Deck 9: Immunity and the Lymphatic System

Question 1

Which event is characteristic of the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome?

A)Muscle breaks down protein
B)Posttraumatic stress disorder
C)Release of epinephrine
D)Wounds heal slower

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following is a function of the skin?

A)Moving blood and fluid through the regions of the body
B)Vitamin D production
C)Attachment surface for bones
D)Blood pressure regulation

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following is part of our innate immune system?

A)Complement
B)White blood cells
C)Antibodies
D)Macrophages

Answer 3

A

Question 4

During the resistance phase,what is the purpose of the communication between the two organs depicted here?

A)Stimulate the release of glucocorticoids to stimulate production of glucose
B)Conserve water
C)Conserve salt
D)Stimulate the adrenal gland to release epinephrine

Question 5

Which of the following cells is stimulated by UV radiation?

A)Adipose cell
B)Meissner cell
C)Keratinocyte
D)Melanocyte

Question 6

We acquire which kind of immunity throughout our lives?

A)Specific
B)Innate
C)Nonspecific
D)Passive

Question 7

The skin is also known as a:

A)pleural membrane.
B)serous membrane.
C)cutaneous membrane.
D)synovial membrane.

Question 8

What is the function of nociceptors?

A)Detect fine touch
B)Register pressure
C)Sense vibrations
D)Register pain

Question 9

What property of water is sweating taking advantage of?

A)Adhesion
B)Heat of vaporization
C)Universal solvent
D)Heat of condensation

Question 10

The outer layer of our skin is composed of which of the following tissue types?

A)Connective tissue
B)Smooth tissue
C)Stratified squamous epithelial tissue
D)Nervous tissue

Question 11

Which plasma proteins come together in a specific order to destroy invading bacteria?

A)Fever
B)Interferon
C)Inflammation
D)Complement

Question 12

Which is an accessory organ of the skin?

A)Keratin
B)Melanocyte
C)Pacinian corpuscle
D)Hair

Question 13

Which is the nonvascular portion of the skin?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D

Question 14

Why does the body shift blood to your skeletal muscles during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome?

A)To help digestion; too much blood inhibits normal digestive function
B)To flood the muscles with nutrients because they will need to be ready to exert
C)To relieve muscle soreness
D)To get ready for the next phase

Question 15

Which type of gland is associated with acne?

A)Sebaceous
B)Apocrine
C)Sweat
D)Eccrine

Question 16

Which is the most common form of skin cancer?

A)Melanoma
B)Basal cell carcinoma
C)Squamous cell carcinoma
D)Cuboidal cell carcinoma

Question 17

Which layer of the skin contains the most fat?

A)Epidermis
B)Hypodermis
C)Dermis
D)Hyperdermis

Question 18

Where does the "fight-or-flight" response belong in the stages of General Adaptation Syndrome?

A)Alarm
B)Resistance
C)Adaptation
D)Exhaustionv

Question 19

Which phase of the general adaptation syndrome is depicted here?

A)Exhaustion
B)Resistance
C)Alarm
D)Adaptation

Question 20

What is happening during the exhaustion phase of the general adaptation syndrome?

A)Increased energy levels
B)Heightened mental alertness
C)Organs are failing due to prolonged stress response and resulting damage
D)The person sleeps to recover from the stress

Question 21

What is the purpose of the cells labeled B?

A)Produce more T cells
B)Produce more macrophages
C)Secrete a chemical to activate macrophages
D)To serve as a memory of the infection for the future

Question 22

What is the function of lymphatic structure B?

A)Increase metabolism through release of hormones
B)Store fat
C)Protect the heart
D)Produce mature T cells

Question 23

How are lymphatic capillaries different from blood vessels?

A)They contain valves.
B)They are tubes that allow diffusion.
C)They bring fluid back to the heart.
D)They are part of an open system.

Question 24

Which chemical barrier addresses a viral infection?

A)Interferon
B)Sebum
C)Sweat
D)Acidic fluids

Question 25

Identify the tissue that produces white blood cells.

A)lymph vessels
B)lymph node
C)bone marrow
D)thymus

Question 26

What kind of cells are indicated at label A?

A)Memory cells
B)Helper T cells
C)Cytotoxic T cells
D)Plasma cells

Question 27

What is the name of the lymphatic structure that filters the lymph but is not entirely encapsulated?

A)tonsils
B)thymus
C)salivary glands
D)pancreas

Question 28

Returning lymph is deposited into which structure as it re-joins cardiovascular circulation?

A) Heart
B) Lymph node
C) Spleen
D) Major veins of the chest

Question 29

Mononucleosis can be life threatening due to:

A)swollen lymph nodes.
B)infection of the thymus gland.
C)toxic chemicals deposited in the saliva.
D)a swollen and potentially ruptured spleen.

