Deck 15: Cognitive Psychotherapy and Mindfulness-Based Therapies

Question 1

Cognitive therapists

A)use the terms thoughts,beliefs,and assumptions to refer to cognitions.
B)believe that psychopathology results directly from the things that happen to us.
C)acknowledge the usefulness of the psychoanalytic technique of word association.
D)attempt to "read" patients' thoughts by observing nonverbal behaviors.

Answer 1

use the terms thoughts,beliefs,and assumptions to refer to cognitions.

Question 2

According to Ellis' ABCDE model,"C" represents _____.

A)cognition
B)emotional consequence
C)choice behavior
D)applied conditioning

Answer 2

emotional consequence

Question 3

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)is the therapy approach created by _____.

A)Albert Ellis
B)Aaron Beck
C)Donald Meichenbaum
D)B)F.Skinner

Answer 3

Albert Ellis

Question 4

_____ would likely have his patients compete an ABCDE chart,whereas _____ would likely have his patients complete a dysfunctional thought record.

A)George Harris,Martin Seligman
B)Albert Ellis,Aaron Beck
C)Martin Seligman,George Harris
D)Aaron Beck,Albert Ellis

Question 5

Compared to psychodynamic psychotherapy,cognitive psychotherapy tends to

A)require a greater number of sessions.
B)emphasize the past rather than the present.
C)derive its roots from ancient dream analysis techniques.
D)focus on the client's current problems.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the three-step process typically used by cognitive psychotherapists to revise a client's cognitions?

A)identify illogical thoughts;teach relaxation skills;countercondition illogical thoughts
B)identify illogical thoughts;challenge illogical thoughts;replace illogical thoughts with more logical thoughts
C)make unconscious illogical thoughts conscious;interpret illogical thoughts;work through illogical thoughts
D)identify illogical thoughts;reflect emotional content of illogical thoughts;empathize with difficulties caused by illogical thoughts

Question 7

Cognitive therapy

A)tends to be brief and unstructured.
B)has become a less prominent approach to psychotherapy in the 21ˢᵗ century.
C)represents a reaction against behavioral and psychodynamic approaches.
D)was established by Albert Bandura.

Question 8

The primary goal of cognitive psychotherapy is

A)observable behavior change via contingency management.
B)to make the unconscious conscious.
C)logical thinking.
D)self-actualization.

Question 9

According to Ellis' ABCDE model,"D" represents

A)a discussion of the feelings resulting from the client's irrational thoughts.
B)the drive with which the irrational thought is associated.
C)the domain of the client's life negatively influenced by the irrational thought.
D)a dispute of the client's irrational thoughts.

Question 10

Aaron Beck has argued that the cognitive triad,which includes thoughts about _____,is a powerful determinant of mental health and depression levels.

A)family,friends,and acquaintances
B)the self,the external world,and the future
C)religion,wealth,and politics
D)an individual,a group,and a nation

Question 11

_____ are considered leaders in the cognitive therapy movement.

A)Aaron Beck and Albert Ellis
B)Sigmund Freud and Karen Horney
C)Carl Jung and Fritz Perls
D)John Watson and Edward Thorndike

Question 12

Elise's psychologist asks her to keep a record of beliefs that she has about events that happen her,as well as how those beliefs make her feel emotionally.With the assistance of her psychologist,Elise learns how she can dispute such beliefs and replace them with more effective new beliefs.Elise's psychologist is likely treating her with _____.

A)exposure and response prevention
B)cognitive reshaping
C)rational emotive behavior therapy
D)cognitive triad therapy

Question 13

According to the cognitive approach to psychotherapy,psychological problems arise from

A)fixations at particular developmental stages in childhood.
B)classical or operant conditioning.
C)illogical thoughts or interpretations of events in our lives.
D)incongruence between the real self and the ideal self.

Question 14

Who among the following is not recognized as a leading proponent of cognitive therapy?

A)William Miller
B)Aaron Beck
C)Albert Ellis
D)Judith Beck

Question 15

_____ is to Aaron Beck as _____ is to Albert Ellis.

A)Rational emotive behavior therapy,cognitive therapy
B)Cognitive therapy,rational emotive behavior therapy
C)Systematic desensitization,assertiveness training
D)Assertiveness training,systematic desensitization

Question 16

Since the 1980s,the popularity of cognitive psychotherapy among clinical psychologists has _____.

A)increased
B)remained constant
C)decreased slightly
D)decreased greatly

Question 17

The idea that the way we think about events determines the way we respond to them is a cornerstone of _____ therapy.

A)cognitive
B)behavioral
C)humanistic
D)psychodynamic

Question 18

Which of the following forms of therapy most strongly emphasizes the use of teaching as a therapy tool?

A)behavioral
B)psychodynamic
C)humanistic
D)cognitive

Question 19

Homework assigned as a part of cognitive therapy

A)often involves attending peer-led workshops.
B)may be written or behavioral.
C)is rarely discussed during subsequent sessions.
D)is best conceptualized as a behavioral activation technique.

Question 20

Which of the following is TRUE regarding cognitive psychotherapy?

