Deck 17: Employment Discrimination

Question 1

The most important antidiscrimination employment law is:

A)Title V of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
B)Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
C)Title I of the Civil Rights Act of 1963
D)Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1963
E)the Equal Pay Act of 1963

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Under the Equal Pay Act,pay differentials on the basis of sex are eliminated by:

A)lowering the wages received by men
B)lowering the wages received by women
C)raising the wages received by men
D)giving stock options to the group discriminated against
E)none of the other choices

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Under the ________________,it is illegal to pay men and women employees different wages when their jobs require equal skill,effort,responsibility,and the same working conditions

A)Equal Conditions Act
B)Equal Compensation Act
C)Common Wage Act
D)Civil Rights Act
E)none of the other choices are correct

Answer 3

E

Question 4

It is illegal to pay men and women employees different wages when their jobs require which of the following:

A)equal skill
B)equal effort
C)equal responsibility
D)the same working conditions
E)all of the other specific choices are correct

Question 5

The Equal Pay Act:

A)prohibits pay discrimination on the basis of age
B)prohibits pay discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation
C)prohibits pay discrimination on the basis of seniority
D)encourages pay discrimination on the basis of nationality
E)prohibits pay discrimination on the basis of sex

Question 6

Under the Equal Pay Act,pay differentials on the basis of sex are eliminated by:

A)lowering the wages received by men
B)lowering the wages received by women
C)raising the wages received by women
D)raising the wages received by men
E)giving stock options to the group discriminated against

Question 7

The first federal law that specifically addressed equal employment issues was the:

A)Landrum-Griffin Act of 1959
B)Civil Rights Act of 1964
C)National Labor Relations Act of 1935
D)Interstate Commerce Act of 1887
E)Equal Pay Act of 1963

Question 8

The first federal law that specifically addressed equal employment issues was the:

A)Landrum-Griffin Act of 1959
B)Civil Rights Act of 1964
C)National Labor Relations Act of 1935
D)Interstate Commerce Act of 1887
E)none of the other choices

Question 9

Historically,the common law permitted employers to:

A)hire workers only with government approval
B)fire workers only with government approval
C)fire workers at any time for "good cause"
D)fire workers for reasons listed in an employee handbook
E)none of the other choices

Question 10

The drive for civil rights in employment and other aspects of life became a national movement in the:

A)late 1970s
B)early 1960s
C)early 1950s
D)mid 1990s
E)mid 1980s

Question 11

The Equal Pay Act:

A)prohibits pay discrimination on the basis of age
B)prohibits pay discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation
C)prohibits pay discrimination on the basis of seniority
D)encourages pay discrimination on the basis of nationality
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 12

The Equal Pay Act of 1963 was:

A)the first federal employment discrimination statute
B)the most recent federal employment discrimination statute
C)the first state employment discrimination statute
D)a major setback for supporters of antidiscrimination legislation
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 13

Jim Crow laws were federal and state laws that:

A)supported,and even required,racial segregation and labor market discrimination
B)restricted racial segregation and labor market discrimination
C)restricted unions' ability to discriminate based on sex
D)restricted unions' ability to discriminate based on race
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 14

Violations of the Equal Pay Act can result in what corrective action? Employees:

A)paid too little must be given back wages to equalize their past low earnings
B)paid too little may be given a payment beyond the amount of back wages they are due to penalize the employer
C)who successfully sue their employer may be awarded attorney's fees and court costs
D)paid too little must be given back wages to equalize their past low earnings and who successfully sue their employer may be awarded attorney's fees and court costs
E)paid too little must be given back wages to equalize their past low earnings and who successfully sue their employer may be awarded attorney's fees and court costs and paid too little may be given a payment beyond the amount of back wages they are due to penalize the employer

Question 15

The Equal Pay Act of 1963 was:

A)the last in a series of federal employment discrimination statutes
B)the most recent federal employment discrimination statute
C)the first state employment discrimination statute
D)a major setback for supporters of antidiscrimination legislation
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 16

Jim Crow laws were federal and state laws that:

A)prohibited racial segregation and labor market discrimination
B)restricted racial segregation and labor market discrimination
C)restricted unions' ability to discriminate based on sex
D)restricted unions' ability to discriminate based on race
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 17

