Deck 4: Music and Migration

Question 1

The second section of A Thousand Miles from Home is organized on a cycle of eight phach,or:

A)beats.
B)pitches.
C)chords.
D)syllables.
E)vocables.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following statements about the mawwal Standing on the Shore is true?

A)It incorporates vocables into many lines of the text.
B)It includes glissandi in the cadences ending each section.
C)It comments on the pain of migration by using formal language.
D)It narrates in detail the various stages of one man's migration experience.
E)It uses the image of waves to symbolize communication with the ancestral homeland.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

If you sang a line of an African American spiritual alone and the rest of your class answered you as a chorus,you would be performing in which of the following styles?

A)Biphonic
B)Polyrhythmic
C)Call-and-response
D)Heterophonic
E)Fugal

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Singing many notes per syllable of text is what type of text setting?

A)Polyphonic
B)Polyrhythmic
C)Melismatic
D)Neumatic
E)Syllabic

Question 5

The principal plucked chordophone in the Arab world is the:

A)tanpura.
B)violin.
C)sitar.
D)'ud.
E)ho.

Question 6

Forced migration may occur because of all the following factors EXCEPT:

A)famine.
B)conquest.
C)slavery.
D)war.
E)economic opportunity.

Question 7

Which of the following songs best exemplifies music's ability to recount in detail a modern immigration process?

A)Who Is Walking on the Endless Road
B)Standing on the Shore
C)A Thousand Miles from Home
D)Uncle Ng Comes to the Gold Mountain
E)Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen

Question 8

The migration of many people to North and South America in search of new religious and economic opportunities is best described as:

A)chain migration.
B)voluntary migration.
C)forced migration.
D)temporary sojourn.
E)None of the above

Question 9

The song Happy Birthday is an example of what type of text setting?

A)Polyphonic
B)Polyrhythmic
C)Melismatic
D)Neumatic
E)Syllabic

Question 10

Many features of the song Come to Hue,Come are adapted from a Vietnamese:

A)work song,called a ho.
B)long song,called muyu.
C)lullaby,called a ru.
D)colloquial song,called a mawwal.
E)chamber music composition,called Ca Hue.

Question 11

Which of the following was a highly influential musical repertory that formed as African American slaves were converted to New World Christianity?

A)Blues
B)Ballads
C)Laments
D)Spirituals
E)Field hollers

Question 12

Because Come to Hue,Come lacks a regular pulse,the vocal melody is performed in:

A)free rhythm.
B)mixed meter.
C)polyrhythms.
D)additive meter.
E)rubato.

Question 13

Pham Duy's The National Road shows the influence of Western music because:

A)Western music was unknown in Vietnam and could make Pham Duy's music unique.
B)Western musical styles had already been used in tan nhac in Vietnam.
C)Pham Duy studied composition with Western composers for a decade.
D)Pham Duy wanted his music to be studied in Western schools.
E)Pham Duy was appealing to Vietnamese people living abroad who had fled because of the Vietnam War.

Question 14

The mawwal Standing on the Shore is an example of what type of texture?

A)Monophonic
B)Homophonic
C)Heterophonic
D)Polyphonic
E)Polyrhythmic

Question 15

A muyu,such as Uncle Ng Comes to the Gold Mountain,usually includes all of the following musical elements EXCEPT:

A)vocables.
B)strophic form.
C)syllabic text setting.
D)distinct musical sections based on the story line.
E)cadences shaped by the linguistic tone at the end of a poetic line.

Question 16

The mawwal Standing on the Shore alternates between refrains in duple meter and interludes in:

A)free rhythm.
B)duple meter.
C)triple meter.
D)quadruple meter.
E)None of the above

Question 17

Vietnamese people living abroad have often performed a popular-song tradition,created in Vietnam near the end of the French colonial period,called:

A)phach.
B)dan bau.
C)dan nhi.
D)dan tranh.
E)tan nhac.

Question 18

Twentieth-century folksingers like Huddie Ledbetter were able to learn African American spirituals through:

A)written transmission.
B)oral transmission.
C)recordings.
D)written transmission and recordings.
E)oral transmission and recordings.

Question 19

Which of the following factors is a variable that can influence the sounds,settings,and significances of immigrant musical life?

A)The date of an individual's immigration
B)Whether the migration was forced or voluntary
C)The immigrant's age,gender,and ethnic or religious identity
D)The immigrant's economic situation and educational background
E)All of the above

Question 20

The dan tranh is a Vietnamese:

A)monochord.
B)two-stringed lute.
C)two-stringed fiddle.
D)sixteen-stringed zither.
E)double-reed aerophone.

Question 21

Chinese immigration to the United States around 1850 was a forced migration caused by a protracted Chinese civil war.

