Deck 6: Topical Anesthetic Agents

Question 1

What is the name of the most potent ester topical anesthetic?

A) 2.5% Lidocaine and 2.5% prilocaine cream
B) Dyclonine hydrochloride
C) Tetracaine hydrochloride
D) Benzocaine

Answer 1

Tetracaine hydrochloride

Question 2

Although topical anesthetics are generally regarded as safe,if used improperly they can produce adverse reactions that are fatal.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Which of the following properties are advantages to topical anesthetics being in a liquid form?

A) Provides anesthesia to a widespread area
B) Useful to decrease a patient's gag reflex
C) Can be applied to site-specific areas with an applicator
D) All of the above
E) Some combination of the above

Answer 3

All of the above

Question 4

The published maximum dosage recommendation for the topical anesthetic benzocaine is 200 mg.

Question 5

Benzocaine topical anesthetic exists almost entirely in its base form,making absorption into circulation high.

Question 6

To obtain the most benefit from the use of topical anesthetics,a fairly substantial amount of topical should be placed on the cotton tip applicator.This amount mixes with the saliva and may numb the tongue,soft palate,or pharynx.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Question 7

The over-the-counter product Anbesol with benzocaine can be safely used by all family members.

Question 8

What is a drawback to the use of an unmetered topical anesthetic spray?

A) Cost
B) Not dose manageable
C) Cross-contamination
D) Site-specific

Question 9

Lidocaine is metabolized in the liver and excreted via the kidneys with less than 10% remaining unchanged.

Question 10

Which of the following properties is an advantage of purchasing a single-dose unit of a topical anesthetic?

A) Dose manageable
B) Cost-effective
C) Less cross-contamination
D) a and c
E) All of the above

Question 11

What is the name of a common ketone topical anesthetic?

A) Lidocaine
B) Dyclonine hydrochloride
C) Tetracaine hydrochloride
D) Benzocaine

Question 12

What is the main difference in the mechanism of action between topical anesthetics and injectable anesthetics?

A) Location of the blocking of nerve conduction
B) Increase of depolarization
C) Decrease of excitability threshold
D) All of the above

Question 13

Which of the following are considered advantages for the use of topical anesthetic agents?
1) Pain control2. Stimulation of gag reflex3. Can be purchased over the counter4. Ease of use

A) 1, 4
B) 1, 3, 4
C) 1, 2, 3, 4
D) Some other combination

Question 14

Tetracaine hydrochloride has a rather slow onset of action; however,it can last approximately 45 minutes.

Question 15

What is the name of a common ester topical anesthetic?

A) Lidocaine
B) Dyclonine hydrochloride
C) Prilocaine 2.5%
D) Benzocaine

Question 16

List common forms of topical anesthetics used in dentistry.

Question 17

List the methods for delivery of topical anesthetic drugs.

Question 18

Which of the following characteristics could contribute to the properties of an ideal intraoral topical anesthetic?

A) Allergenic
B) Allow pain-free application
C) Dissolves readily at the site of application
D) Produces some systemic toxicity

Question 19

A patient presents to your dental office the day after her dental appointment,complaining of swelling and itching on the right side of her face.You should reassure the patient that it is not possible that her symptoms are related to dental anesthesia.

Question 20

The most commonly found form of lidocaine is in base form because it is water soluble and can easily penetrate and be absorbed into the tissues.

Question 21

Possible localized adverse effects of topical anesthetics could include which of the following?
1) Stinging at the site of application2. Tissue discoloration3. Sloughing

A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 2, 3.
D) 1, 2, 3
E) Some other combination

Question 22

While at room temperature,Oraqix is in gel form in the cartridge.It will liquidate as it reaches body temperature in the periodontal pocket.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Question 23

What has the combined lidocaine/prilocaine cream been approved and effectively used for?

A) Medical procedures
B) Dental procedures
C) Topical anesthetic for skin abrasions
D) All of the above

Question 24

Which of the following is/are true regarding topical anesthetics?

A) Allergic reactions can occur up to 2 days after the anesthetic is given.
B) Benzocaine and tetracaine are both amides, which increases their potential for causing an allergic reaction.
C) If there were an allergic reaction, it is likely to present immediately at the time of anesthesia.
D) All of the above
E) Some combination of the above

Question 25

What is the reason that concentrations of topical anesthetic agents are higher than those of their injectable counterparts?

A) Topical agents are not natural vasoconstrictors like injectable anesthetic agents.
B) They facilitate high plasma concentrations of topical anesthetic agents.
C) They facilitate diffusion of the topical anesthetic agent through the mucous membranes.
D) With topical anesthetic agents, systemic absorption decreases.

Question 26

Why does the local and systemic absorption of topical anesthetics increase the risk of toxicity?

A) Topical anesthetics do not contain vasoconstrictors.
B) Topical anesthetics are formulated in high concentrations.
C) Topical anesthetics are absorbed quickly into the tissue and blood stream due to vasodilation of the area.
D) All of the above

Question 27

Which of the following are best practices to follow when administering local anesthesia of any kind in the dental office?
1) Review the patient's health and dental history at all appointments.2. Use the lowest concentration of anesthesia to satisfy clinical requirements.3. Limit the area of application.4. Know the concentration of the drug being used.

A) 2, 3, 4
B) 1, 3
C) Some other combination
D) All of the above

Question 28

Which patients may be more susceptible to adverse effects to topical anesthetic agents?

A) Children
B) Elderly
C) Medically compromised
D) All of the above

Question 29

Which topical anesthetic has warnings about the risk of methemoglobinemia?

A) Benzocaine creams
B) Benzocaine sprays
C) Tetracaine hydrochloride
D) Dyclonine hydrochloride

Question 30

What is the available concentration of Oraqix?

A) 5% lidocaine and 5% prilocaine
B) 2.5% lidocaine and 2.5% prilocaine
C) 14% Benzocaine, 2% butamben, and 2% tetracaine hydrochloride
D) 20% Benzocaine and 5% lidocaine

Question 31

What is the maximum recommended dose of Oraqix at one dental treatment session?

A) Two cartridges
B) Four cartridges
C) Five cartridges
D) Eleven cartridges

Question 32

Which of the following are considered advantages of the application of dental topical anesthetics in a patch form?

A) Site-specific
B) Multiple choices
C) Cost-effective
D) All of the above

Question 33

What FDA Category does Oraqix fall into?

A) Category A
B) Category B
C) Category C
D) Categories B or C, depending on the concentration used.