Historically,the common law permitted employers to:

A)hire workers only with government approval
B)fire workers only with government approval
C)hire and fire which ever workers they wished
D)fire workers for reasons listed in an employee handbook
E)none of the other choices

Question 18

The Equal Pay Act allows differences in wages between men and women employees if the differences are due to:

A)a system that measures earnings by quantity produced
B)a merit system
C)a seniority system
D)a system that measures earnings by quantity produced or a merit system
E)a system that measures earnings by quantity produced or a merit system or a seniority system

Question 19

Under the ________________,it is illegal to pay men and women employees different wages when their jobs require equal skill,effort,responsibility,and the same working conditions

A)Equal Conditions Act
B)Equal Compensation Act
C)Equal Pay Act
D)Civil Rights Act
E)Common Wage Act

Question 20

Under the Equal Pay Act,men and women may be paid different wages if:

A)wages are based on a seniority system
B)wages are based on a merit system
C)wages are based on quantity of production
D)wages are based on quality of production
E)all of the other choices are correct

Question 21

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act does not apply to which of the following:

A)selection of independent contractors
B)employment agencies
C)labor unions in the private sector
D)law firms
E)Title VII applies to all of the other specific choices

Question 22

For Title VII of the Civil Rights Act to apply,an employer must have:

A)at least 5 employees
B)no more than 50 employees
C)at least 15 employees
D)at least 10 employees
E)at least 100 employees

Question 23

San Francisco's civil rights law that prohibits employment discrimination based on height or weight is an example of:

A)a prohibited practice of having different civil rights laws for different cities
B)the federal government extending discrimination coverage in a certain area
C)a city's illegal extension of discrimination coverage beyond Title VII
D)a city's extension of discrimination coverage beyond Title VII
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 24

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act applies to which of the following:

A)private employers with 15 or more employees
B)employment agencies
C)labor unions in the private sector
D)law firms
E)Title VII applies to all of the other specific choices

Question 25

Besides regular private employers,Title VII applies to which of the following?

A)labor unions
B)employment agencies
C)government agencies
D)labor unions and employment agencies
E)labor unions and employment agencies and government agencies

Question 26

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act applies to which of the following:

A)private employers with 15 or more employees
B)employment agencies
C)labor unions in the private sector
D)labor unions in the public sector
E)Title VII applies to all of the other specific choices

Question 27

Title VII applies to regular private employers;which of the following does it not apply to?

A)labor unions
B)employment agencies
C)government agencies
D)it does not apply to any of the other specific choices
E)it applies to all of the other specific choices

Question 28

Which is not a protected class under Title VII:

A)race
B)political affiliation
C)religion
D)national origin
E)all of the other choices are protected classes

Question 29

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act does not apply to which of the following:

A)business relationships
B)employment agencies
C)labor unions in the private sector
D)law firms
E)Title VII applies to all of the other specific choices

Question 30

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act protects all of the following classes from employment discrimination except:

A)race
B)color
C)national origin
D)women who are not pregnant
E)all of the other choices are protected

Question 31

Title VII applies to employers with:

A)any number of workers
B)five or more workers
C)ten or more workers
D)fifteen or more workers
E)fifty or more workers

Question 32

Which is not a protected class under Title VII:

A)race
B)sexual orientation
C)religion
D)national origin
E)all of the other choices are protected classes

Question 33

The agency given the power to file suits against employers and unions believed to be violating Title VII of the Civil Rights Act is the:

A)National Labor Relations Board
B)U.S.Civil Rights Commission
C)Department of Labor
D)Equal Pay Commission
E)none of the other choices

Question 34

Under Title VII,a protected class may be composed of people who share the same:

A)race
B)gender
C)religion
D)national origin
E)all of the other choices

Question 35

The agency given the power to file suits against employers and unions believed to be violating Title VII of the Civil Rights Act is the:

A)National Labor Relations Board
B)Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
C)Department of Labor
D)Equal Pay Commission
E)U.S.Civil Rights Commission

Question 36

The most important antidiscrimination employment law is:

A)Title V of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
B)the Equal Pay Act of 1963
C)Title I of the Civil Rights Act of 1963
D)Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1963
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 37

Which of the following is an amendment to the Civil Rights Act of 1964:

A)the Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972
B)the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978
C)the Civil Rights Act of 1991
D)all of the other specific choices are amendments
E)none of the other specific choices are amendments

Question 38

Individual states:

A)may not have civil rights acts that apply to employers exempt from Title VII
B)may have civil rights acts that apply to employers exempt from Title VII
C)may not have civil rights acts that protect additional classes of employees not covered by Title VII
D)may exempt employers from any Title VII regulation
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 39

For Title VII of the Civil Rights Act to apply,an employer must have:

A)at least 5 employees
B)no more than 50 employees
C)at least 100 employees
D)at least 10 employees
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 40

Individual states and cities:

A)may not have civil rights acts that apply to employers exempt from Title VII
B)may have civil rights acts that protect additional classes of employees not covered by Title VII
C)may not have civil rights acts that protect additional classes of employees not covered by Title VII
D)may exempt employers from any Title VII regulation
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 41

Under Title VII,color refers to:

A)the shade of a person's skin
B)a person's race
C)a person's national origin
D)a person's sexual orientation
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 42

Which is not an officially recognized racial group under Title VII:

A)Hispanics
B)Asians
C)Arabs
D)Native Americans
E)all of the other choices are recognized

Question 43

If Joe,an African-American employer with light skin,discriminates against Omar,an African-American employee with dark skin,Omar will most likely file a discrimination claim based on:

A)sex
B)race
C)national origin
D)color
E)religion

Question 44

The preferential treatment of members of protected classes is:

A)reverse discrimination
B)irrational discrimination
C)legal discrimination
D)equalizing discrimination
E)guilt-driven discrimination

Question 45

The preferential treatment of members of protected classes is:

A)guilt-driven discrimination
B)irrational discrimination
C)legal discrimination
D)equalizing discrimination
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 46

A black and a white employee committed the same offense.The black employee was disciplined but not fired,the white employee was fired.The Supreme Court held that this treatment was:

A)legal under Title VII
B)proper,since under Title VII minorities may be given preferential treatment
C)proper if the employer had an affirmative action program to favor black employees
D)proper since whites are not protected by Title VII and,therefore,cannot claim protection
E)none of the other choices

Question 47

Fred and Vinny work at Leo's Used Car Lot.Fred dislikes Vinny,makes insults about Vinny's Iranian heritage,and treats him badly.Leo has heard the insults but does not reprimand Fred because Leo thinks Fred is right.Leo's actions are:

A)legal because Vinny is a U.S.citizen
B)discriminatory under Title VII
C)legal because Leo and Fred have a rational basis for their beliefs
D)legal because Iranian-Americans are not protected by Title VII
E)legal;Fred is the one guilty of discrimination

Question 48

The Supreme Court's ruling in McDonald v.Santa Fe Trail Transportation,where an African-American employee and a white employee had stolen property from their employer and the African-American employee was reprimanded but allowed to keep his job while the white employee was fired,showed that:

A)whites are not protected under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act
B)while Title VII recognizes whites as a protected class,in practice whites are not protected
C)whites are protected under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act
D)whites are only protected in cases involving Hispanics
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 49

A black and a white employee committed the same offense.The black employee was disciplined but not fired,the white employee was fired.The Supreme Court held that this treatment was:

A)legal under Title VII
B)improper reverse discrimination,which violates Title VII
C)proper if the employer had an affirmative action program to favor black employees
D)proper since whites are not protected by Title VII and,therefore,cannot claim protection
E)proper,since under Title VII minorities may be given preferential treatment

Question 50

Which is not an officially recognized racial group under Title VII:

A)Hispanics
B)Asians
C)whites
D)Native Americans
E)all of the other choices are recognized

Question 51

The most common basis for a discrimination complaint is:

A)sex
B)race
C)experience
D)age
E)religion

Question 52

The most common claim of discrimination,which makes up about 36% of charges filed,is:

A)sex
B)race
C)experience
D)age
E)religion

Question 53

Under Title VII,officially recognized racial classes include:

A)whites
B)Native Americans
C)Hispanics
D)whites and Native Americans
E)whites,Native Americans and Hispanics

Question 54

Title VII restricts discrimination based on:

A)appearance
B)experience
C)national origin
D)attitude
E)education

Question 55

Title VII restricts discrimination based on:

A)appearance
B)experience
C)education
D)attitude
E)none of the other choices

Question 56

About 36% of discrimination charges filed every year are based on discrimination for:

A)sex
B)race
C)experience
D)age
E)religion

Question 57

Reverse discrimination is:

A)preferential treatment of whites
B)preferential treatment of men
C)preferential treatment of a protected class
D)discrimination against African-Americans
E)none of the other choices

Question 58

Employers may legally see to it that more minorities or women are hired without committing reverse discrimination if:

A)minorities or women are underrepresented in a certain job category
B)minorities or women comprise more than 75% of the company
C)there is a union for the unprotected classes of workers
D)the minority or female candidates are less qualified than the candidates from unprotected classes
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 59

Under Title VII,national origin refers to:

A)the country where a person is born or the country from which his or her ancestors came
B)the country where a person lives
C)the color of a person's skin
D)the religion of a person's ancestors
E)the country a person most recently lived in

Question 60

The group that brings the most discrimination claims based on national origin is:

A)whites
B)Asians
C)Native Americans
D)Hispanics
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 61

To not violate Title VII's prohibition of discrimination based on religion,an employer may have to make changes in the way her business is organized to meet religious requirements of employees.Employers are required to incur:

A)any expense required to avoid violating religious requirements of its employees
B)up to ten percent of an employee's wage in costs to comply with the employee's beliefs
C)no more than minimal expenses to accommodate an employee's religious requirements
D)no expense or trouble at all
E)none of the other choices

Question 62

An employee joins a religion that requires members to keep a chicken by their side all morning and then cut-off the chicken's head at noon and suck the blood.The employer tells the employee that he may not do this at work.The employee claims he has the right to do this as a religious belief,so the employer fires him.If sued for discrimination,the court will likely rule that:

A)these religious beliefs are valid and so they must be allowed
B)the chicken act may be done,but only in a room set aside for that purpose
C)this is an odd "religion," so Title VII does not apply
D)this behavior imposes undue hardship on the employer so need not be tolerated
E)the employee should be required to go to a class on the humane treatment of animals

Question 63

Denying a woman a job,assignment,or promotion because she is pregnant or has children is:

A)legal,as long as there is specific company policy in place
B)legal in most states
C)illegal because it is a form of pregnancy discrimination
D)illegal because it is a form of religious discrimination
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 64

Under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act's prohibition of discrimination based on religion,an employer is:

A)required to financially support employees' religious practices
B)required to provide reasonable accommodation for an employee's religious practices
C)required to provide unconditional support for an employee's religious practices
D)not required to provide reasonable accommodation for an employee's religious practices
E)required to assist employees seeking religious support at the workplace

Question 65

Discrimination on the basis of sexual preference or sexual identity:

A)is prohibited by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act
B)is not prohibited by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act
C)is prohibited by most states
D)is an accepted practice in most workplaces
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 66

Intersectional discrimination refers to the claim that:

A)a person suffered discrimination because of sexual orientation
B)a person suffered discrimination because of race and religion
C)a person was not allowed to take off time from work to attend religious services
D)a person was treated unfairly because of their physical appearance
E)a person was not allowed to mention his cultural origin at work

Question 67

The Pregnancy Discrimination Act,a part of Title VII,provides protection for which pregnancy-related condition?

A)fringe benefits
B)childbirth
C)related medical conditions
D)insurance benefits and childbirth
E)childbirth and related medical conditions and fringe benefits

Question 68

Which of the following are examples of illegal discrimination under the Pregnancy Discrimination Act?

A)not giving more time off to an employee suffering a difficult pregnancy
B)suspending a pregnant waitress because she might not be appealing to the diners at a café
C)denying a pregnant reporter an assignment to a dangerous country because of her condition
D)suspending a pregnant waitress because she might not be appealing to the diners at a café and denying a pregnant reporter an assignment to a dangerous country because of her condition
E)suspending a pregnant waitress because she might not be appealing to the diners at a café and denying a pregnant reporter an assignment to a dangerous country because of her condition and not giving more time off to an employee suffering a difficult pregnancy

Question 69

Which of the following are examples of illegal discrimination under the Pregnancy Discrimination Act?