Question 30

What is the purpose of D?

A)Produce oil on the hair it is attached to
B)Produce sweat
C)Produce the color of the hair it is attached to
D)To raise its associated hair

Question 31

What is the purpose of the cell labeled A?

A)The cell is going to phagocytize the helper T cell.
B)The cell is presenting an antigen that will activate the helper T cell.
C)The cell is sending the antigen to the helper T cell to present to a cytotoxic T cell.
D)The cell has inactivated the helper T cell.

Question 32

Which of the following is most chemically similar to lymph?

A)Saliva
B)Blood plasma
C)Whole blood
D)Fat

Question 33

Interferon is an example of what kind of hormone?

A)Autocrine
B)Eccrine
C)Local
D)Endocrine

Question 34

What is a macrophage?

A)A chemical that causes a fever.
B)A large cell that stops inflammation.
C)A large cell that can ingest and destroy dying cells or cellular debris.
D)A large cell in skin that produces keratin and melanin.

Question 35

What is the purpose of E?

A)Produces oil for the skin
B)Produces watery sweat
C)Produces a future hair
D)Sensory receptor for fine touch

Question 36

Which of the following is a function of the lymphatic system?

A)Movement of skeleton
B)Production of vitamin D
C)Absorbing fats from intestine
D)Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 37

What is one way in which fever can defend the body?

A)The spleen sequesters iron slowing bacterial reproduction.
B)Metabolic rate slows at higher temperatures.
C)Pyrogens block viral receptors.
D)The thyroid increases production of immune cells.

Question 38

What happens when the complement system gets activated?

A)Inflammation begins
B)You sense pain
C)Specific plasma proteins assemble
D)Macrophages assemble

Question 39

What is the name of the lymphatic structure A?

A)thymus
B)lymph node
C)spleen
D)tonsil

Question 40

Why should you "feed a fever"?

A)Eating provides the energy and nutrients for the immune cells.
B)Eating provides the nutrients used to create the inflammation.
C)Eating shuts down the fever through a negative feedback mechanism.
D)Eating provides energy and nutrients for the invading pathogens.

Question 41

Gammaglobulin shots given to travellers visiting foreign countries,where new diseases may be encountered,is a type of:

A)natural active immunity.
B)artificial active immunity.
C)natural passive immunity.
D)artificial passive immunity.

Question 42

One of the homeostatic functions of skin is to regulate temperature.

Question 43

The epidermis is the bloodless part of skin and yet is not dead.

Question 44

Fever increases the activity of the cells of the immune system to aid in a quicker recovery.

Question 45

Adrenaline rushes are typical of the resistance phase of the general adaptation syndrome.

Question 46

Breast feeding is an example of:

A)natural active immunity.
B)artificial active immunity.
C)natural passive immunity.
D)artificial passive immunity.

Question 47

What will the helper T cell do after what is pictured here?

A)It will remain inactive because this step is only the first of two that are necessary for activation.
B)It will clone itself and the clones will makes chemicals to get more immune cells involved.
C)It will phagocytize the cell that has the antigen.
D)It will form antibodies.

Question 48

Vaccines against which pathogen can protect against cancer?

A)Polio
B)HPV
C)Hepatitis A
D)Diptheria

Question 49

Which is the most common type of antibody?

A)IgA
B)IgD
C)IgE
D)IgG

Question 50

Nails are composed of flattened sheets of melanocytes.

Question 51

What is the function of the endocrine gland shown here?

A)Maturation of B cells
B)Maturation of T cells
C)Production of pyrogens
D)Production of macrophages

Question 52

Viruses secrete interferon to interfere with the complement system.

Question 53

Post-traumatic stress disorder looks like the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome.

Question 54

What type of immunity will be involved next?

A)Humoral immunity
B)Cell-mediated immunity
C)Lymphatic immunity
D)Both Humoral and Cell-mediated immunity

Question 55

What is happening during the lag period indicated on this graph?

A)The lymphatic system is recovering from an infection.
B)There is no infection yet.
C)It takes time to detect the pathogen, stimulate the proper cells, and make antibodies.
D)An autoimmune response is being generated.

Question 56

What is the function of cytotoxic T cells?

A)Kill cancer cells
B)Produce antibodies against your own cells
C)Kill virally-infected cells
D)Present antigens to helper T cells

Question 57

Which of the following is an example of natural active immunity?

A)Being given an attenuated form of a virus
B)Breast feeding
C)Acquiring the flu from work or school
D)Flu vaccine

Question 58

Which antibody is responsible for immediate allergic reactions?

A)IgE
B)IgD
C)IgM
D)IgG