Deck 15: Psychology and Human Behavior

Question 1

You experienced a close call while driving on the highway. Your body starts to relax and you no longer have a rapid heart rate. This is due to the _______ nervous system activity.

A)sympathetic
B)parasympathetic
C)peripheral
D)somatic

Answer 1

parasympathetic

Question 2

Anna has been diagnosed with a condition in which she is excitable, can't sleep, and has lost weight. This may be a result of

A)too much thyroxin.
B)too much dopamine.
C)too little thyroxin.
D)too little dopamine.

Answer 2

too little thyroxin.

Question 3

One of the problems with using Internet surveys is that

A)they are typically invalid.
B)they sample only subjects who have access to the Internet.
C)they discriminate against African Americans.
D)they are difficult to read.

Answer 3

they sample only subjects who have access to the Internet.

Question 4

Efferent neurons

A)are also called sensory neurons.
B)carry information to the CNS.
C)are also called motor neurons.
D)carry information to the brain.

Question 5

The United States population consists of 15 percent African Americans. A researcher who is trying to study a representative sample would include

A)90 percent Caucasians.
B)30 percent African Americans.
C)15 percent African Americans.
D)50 percent Caucasians.

Question 6

There are two types of research in psychology:

A)pure and applied.
B)proper and appropriate.
C)applied and purposeful.
D)pure and scientific.

Question 7

Which type of psychologist would most likely work with students who have social problems that are interfering with their learning?

A)Clinical
B)Social
C)Educational
D)School

Question 8

Dr. Waller spends her time studying how social behavior in adolescents has changed from generation to generation based on genetic traits. Dr. Waller is most likely a(n) ________ psychologist.

A)school
B)evolutionary
C)clinical
D)biological

Question 9

The Stanford Prison Experiment is considered unethical because it

A)exposed subjects to a dehumanizing situation.
B)inflicted physical pain on subjects.
C)discriminated against African Americans.
D)did all of these

Question 10

What role has women and members of various ethnic and racial groups played in psychology?

A)They have added to the diversity and richness of what is known about human behavior.
B)They have added to the knowledge base regarding how various groups respond to various treatments.
C)They have highlighted stereotypes that exist in American society.
D)All of these are true

Question 11

Anna reads that researchers have found the cure for dyslexia. As a critical thinker, she should do all except which of the following?

A)Examine the definition of dyslexia.
B)Consider other ways to explain the results of this research.
C)Be skeptical.
D)Be critical.

Question 12

Dr. Wry observed several individuals viewing an obscene television program. He assumed that their willingness to watch the program was based on their free choice. Dr. Wry supports the _______ perspective in psychology.

A)existentialism
B)psychoanalytical
C)social-cognitive
D)humanistic

Question 13

The transmission of traits from parents to offspring occurs by means of

A)genes.
B)chromosomes.
C)DNA.
D)all of these

Question 14

Understanding the information recorded by the sense organs is called

A)sensation.
B)perception.
C)signal detection.
D)none of these

Question 15

Structuralism is to functionalism as parts are to

A)elements.
B)components.
C)purpose.
D)behavior.

Question 16

The minimal amount of energy that can produce a sensation is called the

A)difference threshold.
B)just-noticeable difference.
C)signal threshold.
D)absolute threshold.

Question 17

Dr. Nielsen is conducting research that will help individuals cope better with alcohol addiction. This research represents which goal of psychology?

A)Explain
B)Predict
C)Control
D)Predict.

Question 18

Research regarding rates of alcoholism in various countries shows higher rates for places like the U.S. and Britain, but lower rates for Italy and Spain. This supports the _______ perspective in psychology.

A)sociocultural
B)social-cognitive
C)humanistic
D)all of these

Question 19

The _______ is a thick fiber bundle that connects the two cerebral hemispheres.

A)cerebral cortex
B)somatosensory cortex
C)corpus callosum
D)limbic system

Question 20

The _______ is responsible for the recording of incoming light waves.

A)retina
B)lens
C)optic nerve
D)cornea

Question 21

A _______ is an organism that engages in a response that is then imitated by another organism.

A)model
B)reinforcer
C)UCS
D)discriminative stimulus

Question 22

Drugs that activate the sympathetic nervous system are called

A)stimulants.
B)amphetamines.
C)cocaine.
D)all of these

Question 23

Studies have failed to show the existence of ESP from one researcher and study to another. It can be said that these experiments cannot be

A)replicated.
B)proven.
C)authenticated.
D)validated.

