Deck 22: Treatment of Hypertension

Question 1

Gestational hypertension typically occurs after _____ weeks of pregnancy in susceptible women.

A)20
B)25
C)32
D)36

Answer 1

20

Question 2

Which of the following is classified as the most severe stage of hypertension and most often requires two-drug therapy?

A)Preeclampsia
B)Prehypertension
C)Stage 1
D)Stage 2

Answer 2

Stage 2

Question 3

Which ACE inhibitor is a good choice for patients with decreased kidney function?

A)Enalapril
B)Fosinopril
C)Quinapril
D)Ramipril

Answer 3

Fosinopril

Question 4

_____ is the most diagnosed medical condition in the United States.

A)Myocardial infarction
B)Hypertension
C)Diabetes
D)Cancer

Question 5

Which of the following drugs can cause dehydration and hypokalemia?

A)Lisinopril
B)Triamterene
C)Spironolactone
D)Furosemide

Question 6

How do diuretics help lower BP?

A)Block sodium channels in the heart to reduce cardiac output (CO)
B)Increase peripheral resistance (PR)reducing CO
C)Decrease blood volume reducing CO
D)Decrease PR by increasing CO

Question 7

Which of the following drugs is associated with a characteristic cough side effect?

A)Olmesartan
B)Quinapril
C)Reserpine
D)Verapamil

Question 8

Which type of hypertension is the predominant form in patients younger than 50 years?

A)Systolic
B)Diastolic
C)Pulmonary
D)Aortic

Question 9

Hypertension is sometimes called the _____ because it can cause damage to the body without any obvious symptoms.

A)family disease
B)silent killer
C)sneaky sickness
D)lifestyle disease

Question 10

Which of the following would reduce the effectiveness of loop diuretics?

A)Antibiotics
B)Oral contraceptives
C)Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
D)Nitroglycerin

Question 11

How is spironolactone able to lower BP?

A)It binds to aldosterone receptors,which triggers angiotensin to be released,decreasing cardiac output.
B)It allows sodium and water to be eliminated through the kidneys,decreasing blood volume.
C)It acts as an antagonist on a-receptors,decreasing peripheral resistance.
D)It allows sodium and potassium to be reabsorbed through the kidneys,which helps regulate the force of contraction of the heart.

Question 12

Which of the following is used as a first-line therapy for hypertension?

A)Bumetanide
B)Hydrochlorothiazide
C)Triamterene
D)Fosinopril

Question 13

ACE inhibitors and ARBs are contraindicated in pregnancy because they can interfere with fetal development of the ____.

A)liver
B)kidneys
C)intestines
D)lungs

Question 14

When dispensing _____,the warning label AVOID SALT SUBSTITUTES should be placed on the prescription vial.

A)torsemide
B)indapamide
C)triamterene
D)metolazone

Question 15

The first step in prevention and management of hypertension in people with normal BP or those who have prehypertension is ____.

A)counseling
B)lifestyle modification
C)diuretics
D)stress management classes

Question 16

Which of the following is recommended first line for the treatment of hypertension when diabetes is present?

A)Potassium-sparing diuretics
B)Loop diuretics
C)ACE inhibitors
D)Thiazide diuretics

Question 17

Of the following,_____ would be considered the most potent because loop diuretics inhibit resorption of sodium at a greater rate.

A)chlorthalidone
B)torsemide
C)triamterene
D)spironolactone

Question 18

BP greater than _____ mm Hg is an emergency and should be treated immediately.

A)170/100
B)175/105
C)180/110
D)all of the above

Question 19

Systolic blood pressure (SBP)ranging between 120 and 139 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)ranging between 80 and 89 mm Hg is defined as ____.

A)prehypertension
B)systolic hypertension
C)diastolic hypertension
D)none of the above

Question 20

Stage 1 hypertension should be managed with _____.

A)lifestyle modification and drug therapy
B)stress management and drug therapy
C)drug therapy
D)stress management and lifestyle modification

Question 21

Which of the following could also be used to treat ischemic heart disease because of its ability to reduce LDL cholesterol levels?

A)Prazosin
B)Hydralazine
C)Nifedipine
D)Labetalol

Question 22

MATCHING
Match each of the following drugs with its drug class.
a.Loop diuretic
b.ACE inhibitor
c.Thiazide diuretic
d.Angiotensin II receptor antagonist
e.Aldosterone receptor blocker
Spironolactone

Question 23

Which of the following can be used as a first line of therapy for hypertension in patients who have angina?

A)Hydralazine
B)Reserpine
C)Minoxidil
D)Atenolol

Question 24

Which of the following is the first line of therapy for treatment of hypertension when CAD is present and ACE inhibitors are not tolerated?

A)Olmesartan
B)Quinapril
C)Reserpine
D)Verapamil

Question 25

MATCHING
Match each of the following drugs with its drug class.
a.Loop diuretic
b.ACE inhibitor
c.Thiazide diuretic
d.Angiotensin II receptor antagonist
e.Aldosterone receptor blocker
Bumetanide

Question 26

MATCHING
Match each of the following drugs with its drug class.
a.Loop diuretic
b.ACE inhibitor
c.Thiazide diuretic
d.Angiotensin II receptor antagonist
e.Aldosterone receptor blocker
Lisinopril

Question 27

MATCHING
Match each of the following drugs with its drug class.
a.Loop diuretic
b.ACE inhibitor
c.Thiazide diuretic
d.Angiotensin II receptor antagonist
e.Aldosterone receptor blocker
Chlorthalidone

Question 28

Why would methyldopa be useful to treat hypertension?

A)It binds to b-receptors and acts as an antagonist,reducing cardiac output.
B)It acts an antagonist on epinephrine receptors,reducing blood pressure.
C)It activates receptors in the brain that inhibit sympathetic activity,decreasing blood pressure.
D)It triggers the parasympathetic sympathetic system to help decrease blood pressure.

Question 29

Which drug is recommended for parenteral use in hypertensive emergencies and is safe for the treatment of preeclampsia in pregnant women?

A)Fosinopril
B)Hydralazine
C)Nifedipine
D)Labetalol

Question 30

MATCHING
Match each of the following drugs with its drug class.
a.Loop diuretic
b.ACE inhibitor
c.Thiazide diuretic
d.Angiotensin II receptor antagonist
e.Aldosterone receptor blocker
Irbesartan

Question 31

Most of the drugs used to treat hypertension have which of the following common characteristics to help lower blood pressure?

A)They increase vasoconstriction and peripheral vascular resistance,decreasing blood pressure.
B)They release some of the pressure on the blood vessels by decreasing blood vessel elasticity to reduce blood pressure.
C)They increase vasoconstriction,which increases blood supply and reduces the workload of the heart.
D)They produce vascular relaxation,which reduces peripheral resistance and lowers blood pressure.