Deck 8: Articulations

Question 1

A suture is an example of a(n)

A) synarthrosis.
B) syndesmosis.
C) symphysis.
D) diarthrosis.
E) amphiarthrosis.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

An epiphyseal line is an example of a

A) gomphosis.
B) synchondrosis.
C) synostosis.
D) symphysis.
E) syndesmosis.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

A slightly movable joint is a(n)

A) synarthrosis.
B) diarthrosis.
C) amphiarthrosis.
D) gomphosis.
E) synostosis.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

A ligamentous connection such as an interosseus ligament is termed a

A) syndesmosis.
B) symphysis.
C) synchondrosis.
D) synostosis.
E) gomphosis.

Question 5

The synarthrosis that binds the teeth to the bony sockets is a

A) suture.
B) gomphosis.
C) synchondrosis.
D) synostosis.
E) none of the above

Question 6

Which of the following is not a characteristic of articular cartilage?

A) There is no perichondrium.
B) The matrix contains more water than other cartilages.
C) Surfaces are normally slick and smooth.
D) It is composed of hyaline cartilage.
E) It secretes synovial fluid.

Question 7

Which of these is not considered to be an accessory synovial structure?

A) fat pads
B) menisci
C) ligaments
D) bursae
E) synovial membrane

Question 8

Figure 8-1 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 8-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "5."

A) serous membrane
B) synovial membrane
C) joint capsule
D) periosteum
E) intracapsular ligament

Question 9

An immovable joint is a(n)

A) synarthrosis.
B) diarthrosis.
C) amphiarthrosis.
D) syndesmosis.
E) symphysis.

Question 10

Figure 8-1 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 8-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "2."

A) serous membrane
B) synovial membrane
C) joint capsule
D) periosteum
E) intracapsular ligament

Question 11

Joints can be classified structurally as

A) bony.
B) fibrous.
C) cartilaginous.
D) synovial.
E) all of the above

Question 12

Which of the following is not a function of synovial fluid?

A) shock absorption
B) increases osmotic pressure within joint
C) lubrication
D) provides nutrients
E) protects articular cartilages

Question 13

Which structure acts as a cushion and consists of fibrocartilage?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 14

A synovial joint is an example of a(n)

A) synarthrosis.
B) amphiarthrosis.
C) diarthrosis.
D) symphysis.
E) syndesmosis.

Question 15

Dense connective tissue is to a suture as a periodontal ligament is to a(n)

A) amphiarthrosis.
B) syndesmosis.
C) synostosis.
D) synchondrosis.
E) gomphosis.

Question 16

A freely movable joint is a(n)

A) synarthrosis.
B) diarthrosis.
C) amphiarthrosis.
D) syndesmosis.
E) symphysis.

Question 17

Figure 8-1 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 8-1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure at label " 1."

A) meniscus
B) bursa
C) articular cartilage
D) synovial membrane
E) joint cavity

Question 18

The surface of articular cartilage is

A) slick.
B) flat.
C) smooth.
D) rough.
E) both slick and smooth.

Question 19

Bursae can be found in all of the following areas, except

A) tendon.
B) ligaments.
C) within connective tissue exposed to friction or pressure.
D) around blood vessels.
E) around many synovial joints.

Question 20

Which of these is one of the four major types of synarthrotic joints?

A) suture
B) gomphosis
C) synchondrosis
D) synostosis
E) all of the above

Question 21

Which of the following is not a property of synovial joints?

A) freely movable
B) lined by a secretory epithelium
C) covered by a serous membrane
D) contain synovial fluid
E) covered by a capsule

Question 22

The intercarpal articulations are ________ joints.

A) saddle
B) ellipsoid
C) hinge
D) gliding
E) ball-and-socket

Question 23

Which of the following joints is an example of a ball-and-socket joint?

A) elbow
B) knee
C) ankle
D) wrist
E) shoulder

Question 24

The joint that permits the greatest range of mobility of any joint in the body is the ________ joint.

A) hip
B) shoulder
C) elbow
D) knee
E) wrist

Question 25

Syndesmosis is to ligament as symphysis is to

A) fibrous cartilage.
B) dense regular connective tissue.
C) periodontal ligament.
D) rigid cartilaginous bridge.
E) completely fused.

Question 26

The joints that connect the four fingers with the metacarpal bones are

A) ellipsoid joints.
B) saddle joints.
C) pivot joints.
D) hinge joints.
E) condyloid joints.