Question 24

Alice remembers her locker number by saying it over and over again. This is known as ________ rehearsal.

A)elaborative
B)rote
C)maintenance
D)recall

Question 25

Dancers rely on the _______ sensory system.

A)kinesthesis
B)vestibular
C)auditory
D)all of these

Question 26

Explicit memory is the same as _______ memory.

A)skill
B)procedural
C)declarative
D)repressed

Question 27

Unlike classical and operant conditioning, observational learning does not require

A)acquisition.
B)modeling.
C)imitation.
D)reinforcement.

Question 28

________ are detected on receptor neurons in the olfactory membrane.

A)Smells
B)Odors
C)Bitter tastes
D)Noxious fumes

Question 29

In classical conditioning, the learned response is referred to as the

A)CS.
B)CR.
C)UR.
D)US.

Question 30

An altered state of consciousness that involves a trance and high suggestibility is called

A)mediation.
B)hypnosis.
C)dreaming.
D)narcolepsy.

Question 31

Depth perception cues include all of the following except

A)convergence.
B)constancy.
C)interposition.
D)retinal disparity.

Question 32

Dreaming occurs during _______ sleep.

A)REM
B)pseudo
C)non-REM
D)hypnotic

Question 33

The mechanism responsible for recording sound waves in the ear is called the

A)auditory nerve.
B)eardrum.
C)stapes.
D)organ of corti.

Question 34

Your grandfather says that his right leg hurts even though the leg was amputated in a farming accident several years ago. This is known as

A)pain psychosis.
B)pain activation.
C)phantom limb pain.
D)neural limb activity.

Question 35

Slot machines and lotteries maintain a high level of responding because they are based on a _______ schedule of reinforcement.

A)fixed ratio
B)variable ratio
C)fixed interval
D)variable interval

Question 36

The behavioral perspective view emphasizes all except which of the following?

A)Unconscious impulses
B)Reinforcement
C)Changes in behavior due to experience
D)Changes in behavior due to practice

Question 37

Positive and negative reinforcers

A)have different effects on behavior.
B)increase behavior and decrease behavior.
C)have the same effect on behavior.
D)none of these

Question 38

When the body requires more of a drug to achieve the same effect as in the past, _______ has occurred.

A)tolerance
B)withdrawal
C)threshold
D)flashback

Question 39

Sleep terrors occur during _______ sleep.

A)REM
B)pseudo
C)non-REM
D)hypnotic

Question 40

According to psychoanalysis, information that can be brought into awareness by focusing one's attention is stored in the

A)unconscious.
B)preconscious.
C)nonconscious.
D)conscience.

Question 41

Context-dependent and state-dependent memories involve the effect of

A)schemas.
B)relearning.
C)retrieval cues.
D)interference.

Question 42

When toddlers use one word to express complex messages, _______ is being exhibited.

A)telegraphic speech
B)overregularization
C)holophrase
D)overextension

Question 43

_______ amnesia is associated with psychological conflict or trauma.

A)Dissociative
B)Retrograde
C)Anterograde
D)None of these

Question 44

This neurotransmitter has been associated with Alzheimer's disease.

A)Dopamine
B)Serotonin
C)Acetylcholine
D)Glutamate

Question 45

When people make judgments about samples according to the population they seem to model, the _______ heuristic is being used.

A)representativeness
B)availability
C)anchoring
D)adjustment

Question 46

The _______ quality of language allows for communication regarding objects and events in another time and place.

A)relativity
B)infinite creativity
C)semanticity
D)displacement

Question 47

Charles Spearman used the _____ symbol to represent broad reasoning and problem-solving abilities.

A)g
B)IQ
C)s
D)gs

Question 48

When an object is perceived in terms of its name or familiar usage, _______ is being demonstrated.

A)the framing effect
B)functional fixedness
C)insight
D)incubation

Question 49

_______ memory has a limited capacity.

A)Long-term
B)Short-term
C)Acoustic
D)Semantic

Question 50

A _______ is a mental category that is used to classify objects, relations, events, abstractions, or qualities that have common properties.

A)prototype
B)construct
C)mental set
D)concept