A)not providing health insurance to employees
B)suspending a pregnant waitress because she might not be appealing to the diners at a café
C)denying a pregnant reporter an assignment to a dangerous country because of her condition
D)suspending a pregnant waitress because she might not be appealing to the diners at a café and denying a pregnant reporter an assignment to a dangerous country because of her condition
E)suspending a pregnant waitress because she might not be appealing to the diners at a café and denying a pregnant reporter an assignment to a dangerous country because of her condition and not providing health insurance to employees

Question 70

In relation to the term "sex discrimination:"

A)courts have played a major role in defining the term
B)Congress carefully defined the term in Title VII
C)the Executive branch has crafted many opinions on the subject
D)courts have played a major role in defining the term and the Executive branch has crafted many opinions on the subject
E)none of the other choices

Question 71

Equal Employment Opportunity law does not apply to:

A)non-U.S.citizens working for U.S.companies in other countries
B)non-U.S.citizens working for U.S.companies in the U.S.
C)U.S.citizens working for U.S.companies in other countries
D)U.S.citizens working for U.S.companies in the U.S.
E)Equal Employment Opportunity law does not apply to any of the other choices

Question 72

If a person suffers discrimination because of race and because of religion,he may file a complaint of:

A)intersectional discrimination
B)intrasectional discrimination
C)real discrimination
D)double discrimination
E)super discrimination

Question 73

Title VII prohibits discrimination in employment based on sex.This does not include:

A)sexual preferences
B)marital status
C)being a male
D)sexual preferences or marital status
E)sexual preferences or marital status or being a male

Question 74

Title VII prohibits discrimination in employment based on sex.This does not include:

A)sexual preferences
B)marital status
C)sexual identity
D)sexual preferences or sexual identity
E)sexual preferences or sexual identity or marital status

Question 75

An employee joins a religion that requires members to keep a chicken by their side all morning and then cut-off a chicken's head at noon and suck the blood.The employer tells the employee that he may not do this at work.The employee claims he has the right to do this as a religious belief,so the employer fires him.If sued for discrimination,the court will likely rule that:

A)these religious beliefs are valid and so they must be allowed
B)the chicken act may be done,but only in a room set aside for that purpose
C)this is an odd "religion," so Title VII does not apply
D)the employee should be required to go to a class on the humane treatment of animals
E)none of the other choices

Question 76

Title VII sex discrimination includes discrimination with respect to:

A)plans to have children in the future
B)current pregnancy
C)having children already
D)insurance benefits and childbirth
E)all of the other choices are included under the law

Question 77

Requiring a pregnant woman to go on leave when she is able to do her job is:

A)legal,as long as there is specific company policy in place
B)legal in most states
C)illegal because it is a form of pregnancy discrimination
D)illegal because it is a form of religious discrimination
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 78

Ernie the Employer allows John to work overtime every week,but refuses to let Sally work overtime at all.Sally can most likely:

A)complain of sex discrimination
B)complain of religious discrimination
C)do nothing,Ernie can do as he pleases
D)do nothing because,in practice,women never win sex discrimination cases
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 79

Which of the following is one of the most common claims of religious discrimination in the workplace:

A)the employer will not allow the employee to take time off work to attend religious services
B)the employer makes derogatory remarks about the employee's religion
C)the employer refuses to acknowledge the employee's religion
D)the employer requires the employee to contribute to a religious charity
E)the employer does not allow the employee to convert other employees to his religion

Question 80

Carol's business requires that all employees dress professionally in business attire to give her company a professional appearance.Susan insists that she be allowed to wear jeans because her religion requires it.Carol:

A)must allow Susan to wear jeans so as not to discriminate based on religion
B)may insist that Susan wear business attire since the company has a strict dress code policy
C)must compensate Susan monetarily if she chooses to force her to wear business attire
D)will likely be imprisoned for restricting freedom of religion
E)none of the other choices are correct