Deck 12: Introduction: What Is a Soundscape

Question 1

Most twentieth-century ethnomusicologists studied:

A)Western popular music.
B)Western classical music.
C)music in their own countries.
D)music available in written notation.
E)music transmitted by oral tradition.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

The partials that a khoomii singer projects above the fundamental tone are also known as:

A)flute tones.
B)flutter tones.
C)high tones.
D)overtones.
E)ascending tones.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The tone that we perceive as the frequency or basic pitch of an instrument's sound is called the:

A)root.
B)bass.
C)anchor tone.
D)primary tone.
E)fundamental tone.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Which of the following statements about musical ethnography is NOT true?

A)It is a precursor of comparative musicology.
B)It is the process of identifying a musical scene.
C)It involves studying the soundscape of a musical scene.
D)It is a written description and interpretation of a music culture.
E)It is the process of doing participant-observation to study a musical scene.

Question 5

The tones that ascend in a series above the fundamental tone are called:

A)triads.
B)chords.
C)harmonics.
D)wolf tones.
E)whistle tones.

Question 6

A khoomii singer produces two tones at the same time by manipulating the mouth cavity and:

A)changing the position of the tongue.
B)singing into a curved metal plate.
C)cupping the hand in front of the mouth.
D)inserting a small tube into the mouth.
E)directing air between a gap in the teeth.

Question 7

What three main things does a soundscape include?

A)Sounds,symbols,and histories of music
B)Sounds,settings,and significances of music
C)Sounds,sales trends,and consumers of music
D)Creators,performers,and consumers of music
E)Critics,composers,and consumers of music

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a common way that musicians adapt a performance to a new setting?

A)Lengthening a traditional musical form
B)Changing the construction of an instrument
C)Alternating several styles of music in one concert
D)Combining musical styles in an innovative way
E)Including oral and written explanations of the music tradition

Question 9

If you studied country music in the settings in which it is created,taught,and performed,you would be doing:

A)fieldwork.
B)musicology.
C)anthropology.
D)comparative musicology.
E)applied ethnomusicology.

Question 10

The setting of a soundscape includes the:

A)sound and significance of the music.
B)notated music and any added embellishments.
C)lyrics sung and the instrumental accompaniment.
D)relationship of the lyrics to the vocal melody and rhythm.
E)place of the performance and the behavior of the listeners who are present.

Question 11

The purpose of applied ethnomusicology is to:

A)help universities generate profit.
B)enhance the welfare of a community.
C)extend research into the private sector.
D)prepare a researcher for initial fieldwork.
E)increase public interest in traditional ethnography.

Question 12

Soundscapes are:

A)usually static.
B)often changing.
C)understandable after a brief encounter with them.
D)best identified by reading historical books about music.
E)best identified by reading the written notation of music.

Question 13

We perceive a high tone and a low tone played on the violin to differ in pitch because of a difference in the:

A)weight of the violin's strings.
B)pressure applied to the violin's string.
C)number of vibrations of the string per second.
D)material from which the violin's strings are made.
E)speed at which the violin bow is moved across the string.

Question 14

A soundmark identifies a particular:

A)person.
B)place.
C)time.
D)person and place.
E)place and time.

Question 15

Ethnomusicology is a field that combines the study of music with the concerns and methods of:

A)sociology.
B)psychology.
C)philosophy.
D)anthropology.
E)archaeology.

Question 16

The American musician David Hykes brought khoomii into a new soundscape by doing all of the following things EXCEPT:

A)performing khoomii in new settings,such as churches.
B)combining khoomii with other vocal sounds,such as Tibetan chant.
C)combining khoomii with other instruments,such as a Persian goblet drum.
D)reproducing khoomii song performances from early twentieth-century recordings.
E)using khoomii to convey New Age concepts of universalism.

Question 17

Tuvan throat singing that produces two tones at the same time is called:

A)igil.
B)erhu.
C)khoomii.
D)carillon.
E)didjeridu.

Question 18

Different instruments have different tone qualities because of the presence and relative strength of:

A)keys.
B)frets.
C)valves.
D)particular partials.
E)fundamental tones.

