Deck 19: Consumer Protection

Question 1

Which of the following was a factor in triggering the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act:

A)studies by a government chemist showed some food preservatives were harmful to humans
B)publication of Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring
C)deaths WWI from impure food
D)deaths in WWII from impure drugs
E)all of the other specific choices are correct

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The government agency charged with monitoring food and drug safety is the:

A)Consumable Products Administration
B)Food Safety Administration
C)Food and Drug Regulation Agency
D)Food and Dangerous Drug Administration
E)none of the other choices are correct

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Which of the following is not a function of the Food and Drug Administration?

A)restaurant sanitation inspections
B)drug evaluation studies
C)food additives studies
D)study of veterinary products
E)all of the other choices are functions of the FDA

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The Food and Drug Administration is NOT involved in:

A)food sanitation and processing
B)studying biological products
C)studying veterinary products
D)cleaning environmental contaminants from food processing plants
E)all of the other specific choices are correct

Question 5

The Food,Drug and Cosmetics Act was passed in 1938 after:

A)a large outbreak of food poisoning
B)a large numbers of women suffered adverse reactions to a particular face cream
C)many people were poisoned by a non-prescription medicine
D)several people in Ohio died after eating an infected batch of ground beef
E)the drug companies requested an increase of regulation

Question 6

Which of the following was a factor in triggering the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act:

A)deaths in the Spanish-American War from impure food
B)publication of Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring
C)deaths in the Civil War from impure food
D)deaths in WWII from impure drugs
E)all of the other specific choices are correct

Question 7

Which of the following is something the Food and Drug Administration devotes part of its annual budget to:

A)food sanitation and processing
B)studying biological products
C)studying veterinary products
D)studying the quality of marketed drugs
E)all of the other specific choices are correct

Question 8

Which of the following was NOT a factor in triggering the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act:

A)studies by a government chemist showed some food preservatives were harmful to humans
B)publication of Upton Sinclair's book The Jungle
C)deaths in the Spanish-American War from impure food
D)deaths in WWII from impure drugs
E)all of the other specific choices are correct

Question 9

The Food and Drug Administration was created in:

A)1906
B)1927
C)1938
D)1958
E)1967

Question 10

The Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 was the first regulation of food and drugs.What sparked interest in this concern?

A)studies by a government chemist showed some food preservatives were harmful to humans
B)publication of Upton Sinclair's book The Jungle
C)deaths in the Spanish-American War from impure food
D)publication of Upton Sinclair's book The Jungle and deaths in the Spanish-American War from impure food
E)publication of Upton Sinclair's book The Jungle and deaths in the Spanish-American War from impure food and studies by a government chemist showed some food preservatives were harmful to humans

Question 11

Which of the following was a factor in triggering the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act:

A)publication of Upton Sinclair's book The Jungle
B)publication of Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring
C)deaths WWI from impure food
D)deaths in WWII from impure drugs
E)all of the other specific choices are correct

Question 12

The Pure Food and Drug Act was passed in:

A)1806
B)1906
C)1960
D)1986
E)1999

Question 13

The government agency charged with monitoring food and drug safety is the:

A)Food and Drug Administration
B)Food Safety Administration
C)Food and Drug Regulation Agency
D)Food and Dangerous Drug Administration
E)Consumable Products Administration

Question 14

The Food,Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1938 expanded the powers of the FDA to include:

A)the ability to set safe levels of additives in foods
B)new enforcement powers
C)prohibiting false advertising of drugs
D)inspection of drug producers
E)all of the other choices

Question 15

The Food,Drug and Cosmetics Act was passed in:

A)1906
B)1927
C)1938
D)1940
E)1950

Question 16

Prior to the Food and Drug Administration's creation in 1927,the _______________ administered the Food and Drug Act.

A)Bureau of Chemistry of the Department of Agriculture
B)Bureau of Land Management
C)Bureau of Food and Drug Regulation
D)Bureau of Consumables of the Department of Agriculture
E)Bureau of Food of the Department of Agriculture

Question 17

The Food and Drug Administration has a ___________ annual budget.

A)$100 million
B)$40 million
C)$4 million
D)$4 billion
E)$400 billion

Question 18

Which of the following is not a function of the Food and Drug Administration?

A)inspections of food and drug producing establishments
B)drug evaluation studies
C)food additives studies
D)study of veterinary products
E)all of the other choices are functions of the FDA

Question 19

Prior to the Food and Drug Administration's creation in 1927,the _______________ administered the Food and Drug Act.

