Deck 1: The Science and Scope of Nutrition

Question 1

Which of the following macronutrients does NOT provide energy?

A)water
B)lipids
C)carbohydrates
D)proteins
E)All of them provide energy.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

According to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,the majority of Americans are getting their recommended servings of whole grains,fruits,and vegetables.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

A nutrient that cannot be made by the body in sufficient quantities and that must be obtained from food is a/an

A)organic nutrient.
B)inorganic nutrient.
C)essential nutrient.
D)phytochemical.
E)functional nutrient.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Minerals are non-essential nutrients and provide 4 kilocalories per gram.

Question 5

Which of the following macronutrients is the preferred fuel for the brain and red blood cells?

A)proteins
B)lipids
C)water
D)carbohydrates
E)A and B

Question 6

Fats are similar to carbohydrates and are composed of carbon,hydrogen,and oxygen.

Question 7

John and his wife are celebrating their first wedding anniversary.Their dinner consists of 55 grams of carbohydrates,36 grams of protein,27 grams of fat,and 18 grams of alcohol.What is the total caloric value of their meal?

A)634 kilocalories
B)733 kilocalories
C)778 kilocalories
D)877 kilocalories
E)1,008 kilocalories

Question 8

All of the following statements about carbohydrates are true,EXCEPT

A)they are composed of carbon,hydrogen,and oxygen.
B)they are a major source of energy in the body.
C)they are categorized into simple and complex carbohydrates.
D)they provide more calories than protein.
E)they are a component of DNA and RNA.

Question 9

Which of the following foods is rich in proteins?

A)legumes
B)oils
C)vegetables
D)fruits
E)water

Question 10

Iron-deficiency is considered to be a form of malnutrition.

Question 11

Water-soluble vitamins include vitamins C,B,and

Question 12

The composition of proteins is different from that of carbohydrates due to the presence of

A)carbon.
B)hydrogen.
C)nitrogen.
D)oxygen.
E)None of the abovE.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT considered a nutrient?

A)phytochemicals
B)proteins
C)fats
D)carbohydrates
E)water

Question 14

What is the primary form of fat in our bodies?

A)cholesterol
B)triglycerides
C)phospolipids
D)lipoproteins
E)omega-3 fatty acids

Question 15

How many classes of nutrients do we know of?

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)6

Question 16

Essential nutrients are those that

A)are found in all animal-derived foods.
B)the body cannot produce and must be supplied through food.
C)are found in fortified foods.
D)are sold in health food stores as supplements.
E)are found in green leafy vegetables.

Question 17

Which of the following foods contains the most carbohydrates per gram?

A)chicken
B)beef
C)butter
D)milk
E)egg

Question 18

Nutrients are classified into macronutrients and micronutrients.All of the following are macronutrients,EXCEPT

A)sodium.
B)water.
C)protein.
D)iron.
E)A and D

Question 19

The carbohydrate family includes

A)sugar,starch,and fiber.
B)starch,calcium,and fiber.
C)fiber,sugar,and sulfur.
D)sugar,water,and starch.
E)starch,fiber,and sterol.

Question 20

Phytochemicals are found in all protein-rich foods,including chicken,eggs,and fish.

Question 21

Compared with the Estimated Average Requirements,the Recommended Dietary Allowances for nutrients are set at ______ level.

A)a slightly lower
B)a much lower
C)the same
D)a slightly higher
E)a much higher

Question 22

The standard that represents the average nutrient intake estimated to meet the daily requirements of 50% of healthy individuals is called the

A)Recommended Dietary Allowance.
B)Adequate Intake.
C)Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range.
D)Estimated Average Requirements.
E)Estimated Energy Requirement.

Question 23

Gram for gram,which nutrient(s)provide(s)the least energy?

A)protein
B)lipids
C)carbohydrates
D)alcohol
E)A and C

Question 24

How many water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins do we know of?

A)10 and 4,respectively
B)10 and 3,respectively
C)4 and 10,respectively
D)3 and 10,respectively
E)10 and 5,respectively

Question 25

The standard that represents the average nutrient intake estimated to meet the daily requirements of nearly 98% of healthy individuals is called the

A)Recommended Dietary Allowance.
B)Adequate Intake.
C)Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range.
D)Estimated Average Requirements.
E)Estimated Energy Requirement.

Question 26

Minerals are classified into "major" and "trace" minerals.Which of the following lists only contains major minerals?

A)Calcium,iron,zinc,phosphorus
B)Iron,selenium,sodium,magnesium
C)Copper,chromium,fluoride,iodine
D)Potassium,sodium,magnesium,calcium
Magnesium,manganese,molybdenum,chloride

Question 27

Linda takes calcium and vitamin D supplements but is worried about increasing her risk for kidney stones.Which of the following standards will provide Linda with the information necessary to determine the maximum amount of nutrients that would be safe for her to consume without the risk of side effects?

