Deck 17: The Endocrine System and Development

Question 1

Type I diabetes:

A)used to be called adult-onset diabetes.
B)results from cells ceasing to respond to insulin.
C)is commonly seen in the obese.
D)is caused by an autoimmune attack of the islet cells.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which hormone is produced in the region labeled B?

A)Epinephrine
B)Insulin
C)Glucagon
D)T3

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which hormone is produced in the region labeled A?

A)ADH
B)ACTH
C)Cortisol
D)Adrenaline

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which hormone stimulates milk production in females?

A)hGH
B)TSH
C)Prolactin
D)ACTH

Question 5

The condition that results from hypersecretion of human growth hormone after the epiphyseal plates have closed is called:

A)Diabetes.
B)Acromegaly.
C)Dwarfism.
D)Addison's disease.

Question 6

Which statement below would accurately describe step 1?

A)The hormone diffuses into the cell.
B)The receptor/hormone complex alters gene expression.
C)Messenger RNA directs formation of new protein.
D)New protein alters cell activity.

Question 7

The type of hormone depicted here is a/an:

A)exocrine hormone.
B)protein hormone.
C)steroid hormone.
D)water-soluble hormone.

Question 8

Which organ system is most similar to the endocrine system in terms of coordinating the functions of the organism?

A)Cardiovascular
B)Nervous
C)Integumentary
D)Respiratory

Question 9

Which hormone would be produced by structure B?

A)Glucagon
B)ADH
C)hGH
D)T4

Question 10

Hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex leads to:

A)Type II Diabetes.
B)Cushing's disease.
C)Acromegaly.
D)Addison's disease.

Question 11

Which molecule often serves as a second messenger in the action of water-soluble hormones?

A)ATP
B)DNA
C)cAMP
D)mRNA

Question 12

Glucagon:

A)stimulates the release of hGH from the pituitary gland.
B)decreases the basal metabolic rate.
C)regulates the movement of chyme from the stomach to the small intestine.
D)accelerates the conversion of glycogen to glucose.

Question 13

Insulin is secreted by:

A)alpha cells.
B)beta cells.
C)delta cells.
D)target cells.

Question 14

Hyposecretion of human growth hormone during development leads to:

A)Cushing's disease.
B)Dwarfism.
C)Gigantism.
D)increased basal metabolic rate.

Question 15

Which statement regarding this organ is true?

A)It is both endocrine and exocrine.
B)It is involved in maturation of certain immune cells.
C)It is responsible for the fight-or-flight response.
D)This organ's endocrine function becomes limited after puberty.

Question 16

What is the name of this gland?

A)Thyroid gland
B)Thymus gland
C)Adrenal gland
D)Pancreas

Question 17

What causes the condition of goiter?

A)Hyposecretion of cortisol
B)Hypersecretion of insulin
C)Hypersecretion of TSH
D)Hyposecretion of ACTH

Question 18

How do hormones produced by the endocrine system get to the target cell?

A)Osmosis
B)Facilitated diffusion
C)Impulses
D)Circulatory system

Question 19

Hormone A is released under which conditions?

A)At homeostatic blood glucose levels
B)High blood glucose levels
C)When glucose levels rises above homeostatic values
D)Low blood glucose levels

Question 20

Which hormone would be produced by structure A?

A)Oxytocin
B)Insulin
C)ACTH
D)Calcitriol

Question 21

What is a change characteristic of childhood (2-12 yrs)?

A)Lots of time spent sleeping
B)Teeth erupt
C)Lengthening of bones
D)Maturation of reproductive organs

Question 22

Which is characteristic of human babies?

A)Organ system failure
B)Rapid development of skeleton
C)Ability to reproduce
D)Dependency

Question 23

Which endocrine gland can control the pituitary gland?

A)Pancreas
B)Adrenal gland
C)Thyroid
D)Hypothalamus

Question 24

During which phase of life does the brain develop most?

A)Newborn
B)Infancy
C)Childhood
D)Puberty

Question 25

Androgens produced by the testes are examples of steroid hormones.

Question 26

Parathyroid hormone works with _____________ in maintaining blood calcium homeostasis.

A)vitamin B
B)calcitonin
C)T4
D)aldosterone

Question 27

The posterior pituitary gland is composed of neuroendocrine cells.

Question 28

Gastrin is a hormone that stimulates stomach secretions.

Question 29

The pituitary gland secretes hormones that control other endocrine glands.

Question 30

The target cells for ADH are found in the heart and lungs.

Question 31

President John F.Kennedy suffered from Cushing's disease.

Question 32

Cortisol is applied to rashes because of its anti-inflammatory properties.

Question 33

Insulin stimulates the liver to convert its glycogen reserves to glucose.

Question 34

Elevated PTH:

A)leads to muscle spasms.
B)can causes soft bones.
C)leads to low levels of blood calcium.
D)can lead to Cushing's disease.

Question 35

Infancy is a time during which coordination improves rapidly.

Question 36

Most hormones are regulated by the homeostatic mechanism known as negative feedback.

Question 37

The pineal gland:

A)has an anterior portion that secretes 7 hormones.
B)secretes hormones that regulate glucose metabolism.
C)is located on top of the kidneys.
D)seems to be involved in sleep patterns.

Question 38

Phthalates and BPA have what effect on humans?

A)Cause premature aging
B)Act to accumulate cell damage
C)Facilitate failure of organ systems
D)Act as endocrine disruptors impacting development

Question 39

What causes the development of secondary sex characteristics in males and females?

A)hGH
B)Prolactin
C)FSH and LH
D)Oxytocin

Question 40

The thymus:

A)is located near the larynx.
B)regulates basal metabolic rate.
C)secretes two hormones called thymosin and thymopoietin.
D)All of these are correct.

Question 41

Organ systems are very independent of each other,so if the parathyroid gland failed to function properly,the body would simply adjust with no major complications.