A)Bureau of Food of the Department of Agriculture
B)Bureau of Land Management
C)Bureau of Food and Drug Regulation
D)Bureau of Consumables of the Department of Agriculture
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 20

The Food,Drug and Cosmetics Act was passed in 1938 after:

A)a large outbreak of food poisoning
B)a large numbers of women suffered adverse reactions to a drug-store brand of face cream
C)the drug companies requested an increase of regulation
D)several people in Ohio died after eating an infected batch of ground beef
E)none of the other choices

Question 21

The Food Additives Amendment (Delaney Clause)to the Food,Drug,and Cosmetic Act:

A)prohibited the use of food additives in food sold for consumption by humans
B)gave the U.S.Department of Agriculture the authority to study food additives and make the findings public
C)prohibited the FDA from regulating "natural foods"
D)prohibited the FDA from regulating food additives
E)did none of the other choices

Question 22

The Food,Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1938 did not expand the powers of the FDA to include:

A)the ability to set safe levels of additives in foods
B)require nutrition labels on food
C)prohibiting false advertising of drugs
D)inspection of drug producers
E)new enforcement powers

Question 23

In U.S.v.LaGrou Distribution Systems,where LaGrou,a cold storage warehouse for commercial food,was charged with unsanitary conditions,the court held that the company:

A)could be fined,but the managers could not,because it was a corporate violation
B)could be convicted of a felony but the managers could not,as it was a corporate violation
C)could not be held liable,but the managers who ran the operation could be held responsible
D)could not be held liable because the inspection was done without a proper warrant
E)none of the other choices

Question 24

The Food,Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1938 expanded the FDA's powers to include the power to allow it to do which of the following:

A)set the safe levels of additives in foods
B)regulate costs of essential food items
C)require quotas of essential food items to be produced
D)require quotas of essential drugs to be produced
E)all of the other specific choices are correct

Question 25

In U.S.v.LaGrou Distribution Systems,where LaGrou,a cold storage warehouse for commercial food,was charged with unsanitary conditions,the appeals court:

A)dismissed the lower court's conviction of both the company and the managers based on the evidence of the many health violations
B)upheld the lower court's conviction of both the company and the managers based on the evidence of the many health violations
C)upheld the lower court's conviction of the company,but not of the managers based on the evidence of the managers' attempts to fix the situation
D)dismissed the lower court's conviction of the company,but not of the managers based on the evidence of the managers' failure to
E)dismissed the lower court's conviction of the company and of the managers based on the evidence of the managers' attempts to fix the situation and the company's cooperation

Question 26

The Food,Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1938 expanded the FDA's powers to include the power to allow it to do which of the following:

A)classify unsafe foods
B)regulate costs of essential food items
C)require quotas of essential food items to be produced
D)require quotas of essential drugs to be produced
E)all of the other specific choices are correct

Question 27

The Food Additives Amendment (Delaney Clause)to the Food,Drug,and Cosmetic Act:

A)prohibited the use of food additives in food sold for consumption by humans
B)gave the U.S.Department of Agriculture the authority to study food additives and make the findings public
C)gave the FDA authority to set safe use levels of food additives
D)prohibited the FDA from regulating food additives
E)did none of the other choices

Question 28

In U.S.v.LaGrou Distribution Systems,where LaGrou,a cold storage warehouse for commercial food,was charged with unsanitary conditions,the court held that the company:

A)could be fined,but the managers could not,because it was a corporate violation
B)could be convicted of a felony but the managers could not,as it was a corporate violation
C)could be convicted of a felony as could the managers who ran the operation
D)could not be held liable because the inspection was done without a proper warrant
E)none of the other choices

Question 29

The _____________ has primary responsibility for sanitation of meat,poultry,and eggs:

A)U.S.Chemistry Bureau
B)U.S.Food Bureau
C)U.S.Department of Agriculture
D)U.S.Department of Food and Drugs
E)U.S.Department of Meat

Question 30

The Food Additives Amendment to the Food,Drug and Cosmetic Act is known as:

A)the Delaney Clause
B)the Harrison Clause
C)the Additive Clause
D)the Preservative Clause
E)the Additive Substances Clause

Question 31

The Food Additives Amendment (Delaney Clause)to the Food,Drug,and Cosmetic Act was replaced by the Food Quality Protection Act in 1996 because the Delaney Clause:

A)was not strict enough
B)did not bring about the economic growth it was expected to spark
C)only applied to food and drug producers contracting with the government
D)did not apply to food and drug producers contracting with the government
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 32

The Food Quality Protection Act expanded FDA jurisdiction to:

A)pesticides used in food production
B)veterinary products
C)pesticides used in textile material production
D)dog food
E)all of the other specific choices are correct

Question 33

In U.S.v.LaGrou Distribution Systems,where LaGrou,a cold storage warehouse for commercial food,was charged with unsanitary conditions,the appeals court:

A)dismissed the lower court's conviction of both the company and the managers based on the evidence of the many health violations
B)dismissed the lower court's conviction of the company and of the managers based on the evidence of the managers' attempts to fix the situation and the company's cooperation
C)upheld the lower court's conviction of the company,but not of the managers based on the evidence of the managers' attempts to fix the situation
D)dismissed the lower court's conviction of the company,but not of the managers based on the evidence of the managers' failure to
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 34

Which of the following agencies has primary responsibility for sanitation of meat,poultry,and eggs:

A)U.S.Chemistry Bureau
B)U.S.Food Bureau
C)U.S.Department of Agriculture
D)U.S.Department of Food and Drugs
E)U.S.Department of Meat

Question 35

The Food,Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1938 expanded the FDA's powers to include the power to allow it to do which of the following:

A)prohibit false advertising of drugs
B)regulate costs of essential food items
C)require quotas of essential food items to be produced
D)require quotas of essential drugs to be produced
E)all of the other specific choices are correct

Question 36

The Food Additives Amendment (Delaney Clause)to the Food,Drug,and Cosmetic Act was replaced by the Food Quality Protection Act in 1996 because the Delaney Clause:

A)was not strict enough
B)was too strict
C)only applied to food and drug producers contracting with the government
D)did not apply to food and drug producers contracting with the government
E)did not bring about the economic growth it was expected to spark

Question 37

The Food Quality Protection Act requires that the FDA ensure a ____________ from any source that affects foods,raw or processed.

A)total certainty of no harm
B)complete certainty of no harm
C)relative certainty of no harm
D)reasonable certainty of no harm
E)possible certainty of no harm

Question 38

The Food Quality Protection Act holds that a substance may be approved for use in food if:

A)there is "no risk"
B)there is "no risk" it could induce cancer in humans
C)there is a "de minimus risk" of cancer in man or animals
D)there is a "reasonable certainty of no harm"
E)none of the other choices

Question 39

The Food Quality Protection Act's definition of "reasonable certainty of no harm" means that there is ________________ from any source that affects foods,raw or processed.

A)no more than a one-in-a-million lifetime chance of cancer
B)no more than a one-in-ten lifetime chance of cancer
C)no chance of cancer under any circumstances
D)a minimal chance of cancer for otherwise healthy people
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 40

The Food Quality Protection Act holds that a substance may be approved for use in food if:

A)there is "no risk"
B)there is "no risk" it could induce cancer in humans
C)there is an "acceptable risk"
D)there is a "de minimus risk" of cancer in man or animals
E)none of the other choices

Question 41

The Nutrition Labeling and Education Act applies:

A)only to nutritional supplements such as vitamins
B)only to nutritional supplements such as herbal remedies
C)only to foods with a high-fat content
D)only to fresh produce
E)none of the other choices

Question 42

Under FDA regulations,vitamins such as thiamin,riboflavin and niacin:

A)may not occur in more than trace amounts in packaged food
B)may not be present even in trace amounts in packaged food
C)need not be listed on nutrition labels
D)must be listed on nutrition labels
E)must be clearly advertised on the package of any commercially available food

Question 43

Which of the following does not conform to FDA standards for food labels:

A)"fresh" means the food is raw or unprocessed
B)"light" means at least one-tenth fewer calories per serving than the regular serving
C)"low calorie" means the product has less than 40 calories per serving per 100 grams
D)"low fat" means the product has 3 grams or less of fat per 100 gram serving
E)all of the other choices are correct

Question 44

The _________________ required the FDA to issue nutrition labels.

A)Nutrition Marking Act
B)Nutrition Announcement Act
C)Nutrition Content Communication Act
D)Nutrition Assurance Act
E)Nutrition Labeling and Education Act

Question 45

The _________________ required the FDA to issue nutrition labels.

