in the civil rights movement,he is absolutely convinced that he is Martin Luther King,Jr.Hiram's beliefs represent ________.

A)an obsession
B)a compulsion
C)a hallucination
D)a delusion

Question 59

Marius believes he is Jesus Christ.He is convinced he has returned to pass judgment on the world and to offer salvation to true Christians.Despite a complete lack of evidence to support his beliefs,he remains convinced that he is Christ and that he is all-powerful.Marius's beliefs represent delusions of ________.

A)grandeur
B)persecution
C)reference
D)being controlled

Question 60

Eduardo believes that his thoughts are periodically sucked out of his mind by some external force,leaving him disoriented and confused.His beliefs represent ________ delusions.

A)thought insertion
B)thought broadcasting
C)thought withdrawal
D)thought distortion

Question 61

Hallucinations in people without psychiatric conditions are often triggered by __________.

A)high levels of sensory stimulation
B)low levels of sensory stimulation
C)visual overload
D)auditory incongruence

Question 62

The most common types of hallucinations are ________.

A)auditory
B)visual
C)tactile
D)olfactory

Question 63

Which of the following types of hallucinations is the MOST common?

A)olfactory
B)visual
C)tactile
D)gustatory

Question 64

Speech that is coherent but limited in production or vague is known as _________.

A)neologisms
B)clanging
C)perseveration of speech
D)poverty of speech

Question 65

Cino has schizophrenia.He often hears voices telling him to run away or to harm others.He feels compelled to do what the voices tell him to do.Cino is experiencing ________.

A)command hallucinations
B)delusions of reference
C)hallucinations of reference
D)delusions of persecution

Question 66

The most common form of perceptual disturbances in schizophrenia are ________.

A)obsessions
B)delusions
C)compulsions
D)hallucinations

Question 67

Drug-induced hallucinations tend to be ________.

A)auditory
B)visual
C)tactile
D)olfactory

Question 68

Hallucinations seem to be related to the activity of ________ in the brain.

A)serotonin
B)epinephrine
C)dopamine
D)acetylcholine

Question 69

Which of the following appears to be the MOST likely explanation for auditory hallucinations?

A)hallucinogenic drug use
B)uninhibited daytime dreams
C)projections of internal self-talk
D)overly sensitive auditory nerves

Question 70

Sensory images or disturbances that occur in the absence of external stimulation are called ________.

A)obsessions
B)compulsions
C)delusions
D)hallucinations

Question 71

People with schizophrenia appear to have difficulty filtering out irrelevant distracting stimuli,a deficit that makes it nearly impossible to focus their ______ and organize their thoughts.

A)thoughts
B)cognitions
C)attention
D)responses

Question 72

People having grief-induced hallucinations ________ differentiate them from reality,and people having schizophrenic hallucinations ________ differentiate them from reality.

A)cannot;cannot
B)can;cannot
C)cannot;can
D)can;can

Question 73

About ________ out of 5 people with command hallucinations report that they have obeyed them.

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4

Question 74

The brain structure apparently involved in auditory hallucinations is ________.

A)Broca's area
B)the parietal lobe
C)the amygdala
D)the cerebellum

Question 75

Auditory hallucinations occur in about ________ % of the cases of schizophrenia.

A)30
B)50
C)70
D)90

Question 76

Which of the following appears to be the LEAST likely explanation for auditory hallucinations?

A)brain chemistry abnormalities
B)uninhibited daytime dreams
C)projections of internal self-talk
D)overly sensitive auditory nerves

Question 77

In developed countries,about ________ % of people sampled experience occasional hallucinations.

A)1
B)5
C)10
D)20

Question 78

Which of the following types of hallucinations is the LEAST common?

A)auditory
B)tactile
C)somatic
D)visual

Question 79

Which of the following is NOT true of persons with schizophrenia?

A)They appear to be hypervigilant.
B)They suffer from attentional deficiencies.
C)Their sensory deficits do not appear to run in families.
D)They are less able than normal people to screen out or inhibit responses to extraneous sounds.

Question 80

People with major __________ sometimes experience hallucinations.

A)depression
B)physical illnesses
C)family problems
D)heroin addictions