Deck 12: Contraception and Abortion

Question 1

The best method to prevent pregnancy and protect against sexually transmitted infections is

A)a diaphragm.
B)abstinence.
C)birth-control pills.
D)a cervical cap.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The earliest versions of condoms consisted of sheaths made out of

A)limestone.
B)linen.
C)animal intestine.
D)papyrus.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

A combination pill contains

A)nonoxynol-9 and progestin.
B)estrogen and progestin.
C)nonoxynol-9 and estrogen.
D)testosterone and progestin.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

When people talk about "the pill," they are referring to

A)progestin-only pills.
B)multiphasic pills.
C)combination pills.
D)All of the above can be called "the pill."

Question 5

In Greek and Roman times what was used for contraception?

A)Something similar to the present day condom
B)Absorbent materials placed in the vagina
C)Drugs
D)Fluids to flush the vagina

Question 6

Combination pills contain synthetic

A)estrogen and vitamins.
B)progestin and vitamins.
C)estrogen and prostaglandins.
D)estrogen and progesterone.

Question 7

Which is not a type of combination pill?

A)Ortho-novum
B)Minipill
C)Ovcon
D)Loestrin

Question 8

The most popular form of birth control for single women of child-bearing age is

A)the condom.
B)the diaphragm.
C)withdrawal.
D)the birth-control pill.

Question 9

Which of the following should be considered when selecting a method of contraception?

A)effectiveness
B)safety
C)protection against STIs
D)All of the above

Question 10

In what year was the birth-control pill introduced to the U.S. public?

A)1940
B)1950
C)1960
D)1970

Question 11

Combination birth-control pills work by

A)preventing the production of estrogen.
B)preventing the production of progesterone and thus ovulation.
C)preventing a fertilized egg from implanting in the uterus.
D)preventing the release of FSH and LH.

Question 12

In United States history, the Comstock Law

A)outlawed the spread of contraceptive information, even by a physician.
B)allowed only physicians to dispense information about contraception.
C)opened the doors for the legal sale of contraceptive devices.
D)allowed physicians to dispense information about sexually transmitted disease.

Question 13

The term condom was not used to describe penile sheaths until

A)paternity was tied to coitus.
B)the late 18th century.
C)the 13th century.
D)the early 20th century.

Question 14

The minipill releases

A)estrogen.
B)progesterone.
C)testosterone.
D)nonoxynol-9.

Question 15

The first step in undoing the Comstock law occurred when

A)abortion was legalized in the case of Roe v. Wade.
B)oral contraception was approved for sales in the United States.
C)courts ruled that physicians must be able to discuss the prevention and cure of sexually transmitted diseases.
D)a law preventing the sale of contraception was ruled unconstitutional in the case of Griswold v. Connecticut.

Question 16

Historically, people have attempted methods of contraception ever since

A)the discovery that coitus is associated with conception.
B)Ancient Egypt.
C)Ancient Rome.
D)the middle ages.

Question 17

Your text argues that preventing pregnancy is best done through

A)adoption.
B)illegal abortion.
C)contraception.
D)male enhancement pills.

Question 18

In what year did Margaret Sanger establish the National Birth Control League?

A)1876
B)1914
C)1955
D)1973

Question 19

Oral contraceptives are most commonly referred to as

A)minipills.
B)the pill.
C)cunnilingus.
D)intrauterine devices.

Question 20

What was the Comstock Act of the 1870s?

A)A bill that outlawed that selling of birth control information or devises
B)A bill that outlawed abortion
C)A bill that outlawed homosexual behavior
D)A bill that outlawed all premarital sex

Question 21

The perfect failure rate of the birth-control pill is ________ and the typical failure rate is ________ .

A)0.1%; 20%.
B)1%; 10%.
C)0.5%; 3%.
D)10%; 30%.

Question 22

If a woman on the pill experiences persistent nausea and fluid retention, her doctor is likely to

A)sterilize her.
B)switch her to a higher dose hormone pill.
C)switch her to a lower dose hormone pill.
D)have her pledge to completely refrain from sex.

Question 23

Many women in their mid to late thirties switch from oral contraceptives to other birth control methods

A)because they have sex less often.
B)because of an increased risk of cardiovascular complications.
C)to decrease the risk of endometrial cancer.
D)to decrease the risk of ovarian cancer.