Question 27

Which of the following movements is a good example of hyperextension?

A) opening the mouth
B) turning the hand palm upward
C) extreme bending of the head backwards
D) moving the hand toward the shoulder
E) spreading the fingers

Question 28

The joint between the trapezium and metacarpal bone of the thumb is an example of a(n) ________ joint.

A) saddle
B) gliding
C) ellipsoid
D) hinge
E) pivot

Question 29

Which of the following movements is a good example of flexion?

A) opening the mouth
B) turning the hand palm upward
C) extreme bending of the head backwards
D) moving the hand toward the shoulder
E) spreading the fingers

Question 30

Nodding your head "yes" is an example of

A) lateral and medial rotation.
B) circumduction.
C) flexion and extension.
D) pronation and supination.
E) protraction and retraction.

Question 31

Which of the following movements is a good example of abduction?

A) opening the mouth
B) turning the hand palm upward
C) extreme bending of the head backwards
D) moving the hand toward the shoulder
E) spreading the fingers

Question 32

The elbow joint is an example of a(n) ________ joint.

A) saddle
B) gliding
C) ellipsoid
D) hinge
E) pivot

Question 33

All of the following are structural classifications of synovial joints, except

A) hinge.
B) gliding.
C) rolling.
D) saddle.
E) pivot.

Question 34

Lifting a stone with the tip of the foot is

A) circumduction.
B) eversion.
C) inversion.
D) plantar flexion.
E) dorsiflexion.

Question 35

The ankle joint is an example of a(n) ________ joint.

A) ellipsoid
B) saddle
C) hinge
D) ball-and-socket
E) gliding

Question 36

Which type of joint is found between the carpal bones?

A) saddle
B) gliding
C) hinge
D) ball-and-socket
E) pivot

Question 37

An extension past the anatomical position is known as

A) double jointed.
B) extension.
C) flexion.
D) rotation.
E) hyperextension.

Question 38

The radiocarpal joint is a(n) ________ joint.

A) saddle
B) immovable
C) hinge
D) gliding
E) ellipsoid

Question 39

A movement away from the midline of the body is termed

A) inversion.
B) abduction.
C) adduction.
D) flexion.
E) extension.

Question 40

What type of tissue occurs at the structure labeled "3"?

A) fibrocartilage
B) synovial membrane
C) hyaline cartilage
D) bone tissue
E) dense connective tissue

Question 41

Which of the following ligaments assist in stabilization of the shoulder joint?

A) coracoacromial
B) subscapularis
C) coracoclavicular
D) all of the above
E) both coracoacromial and coracoclavicular

Question 42

Which of the following consists of three separate articulations?

A) knee
B) hip
C) elbow
D) shoulder
E) wrist

Question 43

Which of the following ligaments is not associated with the hip joint?

A) iliofemoral ligament
B) pubofemoral ligament
C) ischiofemoral ligament
D) ligamentum teres
E) anterior cruciate ligament

Question 44

A twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole of the foot outward is known as

A) inversion.
B) plantar flexion.
C) eversion.
D) dorsiflexion.
E) none of the above

Question 45

Which of the following movements would you associate with chewing food?

A) elevation
B) abduction
C) flexion
D) pronation
E) circumduction

Question 46

Which ligament connects the clavicle and the acromion?

A) coracohumeral
B) coracoacromial
C) coracoclavicular
D) glenohumeral
E) acromioclavicular

Question 47

All of the following statements are True , except one. Identify the exception.

A) Five major ligaments help stabilize the shoulder joint.
B) The shapes of the articulating surfaces within the joint help prevent movement in a particular direction and strengthen and stabilize the joint.
C) The tighter two bones are held together within a joint, the stronger the joint.
D) The more movement a joint allows, the stronger the joint.
E) The tension produced by muscle tendons surrounding a joint help stabilize the joint.

Question 48

A common injury to the ankle occurs by excessive turning of the sole inward, termed

A) eversion.
B) protraction.
C) dorsiflexion.
D) plantar flexion.
E) inversion.

Question 49

A herniated intervertebral disc is caused by

A) loss of annulus fibrosis elasticity.
B) slippage of the fibrocartilage disc.
C) ossification of the vertebral disc.
D) protrusion of the nucleus pulposus.
E) transformation of fibrocartilage to hyaline cartilage.

Question 50

The ligament that provides support to the front of the knee joint is the ________ ligament.