A)Recommended Dietary Allowance
B)Adequate Intake
C)Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range
D)Estimated Average Requirements
E)Tolerable Upper Intake Level

Question 28

According to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range,20% to 35% of the total caloric intake should come from fat.If Marcus is on a 3,500 kilocalorie diet,how many kilocalories should he obtain from dietary fat?

A)400-905 kcal
B)500-1005 kcal
C)600-1115 kcal
D)700-1225 kcal
E)800-1355 kcal

Question 29

Sarah is making a pound cake for the bake sale.Of the 2,400 total kilocalories for the entire cake,30% comes from fat.How many grams of fat are there in the cake?

A)30 grams
B)60 grams
C)80 grams
D)100 grams
E)240 grams

Question 30

Which of the following statements is NOT true about epidemiological studies?

A)Subjects are randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group.
B)Such studies can assess interactions between genetic,behavioral,and environmental factors.
C)Their main purpose is to observe the variables in a population.
D)The results of the study cannot be used to establish cause and effect.
E)There is no intervention involved in this type of study.

Question 31

Based on the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range,what is the recommendation for carbohydrate intake?

A)less than 10%
B)15%-25%
C)30%-40%
D)45%-65%
E)greater than 70%

Question 32

Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?

A)vitamin A
B)vitamin C
C)vitamin D
D)vitamin E
E)vitamin K

Question 33

The standard that provides recommendations for healthy ranges of energy-yielding macronutrients is termed the

A)Recommended Dietary Allowance.
B)Adequate Intake.
C)Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range.
D)Estimated Average Requirements.
E)Tolerable Upper Intake Level.

Question 34

What is the standard unit used to measure food energy?

A)kilograms
B)kilocalories
C)pounds
D)newtons
E)grams

Question 35

David is a football player consuming a high-calorie diet.His daily caloric intake is set at 4,500 kilocalories with the macronutrient distribution as follows: 45% carbohydrates,18% fat,and the rest from protein.How many grams of protein is David's diet providing? (Round your answer to the nearest whole number)

A)103 grams
B)203 grams
C)316 grams
D)416 grams
E)506 grams

Question 36

What is the correct sequence of steps in following the scientific method to conduct research?

A)make observations,conduct experiment,propose hypothesis,and develop a theory
B)make observations,propose hypothesis,conduct experiment,and develop a theory
C)propose hypothesis,make observations,develop a theory,and conduct experiment
D)conduct experiment,develop a theory,make observations,and propose hypothesis
E)develop a theory,conduct experiment,make observations,and propose hypothesis

Question 37

Which of the following diseases is NOT related to diet?

A)stroke
B)heart disease
C)cancer
D)diabetes
E)pneumonia

Question 38

Micronutrients are those that are required in small quantities.Which of the following is NOT a micronutrient?

A)vitamin D
B)iodine
C)fiber
D)vitamin K
E)zinc

Question 39

Based on the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range,what is the recommendation for protein intake?

A)less than 5%
B)10%-35%
C)40%-50%
D)55%-60%
E)greater than 65%

Question 40

Of the 10 leading causes of death in the United States,how many are related to diet?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Question 41

What is the purpose of using a placebo in experimental studies?

Question 42

Susan wants to enhance her immunity during the flu season.Which of the following would be the LEAST credible source of information?

A)advice from a registered dietitian
B)guidelines on flu-prevention on the website yourhealth.com
C)CDC guidelines on their website
D)a recent peer-reviewed article on zinc from the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
E)flu-prevention strategies provided by your doctor

Question 43

What are the four values included in the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI)? Describe each of these standards in establishing recommendations for nutrient intake?

Question 44

What is the key premise of the "developmental origins hypothesis"? How does maternal nutrition affect health of the offspring?

Question 45

What causes malnutrition? Describe the two forms of malnutrition with examples.

Question 46

What are the factors that influence your daily food choices?

Question 47

What are the nutrition-related objectives of Healthy People 2020? How will these objectives promote health and prevent disease in today's obesity-promoting environment?

Question 48

What are phytochemicals? In which foods are they commonly found? Describe two of their functions in promoting health and preventing disease.

Question 49

What is a nutrient? How many classes of nutrients do we know of? Identify the primary function of each nutrient.

Question 50

List the four macronutrients and identify two major functions of each.

Question 51

Describe the steps involved in the scientific method of conducting a study.Discuss the reasons why following these specific series of steps will result in a well-designed experimental study.

Question 52

An animal study is being conducted to determine the effect of vitamin C on the incidence of common cold.The researcher gives one group of rats the vitamin C pills and the other group of rats gets the "dummy" pill (placebo).The rats that received the placebo would be called the

A)dummy group.
B)double-blind group.
C)intervention group.
D)experimental group.
E)control group.