Question 24

Which is a healthy side effect from birth-control pills?

A)They reduce the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease.
B)They help regularize menstrual cycles.
C)They reduce menstrual cramping and premenstrual discomfort.
D)All of the above

Question 25

Health professionals caution that if the morning-after pill fails,

A)the fetus might be damaged by exposure to the hormones the pill contains.
B)the pregnancy will be much more difficult throughout the first trimester.
C)the woman will be unable to ovulate regularly for at least six months.
D)the woman will experience severe nausea and experience amenorrhea.

Question 26

With combination pills, estrogen can increase a woman's weight by causing

A)fluid retention.
B)an increase in appetite.
C)the development of more muscle mass.
D)an increased need for sleep.

Question 27

If a woman forgets to take her birth-control pill in the first week, she should

A)take two pills immediately.
B)start a new pack.
C)use the withdrawal method for the remainder of the month.
D)take an antibiotic immediately.

Question 28

After stopping the use of oral contraceptives, nine out of ten women begin ovulating regularly within

A)three weeks.
B)three months.
C)six months.
D)one year.

Question 29

One disadvantage of using oral contraceptive pills is that they

A)offer no protection against sexually transmitted infections.
B)prevent one from ever becoming pregnant in the future.
C)increase dental problems.
D)result in having two periods every month.

Question 30

Failure rate for the "typical" use of the birth-control pill is

A)3%.
B)13%.
C)32%.
D)45%.

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a possible result of women taking progestin?

A)Increased facial hair
B)Vaginal dryness
C)Enlarged breast size
D)Irregular bleeding

Question 32

The progestin in combination pills

A)inhibits the production of LH.
B)inhibits the production of FSH.
C)decreases the thickness and acidity of cervical mucus.
D)inhibits the production of both FSH and LH.

Question 33

In general, birth-control pills work by

A)causing an implanted embryo to separate from the uterine wall.
B)creating a toxic environment for gametes.
C)aborting pregnancies in the first week of development.
D)preventing ovulation or implantation.

Question 34

Besides thickening the cervical mucus, the minipill also

A)makes the fallopian tubes too acidic for an egg.
B)suppresses ovulation.
C)renders the inner lining of the uterus less receptive to a fertilized egg.
D)increases progesterone levels.

Question 35

Progestin

A)lowers estrogen levels.
B)delays ovulation.
C)increases the thickness and acidity of the cervical mucus.
D)increases progesterone levels.

Question 36

All of the following contraceptives work in similar ways EXCEPT which of the following?

A)Combination pills
B)Spermicides
C)The patch
D)Depo-Provera

Question 37

Of the following, which is NOT noted to be a benefit of oral contraceptive use?

A)Reduction in the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease
B)Reduction in the risk of benign ovarian cysts
C)Reduction in facial acne
D)Reduction in high blood pressure

Question 38

The morning-after pill

A)has a lower hormone content than most birth-control pills.
B)in some cases is recommended as a regular form of birth control.
C)commonly causes nausea in its users.
D)prevents the ovum from passing through the fallopian tube.

Question 39

All of the following can be a disadvantage for women who take birth-control pills, EXCEPT

A)increased risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer.
B)heightens the risk of breast cancer.
C)reduces the effectiveness of antibiotics used to treat STIs.
D)weight gain.

Question 40

How is the "morning-after" pill different from the minipill?

A)The morning-after pill is a progestin-only pill, and the minipill is an estrogen-only pill.
B)The morning-after pill contains high doses of estrogen and progestin, and the minipill is a progestin only pill.
C)The morning-after pill prevents ovulation, and the minipill prevents implantation.
D)The morning-after pill is taken every day of the month, and the minipill is taken only after unprotected intercourse.

Question 41

Marcus and Venessa have planned a romantic evening of dinner and dancing. In preparation for the fact that they will most likely have sex later in the evening, Venessa inserts her diaphragm before leaving the house at seven. After the night of dinner and dancing, she expects to arrive at home with Marcus around midnight. What should Venessa know?

A)Dancing might dislodge the diaphragm.
B)Her spermicide is only good for two hours after she inserts it.
C)The diaphragm should only be inserted just before intercourse.
D)She is using her diaphragm correctly.

Question 42

A woman using Depo-Provera must receive an injection

A)every month.
B)every three months.
C)every six months.
D)once a year.