A) anterior cruciate
B) posterior cruciate
C) patellar
D) popliteal
E) tibial collateral

Question 51

Factors that increase the stability of the hip joint include

A) strong muscular padding.
B) tough capsule.
C) almost complete bony socket.
D) supporting ligaments.
E) all of the above

Question 52

Which foot movement enables the ballerina to stand on her toes?

A) dorsiflexion
B) plantar flexion
C) inversion
D) rotation
E) eversion

Question 53

All of the following movements occur at the intervertebral joints, except

A) flexion.
B) rotation.
C) dorsiflexion.
D) lateral flexion.
E) extension.

Question 54

Which of the following movements is a good example of supination?

A) opening the mouth
B) turning the hand palm upward
C) extreme bending of the head backwards
D) moving the hand toward the shoulder
E) spreading the fingers

Question 55

Which of the following athletes are at greatest risk of developing a shoulder injury?

A) tennis players
B) white-water kayakers
C) runners
D) baseball pitchers
E) both white-water kayakers and baseball pitchers

Question 56

The joints between vertebrae are examples of ________ joints.

A) saddle
B) pivot
C) ellipsoid
D) hinge
E) gliding

Question 57

Which of the following movements is a good example of depression?

A) opening the mouth
B) turning the hand palm upward
C) extreme bending of the head backwards
D) moving the hand toward the shoulder
E) spreading the fingers

Question 58

The elbow joint is extremely stable because

A) the ulna and humerus interlock.
B) the articular capsule is thin.
C) the capsule lacks ligaments.
D) several muscles support the joint capsule.
E) the joint lacks bursae.

Question 59

The movements known as dorsiflexion and plantar flexion involve moving the

A) hand.
B) arm.
C) foot.
D) leg.
E) hip.

Question 60

To pinch with a thumb and finger involves a movement called

A) rotation.
B) opposition.
C) circumduction.
D) eversion.
E) retraction.

Question 61

________ describes a complex angular movement in a circle.

Question 62

The ligaments that limit the anterior-posterior movement of the femur and maintain the alignment of the femoral and tibial condyles are the ________ ligaments.

A) cruciate
B) fibular collateral
C) patellar
D) popliteal
E) tibial collateral

Question 63

The glenoid fossa is rimmed by the fibrocartilaginous ________.

Question 64

The movement of a body part downward is called ________.

Question 65

The movement of rotating a limb outward is called ________.

Question 66

________ subdivide synovial cavities, channel the flow of synovial fluid, and allow for variations in the shapes of the articular surfaces.

Question 67

The movement of a body part upward is called ________.

Question 68

Muscles that extend the elbow attach to the

A) coronoid process.
B) radial tuberosity.
C) olecranon process.
D) medial epicondyle.
E) lateral epicondyle.

Question 69

The location where two bones meet is called a joint or a(n) ________.

Question 70

Usually found outside the capsule, ________ protect the articular cartilages and act as packing material for the joint.

Question 71

The largest and strongest articulation at the elbow is the

A) humero-ulnar joint.
B) ulnar joint.
C) ulnoradial joint.
D) radial joint.
E) humeroradial joint.

Question 72

Structurally, the public symphysis is classified as a(n) ________ articulation.

Question 73

Small pockets of synovial fluid that reduce friction and act as a shock absorber where ligaments and tendons rub against other tissues are called ________.

Question 74

You ________ your jaw when you grasp your upper lip with your lower teeth.

Question 75

Contraction of the muscle that is attached to the radial tuberosity results in

A) flexion of the forearm.
B) extension of the forearm.
C) abduction of the forearm.
D) adduction of the forearm.
E) rotation of the shoulder.

Question 76

Which of the following occurs when the articular cartilage is damaged?

A) The matrix begins to break down.
B) The exposed surface changes to a rough felt work.
C) Friction in the joint increases.
D) Normal synovial joint function is unable to continue.
E) all of the above

Question 77

Extending a body part past the anatomical position is called ________.

Question 78

The medial surface of the knee joint is reinforced by the ________ ligament.

A) cruciate
B) fibular collateral
C) patellar
D) popliteal
E) tibial collateral

Question 79

The movement of rotating a limb toward the anterior surface of the body is called ________.

Question 80

The back of the knee joint is reinforced by ________ ligaments.

A) tibial collateral
B) anterior cruciate
C) posterior cruciate
D) patellar
E) popliteal