Question 19

Ethnomusicologists write fieldnotes in order to:

A)transcribe live musical performances into musical notation.
B)preserve detailed research observations about music.
C)educate concert audiences about unfamiliar musical styles.
D)collaborate in real time with other music researchers.
E)update historical collections of recordings held in libraries.

Question 20

Tuvan singers have used khoomii for all of the following purposes EXCEPT:

A)to reinforce their link to the Tuvan environment.
B)to imitate the sound of blowing wind.
C)to express political protest through music.
D)to mimic the sound of moving water.
E)to reflect the physical appearance of the Tuvan landscape.

Question 21

A soundmark of a particular place,like a New York street corner,remains similar over time.

Question 22

David Hykes developed harmonic chant because he wanted to provide a connection between sound,healing,and contemplation.

Question 23

Khoomii singers depict sounds of nature in order to reinforce their connection to the physical environment of Tuva.

Question 24

MATCHING
Match each item to the correct description below.
a.didjeridu
d.baton console
b.erhu
e.timbre
c.sygyt
A style of Tuvan throat singing with whistle-like harmonics

Question 25

The setting of a soundscape includes both the place where music is performed and the behavior of the listeners who are present.

Question 26

Ethnomusicologists often conduct fieldwork to study historical music traditions that are no longer performed.

Question 27

Music can mean different things to different people because their backgrounds may differ.

Question 28

MATCHING
Match each item to the correct description below.
a.didjeridu
d.baton console
b.erhu
e.timbre
c.sygyt
An Australian aboriginal instrument made from a hollowed-out tree limb

Question 29

If you began an ethnomusicological study of music on your campus,shortly after each visit or observation session you would write ________ that would record your detailed observations.

Question 30

The distinctive sounds,settings,and significances of music make up a ________.

Question 31

If you learned khoomii singing,you would learn how to project the harmonics,overtones,or ________ that ascend in a series above the fundamental tone.

Question 32

The galloping rhythm of the Tuvan throat singing called ezengileer is suitable for singing babies to sleep.

Question 33

David Hykes retained the soundscape of Tuvan throat singing when he incorporated the khoomii technique into his performances with the Harmonic Choir.

Question 34

Ethnomusicology is a field that combines the study of music with the concerns and methods of ________.

Question 35

If the partials of a clarinet and of a string instrument were filtered out,the two instruments would sound different from each other.

Question 36

The field of ________ explores the factors that shape the production and conveying of sound.

Question 37

MATCHING
Match each item to the correct description below.
a.didjeridu
d.baton console
b.erhu
e.timbre
c.sygyt
The special tone quality of an instrument or voice

Question 38

Ethnomusicologists often participate actively in the tradition they study,because making music is an important way of sharing an insider's experience.

Question 39

MATCHING
Match each item to the correct description below.
a.didjeridu
d.baton console
b.erhu
e.timbre
c.sygyt
A Chinese bowed string instrument

Question 40

MATCHING
Match each item to the correct description below.
a.didjeridu
d.baton console
b.erhu
e.timbre
c.sygyt
A keyboard used to operate a carillon

Question 41

Match each item to the correct description below.
a.harmonics
d.carillon
b.khoomii
e.register
c.igil
A small Tuvan fiddle decorated with a carved horse's head

Question 42

Match each item to the correct description below.
a.harmonics
d.carillon
b.khoomii
e.register
c.igil
A part of the range of a voice or instrument

Question 43

Match each item to the correct description below.
a.harmonics
d.carillon
b.khoomii
e.register
c.igil
A series of tones above the fundamental tone

Question 44

What does a soundscape have in common with a seascape?

Question 45

Match each item to the correct description below.
a.harmonics
d.carillon
b.khoomii
e.register
c.igil
Tuvan throat singing that produces two sounds simultaneously

Question 46

Explain how the sound and significance of music can change when the music's setting changes.

Question 47

How have the sound,setting,and significance of khoomii changed in the past few decades?

Question 48

Match each item to the correct description below.
a.harmonics
d.carillon
b.khoomii
e.register
c.igil
A set of bells operated from a keyboard