Question 22

Of the twenty songs in the southeastern Chinese ________ genre sung by Uncle Ng,several address the subject of immigration.

Question 23

Composer Pham Duy's career is an example of how music recording and technology have had limited impact on musical transmission among immigrants.

Question 24

Music can reenact the migration process.

Question 25

Beginning in the seventeenth century,British immigrants to North America brought with them ________,which are strophic songs that tell a story.

Question 26

The lyrics of Pham Duy's The National Road are organized to trace the composer's experiences as an immigrant in his new homeland.

Question 27

Because many Chinese immigrants to the United States in the early twentieth century considered themselves temporary sojourners,they were motivated to maintain their Chinese cultural traditions.

Question 28

The strings of the 'ud and the qanun are plucked with a ________,or pick.

Question 29

When a musical phrase begins on an offbeat,it begins on a metrically strong beat.

Question 30

Since the mid-1980s,Vietnamese diaspora communities in urban areas have preserved their homeland musical traditions by hosting,filming,and distributing filmed performances of large musical events called da vu.

Question 31

The qanun is a trapezoidal zither played with a plectrum on the index finger of each hand.

Question 32

The dan nhi is a Vietnamese monochord that may be amplified electronically when played as a solo instrument.

Question 33

African American spirituals were transformed in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries under the influence of the Western classical music style of the dominant American society.

Question 34

The process of transmitting music from person to person through hearing music performed is called ________ transmission.

Question 35

The transmission of ballads through broadsides is an example of ________ transmission.

Question 36

Immigrant communities living outside their ancestral homelands are often called ________ communities,from a Greek word meaning "dispersion."

Question 37

Oral transmission occurs when music is transmitted from person to person through hearing music performed.

Question 38

The migration process in which individual immigrants,upon arriving in a new region,invite their friends and family members to join them is called ________ migration.

Question 39

Which of the following statements about the significance of The National Road is NOT true?

A)It reflects Pham Duy's strong interest in seeing Vietnam reunified after 1954.
B)It traces the route Pham Duy traveled several times through Vietnam.
C)It re-creates sounds and texts similar to those of traditional Vietnamese music.
D)It narrates Pham Duy's experiences living outside Vietnam.
E)It arouses nostalgia and memories for people living in the Vietnamese diaspora.

Question 40

Many people engage in ________ migration because they are motivated by an attraction to a new locale.

Question 41

The National Road is a ________ ________,or series of songs grouped as one composition.

Question 42

How have oral and written transmission affected the performance of African American spirituals?

Question 43

MATCHING
Match each item to the correct description below.
a.qanun
b.dan bau
c.mawwal
d.muyu
e.ho
A traditional Arab song that alternates between free rhythms and regular rhythms

Question 44

Match each item to the correct description below.
a.modulation
b.glissando
c.countermelody
d.call-and-response
e.cadence
A slide in pitch

Question 45

Rhythmic organization based on groupings of four beats is called ________ meter.

Question 46

When groups migrate,some of their musical styles are maintained,whereas other styles are transformed.Support this claim by discussing several Listening Guide examples from this chapter.

Question 47

A ________ mode or scale,based on five pitches,is commonly used in Vietnamese songs,such as lullabies.

Question 48

Match each item to the correct description below.
a.modulation
b.glissando
c.countermelody
d.call-and-response
e.cadence
A shift from one scale or key to another

Question 49

MATCHING
Match each item to the correct description below.
a.qanun
b.dan bau
c.mawwal
d.muyu
e.ho
A trapezoidal zither used in Middle Eastern music

Question 50

MATCHING
Match each item to the correct description below.
a.qanun
b.dan bau
c.mawwal
d.muyu
e.ho
A southeastern Chinese song that addresses the concerns of everyday life

Question 51

Although vocal music that is created and enjoyed by immigrants often addresses similar topics in its lyrics,other elements of the music-such as timbre,pitch,and duration-are used in culturally specific ways.Support this claim by discussing several Listening Guide examples from this chapter.

Question 52

MATCHING
Match each item to the correct description below.
a.qanun
b.dan bau
c.mawwal
d.muyu
e.ho
A Vietnamese monochord

Question 53

Match each item to the correct description below.
a.modulation
b.glissando
c.countermelody
d.call-and-response
e.cadence
A second melody that competes with the main melody

Question 54

Match each item to the correct description below.
a.modulation
b.glissando
c.countermelody
d.call-and-response
e.cadence
Alternation between soloist and chorus

Question 55

MATCHING
Match each item to the correct description below.
a.qanun
b.dan bau
c.mawwal
d.muyu
e.ho
A Vietnamese work song performed by laborers

Question 56

Match each item to the correct description below.
a.modulation
b.glissando
c.countermelody
d.call-and-response
e.cadence
A melodic or harmonic resolution at the end of a musical phrase