Question 43

The diaphragm's main function is to

A)prevent sperm from reaching the uterus.
B)alter the acidity in the vagina.
C)keep spermicide in place.
D)prevent implantation of a fertilized egg.

Question 44

IUD use in the United States during the last ten years has

A)dropped dramatically.
B)dropped slightly.
C)increased slightly.
D)tripled.

Question 45

Nina is concerned about the effectiveness of Depo-Provera as a contraceptive strategy. What should you tell Nina about the failure rate?

A)The failure rate is similar to that of the diaphragm.
B)The failure rate is only about 7%.
C)The failure rate is lower than the IUD but higher than oral contraceptives.
D)The failure rate is comparable to sterilization.

Question 46

Depending on the type used, injectable contraceptives need to be taken

A)weekly.
B)monthly or every three months.
C)every six months.
D)every twelve months.

Question 47

A type of birth control called Lunelle is

A)an injection.
B)an IUD.
C)a vaginal ring.
D)a pill placed directly in the vagina.

Question 48

What is a potential problem with the use of IUDs?

A)They can cause excessive menstrual cramps.
B)They can increase blood pressure.
C)They can fall out during athletic activities.
D)They can cause a mucous discharge.

Question 49

What is a potential benefit of the contraceptive patch over contraceptive pills?

A)The woman does not have to think about contraception daily
B)The woman is exposed to higher doses of hormones for more effective contraception
C)It is more likely to deliver hormones into the blood stream
D)It does not require putting any hormones into a woman's body

Question 50

Worldwide, the highest rate of IUD use is in

A)the United States.
B)China.
C)Great Britain.
D)India.

Question 51

What is NOT an advantage of IUDs?

A)They are not that expensive.
B)They are highly effective.
C)They do not diminish sexual spontaneity.
D)Once in place, there is no need to do more to prevent pregnancy.

Question 52

According to Dr. Autumn, Depo-Provera is

A)a contraceptive implant.
B)an injectable hormonal contraceptive.
C)a birth-control pill for men.
D)a "day after" pill.

Question 53

IUD use is not recommended for women with a history of

A)high blood pressure.
B)bladder infections.
C)ectopic pregnancy.
D)multiple pregnancies.

Question 54

Which of the following has been suggested as a possible way that an IUD prevents pregnancy?

A)By irritating the uterine lining
B)By attracting sperm so that they do not enter the fallopian tubes
C)By creating a physical barrier to the implantation of a fertilized ovum
D)All of the above have been suggested as possible ways IUDs work.

Question 55

What is the second most common contraceptive method in the U.S.?

A)Emergency contraception
B)The diaphragm
C)Intrauterine devices
D)Injectable contraceptives

Question 56

What is True about intrauterine devices?

A)They are devices women can use to time their menstrual period.
B)They are the second most popular form of birth control in the United States.
C)Their failure rate during the first year is about 23%.
D)They have been used by humans since Greek times.

Question 57

Which of the following is a barrier method of contraception?

A)Sterilization
B)Vaginal ring
C)Withdrawal
D)Diaphragm

Question 58

Which of the following forms of contraception also affords protection against contracting STIs?

A)Minipill
B)The patch
C)Lunelle
D)None of these methods protect against the transmission of STIs.

Question 59

Jessica has become pregnant with an IUD in place. What are the chances that she will have a miscarriage?

A)50%
B)35%
C)26%
D)10%

Question 60

An advantage of the Copper T IUD over oral contraceptives is that the IUD

A)allows for greater spontaneity in sexual activity.
B)has lower perfect and typical failure rates than oral contraceptives.
C)does not interfere with a woman's normal production of hormones.
D)only alters estrogen levels and does not interfere with progesterone production.

Question 61

For maximum effectiveness, how long must a diaphragm be kept in place after intercourse?

A)3 hours
B)6 hours
C)12 hours
D)24 hours

Question 62

Which is NOT True about cervical caps?

A)They are smaller than a diaphragm.
B)They provide continuous protection for nearly 48 hours.
C)They are intended to be used with a spermicide.
D)They sometimes cause irritation to the uterus.

Question 63

Hansel is considering becoming sexually active. He wants to use condoms to protect against the possibility of contracting an STI or HIV. Which type of condom should he use?