A)Nutrition Marking Act
B)Nutrition Announcement Act
C)Nutrition Content Communication Act
D)Nutrition Assurance Act
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 46

Which of the following must be listed per serving portion on nutrition labels:

A)total calories and calories from fat
B)cholesterol
C)iron
D)protein
E)all of the other specific choices must be listed

Question 47

Under FDA regulations,vitamins such as thiamin,riboflavin and niacin:

A)may not occur in more than trace amounts in packaged food
B)may not be present even in trace amounts in packaged food
C)must be clearly advertised on the package of any commercially available food
D)must be listed on nutrition labels
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 48

Nutrition labeling does not require which of the following to be listed per serving portion:

A)total fat
B)fiber
C)calcium
D)carbohydrates
E)all of the other choices must be listed

Question 49

The intent of the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act is to:

A)make people eat healthier food
B)make people buy more packaged food
C)help companies sell their food products
D)prevent consumers from making informed purchases
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 50

Which of the following is not required to be listed on nutrition labels by the FDA because there is no shortage of it in American diets:

A)sodium
B)thiamin
C)vitamin A
D)vitamin C
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 51

The FDA began issuing regulations for nutrition labeling in:

A)1909
B)1940
C)1970
D)1973
E)1990

Question 52

The intent of the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act is to:

A)make people eat healthier food
B)make people buy more packaged food
C)help consumers make informed purchases
D)prevent consumers from making informed purchases
E)help companies sell their food products

Question 53

Which of the following is not required to be listed on nutrition labels by the FDA because there is no shortage of it in American diets:

A)sodium
B)riboflavin
C)vitamin A
D)vitamin C
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 54

According to FDA standards,food that is labeled as "fresh" must NOT have been:

A)processed
B)frozen
C)preserved
D)all of the other specific choices are correct
E)none of the other specific choices are correct

Question 55

Which of the following does not conform to FDA standards for food labels:

A)"fresh" means the food is raw or unprocessed
B)"light" means the product has less than one-half the calories of a comparable product per serving per 100 grams
C)"low calorie" means the product has less than 40 calories per serving per 100 grams
D)"low fat" means the product has 3 grams or less of fat per 100 gram serving
E)all of the other choices are correct

Question 56

The Nutrition Labeling and Education Act applies:

A)to more than 250,000 products
B)only to nutritional supplements such as herbal remedies
C)primarily to foods with a high-fat content
D)only to "inorganic" produce
E)only to nutritional supplements such as vitamins

Question 57

The intent of the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act is to:

A)make people eat healthier food
B)make people buy more packaged food
C)prevent misleading product claims
D)prevent consumers from making informed purchases
E)help companies sell their food products

Question 58

Nutrition labeling does not require which of the following to be listed per serving portion:

A)total fat
B)fiber
C)calcium
D)riboflavin
E)carbohydrates

Question 59

Which of the following must be listed per serving portion on nutrition labels:

A)carbohydrates
B)calcium
C)fiber
D)sodium
E)all of the other specific choices must be listed

Question 60

Which of the following is not required to be listed on nutrition labels by the FDA because there is no shortage of it in American diets:

A)sodium
B)niacin
C)vitamin A
D)vitamin C
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 61

Before passage of the 1938 Food,Drug,and Cosmetic Act,drugs were:

A)all prescribed by physician only
B)all prescribed by pharmacists and physicians
C)regulated by the FDA only if they posed "serious risks" to human health
D)completely unregulated,you could buy anything
E)none of the other choices

Question 62

The _________________ prohibits the sale of any drug until the FDA approves the application submitted by the manufacturer.

A)Food and Medicine Act
B)Drug Control Act
C)Food and Drug Regulation Act
D)Regulation of Food and Drug Act
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 63

The Food,Drug,and Cosmetic Act as passed in 1938:

A)repealed the 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act
B)gave the FDA responsibility to restrict the levels of food additives used
C)allowed the FDA to approve drugs for sale as prescription or non-prescription drugs
D)allowed the FDA to prohibit drugs not demonstrated to be effective
E)all of the other choices

Question 64

Which of the following food health claims may be made on labels:

A)the connection between calcium and the prevention of osteoporosis
B)the connection between fiber and reduced risk of heart disease
C)the connection between calcium and the ability to run fast
D)the connection between sodium and strong teeth
E)the connection between fiber and reduced risk of cancer

Question 65

"Old South" potato chips claim to have "that old-fashioned,deep-down satisfyin' taste." They also claim to be low-fat and low-calorie.According to standards created by the FDA,these chips must:

A)have less fat and fewer calories than their nearest competitor
B)contain fewer than 40 calories per serving
C)contain fewer than 10 grams of fat per serving
D)all of the other specific choices must be met
E)none of the other choices;such rules do not apply to snack foods

Question 66

Nutritional supplements are:

A)subject to the same regulations as drugs
B)subject to stricter regulations than drugs
C)subject to fewer regulations than drugs
D)more expensive than drugs
E)illegal in many states

Question 67

According to FDA standards,food that is labeled as "low fat" must:

A)have fewer than 2 grams of fat per serving
B)have fewer than 40 calories per serving
C)not have been processed in more than one way
D)not contain trans fats
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 68

The _________________ prohibits the sale of any drug until the FDA approves the application submitted by the manufacturer.

A)Food and Medicine Act
B)Food,Drug,and Cosmetic Act
C)Food and Drug Regulation Act
D)Regulation of Food and Drug Act
E)Drug Control Act

Question 69

The Food,Drug,and Cosmetic Act as passed in 1938:

A)repealed the 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act
B)gave the FDA responsibility to restrict the levels of food additives used
C)required the FDA to monitor nutrition information on food products
D)allowed the FDA to prohibit drugs not demonstrated to be effective
E)none of the other choices

Question 70

Drug regulation in China can be problematic because:

A)the Chinese FDA is too strict
B)the Chinese FDA is known to take bribes
C)the Chinese FDA is overstaffed
D)no one in China cares about drug safety
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 71

One reason foreign countries adopt FDA standards for drug production is that they want to:

A)export their products to the U.S.
B)export their products to the EU countries
C)import drugs from the U.S.
D)maintain a reputation for low-cost drugs
E)export their products to the EU countries and import drugs from the U.S.

Question 72

Applicants who want to sell a drug in the U.S.market must:

A)submit evidence that the drug is safe for its intended use
B)pay a fee
C)submit evidence that the drug is reasonable for its intended use
D)make the drug affordable for everyone who needs it
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 73

According to FDA standards,food that is labeled as "low calorie" must:

A)never have been frozen
B)have 3 or fewer grams of fat per serving
C)not have been processed in more than one way
D)not contain trans fats
E)none of the other choices are correct

Question 74

Before passage of the 1938 Food,Drug,and Cosmetic Act,drugs were:

A)all prescribed by physician only
B)all prescribed by pharmacists and physicians
C)regulated by the FDA only if they posed "serious risks" to human health
D)either legal or illegal
E)completely unregulated,you could buy anything

Question 75

Which of the following health claims may NOT be made on food labels without sufficient documentation by the seller:

A)the connection between calcium and the prevention of osteoporosis
B)the connection between fat and heart disease
C)the connection between fiber and reduced risk of heart disease
D)the connection between fat and cancer
E)all of the other specific choices may be mentioned on food labels without any extra documentation

Question 76

A possible benefit of drug regulations in place in many European nations is that:

A)new drugs are introduced to the market more quickly
B)many more drugs may be purchased without a prescription
C)companies wishing to sell in Europe do not need be licensed in each individual country
D)pharmaceutical may be less expensive because companies spend less time getting through administrative hurdles
E)all of the other choices may be benefits of the European system

Question 77

According to FDA standards,food that is labeled as "low calorie" must:

A)never have been frozen
B)have 3 or fewer grams of fat per serving
C)not have been processed in more than one way
D)not contain trans fats
E)have fewer than 40 calories per serving

Question 78

Comparing regulation of drugs to other countries,the U.S.is:

A)not very strict compared to nations of Europe
B)not very strict compared to most underdeveloped nations
C)one of the strictest nations but has little impact on the world market
D)one of the strictest nations and has great impact on the world market
E)none of the other choices

Question 79

Which of the following health claims may NOT be made on food labels without sufficient documentation by the seller:

A)the connection between calcium and the prevention of osteoporosis
B)the connection between fat and heart disease
C)the connection between sodium and high blood pressure
D)the connection between fat and cancer
E)all of the other specific choices may be mentioned on food labels without any extra documentation

Question 80

According to FDA standards,food that is labeled as "low fat" must:

A)have fewer than 2 grams of fat per serving
B)have 3 or fewer grams of fat per serving
C)not have been processed in more than one way
D)not contain trans fats
E)have fewer than 40 calories per serving