A)Cognitive psychotherapy is typically more structured and less spontaneous than humanistic psychotherapy.
B)Compared to behavioral psychotherapy,cognitive psychotherapy deemphasizes internal,mental processes.
C)Relative to psychodynamic therapy,cognitive therapy's typical treatment length is 10-15 sessions longer.
D)Cognitive therapy is typically more costly than psychoanalytic treatment.

Question 21

_____ is a cognitive technique that focuses on accepting internal psychological experiences,including emotions,thoughts,and sensations.

A)Rational emotive behavior therapy
B)Dialectical behavior therapy
C)Acceptance and commitment therapy
D)Metacognitive therapy

Question 22

_____ can be defined as full engagement with one's own internal mental processes in a nonconfrontational way,which often involves a reduction in _____.

A)Schema therapy,acceptance
B)Metacognitive therapy,cognitive restructuring
C)Insight,transference
D)Mindfulness,experiential avoidance

Question 23

Cognitive psychotherapy

A)has not yet been found efficacious in the treatment of any specific psychological disorders.
B)emphasizes objective measures of psychotherapy outcome to a greater extent than psychodynamic psychotherapy.
C)is less effective than many humanistic approaches.
D)is not a recommended approach for the treatment of personality disorders.

Question 24

Which of the following statements about empirical studies of cognitive therapy is NOT true?

A)Studies demonstrate support for DBT's use with borderline personality disorder patients.
B)Studies have found that homework enhances therapy outcome.
C)Studies include support for the treatment of anxiety and mood disorders with ACT.
D)Studies suggest mindfulness may not be as beneficial as originally suggested by its proponents.

Question 25

Who created dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)?

Question 26

The use of cognitive psychotherapy for medical problems

A)has not yet occurred.
B)was a primary focus of the early work of Aaron Beck and Albert Ellis,but has declined in recent decades.
C)has been empirically demonstrated to be more beneficial than prescription medications for ulcers,diabetes,and influenza.
D)has increased significantly in recent decades.

Question 27

_____ is a cognitive technique that believes when young children are exposed to poor parenting,they are likely to develop deep-seated,maladaptive cognitions about themselves and their relationships to others.

A)Rational emotive therapy
B)Metacognitive psychotherapy
C)Acceptance and commitment therapy
D)Schema therapy

Question 28

What are the five components of the ABCDE model?

Question 29

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)is most closely associated with _____.

A)Marsha Linehan
B)Judith Beck
C)Steven Hayes
D)Aaron Beck

Question 30

_____ refers to being able to pay attention in the present moment to whatever arises internally or externally,without becoming entangled or wishing things were otherwise.

A)Personalization
B)All-or-nothing thinking
C)Mindfulness
D)Commitment thinking

Question 31

Whose name is most prominently associated with the form of cognitive therapy that uses Dysfunctional Thought Records?

Question 32

The cognitive thought distortion defined as assuming excessive personal responsibility for negative events is _____.

A)all-or-nothing thinking
B)catastrophizing
C)personalization
D)overgeneralization

Question 33

The cognitive thought distortion defined as expecting the worst in the future when it is actually unlikely to occur is _____.

A)all-or-nothing thinking
B)catastrophizing
C)personalization
D)overgeneralization

Question 34

Dialectical behavior therapy,developed by Marsha Linehan,has been found effective in the treatment of _____.

A)obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
B)borderline personality disorder
C)individuals with work-related problems that do not qualify as mental disorders
D)obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 35

_____,defined as the ability to be able to pay attention in the present moment to whatever arises internally or externally,is at the core of third wave therapies.

Question 36

Who created rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT)?

Question 37

_____ is a thought distortion in which the patient irrationally evaluates everything as either wonderful or terrible,with no middle ground.

Question 38

The term third-wave therapies is most often applied to _____.

A)therapies based on mindfulness and acceptance
B)brief psychodynamic therapies
C)therapies based on classical conditioning
D)play therapies

Question 39

Third-wave therapies

A)have mindfulness as a core component of their treatment approach.
B)include acceptance and remission therapy and metabehavioral therapy.
C)have little empirical support.
D)promote the religion of Buddhism.

Question 40

Natalie,a psychotherapy client,is depressed about a recent breakup with her boyfriend.She believes that the breakup is entirely her fault,and that if she had done things differently,she would not be alone now.This belief best exemplifies the cognitive thought distortion known as _____.

A)all-or-nothing thinking
B)catastrophizing
C)personalization
D)mental filtering

Question 41

Briefly describe the two historical developments that contributed to the development of cognitive psychotherapy in the 1950s and 1960s.

Question 42

Name two of Beck's thought distortions.

Question 43

Describe the five components of Ellis' ABCDE model.

Question 44

Define the common thought distortion known as mind reading and offer a fictional example that a client might bring to a clinical psychologist.

Question 45

Briefly describe and explain schema therapy.

Question 46

Define the common thought distortion known as overgeneralization and offer a fictional example that a client might bring to a clinical psychologist.

Question 47

What are the three parts of Beck's cognitive triad? How are the parts of the triad related to mental health?

Question 48

_____ is based on the premise that people can become depressed,anxious,or otherwise psychologically unwell because of reactions to their own thoughts rather than their reactions to the things that happen to them.