A)All types of condoms will protect from STI and HIV.
B)He should use skin condoms.
C)He should only use polyurethane condoms.
D)He should use latex condoms.

Question 64

Today, the condom is making a comeback as a contraceptive device largely because

A)of concerns about the side effects of the pill.
B)of concerns about the high failure rates in other barrier methods.
C)it protects from STIs and HIV.
D)of large-scale advertising efforts.

Question 65

According to the text, which is NOT a term for condom?

A)Safes
B)Booties
C)Rubbers
D)Skins

Question 66

On which days is intercourse avoided with the calendar method?

A)Days 1-13 of the menstrual cycle
B)Days 5-14 of the menstrual cycle
C)Days 10-17 of the menstrual cycle
D)Days 15-22 of the menstrual cycle

Question 67

The most likely reason for condom failure is

A)using the wrong size.
B)manufacturing defects.
C)using condom past their expiration date.
D)using condoms that have been stored in a cool, dry place.

Question 68

In typical use, the failure rate of the diaphragm is about

A)25%.
B)18%.
C)10%.
D)3%.

Question 69

Condoms with a reservoir tip

A)provide much more stimulation for the man's partner.
B)are more likely to burst during sex.
C)can not be made of latex.
D)None of the above

Question 70

Why are latex or polyurethane condoms recommended over lambskin condoms?

A)Latex or polyurethane condoms are far easier to put on.
B)Latex or polyurethane condoms are always lubricated.
C)Lambskin condoms allow viruses such as HIV to pass through them.
D)Lambskin condoms allow sperm to pass through them.

Question 71

Of the following lubricants, which is safe to use with a condom?

A)Baby oil
B)Vaseline
C)Hand lotion
D)K-Y jelly

Question 72

Spermicidal suppositories should be inserted

A)about three hours before intercourse.
B)about two hours before intercourse.
C)no less than an hour before intercourse.
D)no less than ten to fifteen minutes before intercourse.

Question 73

When used correctly and consistently, what is the rate of condom failure?

A)3%
B)10%
C)25%
D)50%

Question 74

Which of the following methods of contraception provides the best protection against sexually transmitted infections?

A)A diaphragm
B)Withdrawal
C)A spermicide
D)A male condom

Question 75

For maximum protection from pregnancy, partners using condoms should

A)never carry the condom in a pants pocket or wallet.
B)combine condom use with a spermicide.
C)never open the condom package until ready to use.
D)never use a scissors or teeth to open a condom package.

Question 76

In contrast to the diaphragm, the cervical cap

A)is larger and does not require the use of a spermicide.
B)is smaller and can provide protection for up to 48 hours.
C)is less likely to dislodge with the thrusting of the penis.
D)has a much lower typical use failure rate.

Question 77

Suzanne uses a diaphragm, and after having a steamy encounter with a man at a party, she does not want to risk a pregnancy from a one-night-stand. She decides to leave her diaphragm in place for a couple days. Which of the following is a possible result of this decision?

A)She will likely avoid pregnancy because the spermicide used with the diaphragm continue to kill sperm over time.
B)She is putting herself at risk of toxic shock syndrome by leaving the diaphragm in too long.
C)She may inadvertently increase her chances of pregnancy by failing to remove the man's ejaculate with the diaphragm immediately after intercourse.
D)Her decision is not what doctors recommend, but it may offer her psychological comfort and is harmless.

Question 78

Jeff and Wanda use condoms as their primary form of contraception. As part of their foreplay, Jeff likes to tease Wanda by "dipping," during which he rubs the head of his penis on the opening of her vagina, but he does not insert it. What should Jeff and Wanda know?

A)This is a common behavior that is considered a method of safer sex.
B)They should remember to put on a condom before proceeding to full intercourse.
C)If they use condoms, Jeff should wear the condom before "dipping."
D)If Jeff is wearing a condom during "dipping," he will have to change condoms before having intercourse.

Question 79

Which is True about nonoxynol-9?

A)It does not protect against STIs and may increase the risk of HIV infection.
B)It is one of the healthiest forms of contraception.
C)It is a foamy substance inserted into the cervix with an applicator.
D)It provides direct protection from trichomoniasis.

Question 80

Regarding the ways the contraceptive sponge is used and the ways it works, it is similar to all of the following. EXCEPT

A)diaphragms.
B)spermicides.
C)intrauterine device.
D)cervical cap.