Deck 8: Joints

Question 1

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, what type of axis does each joint have?
Joint 3.

Answer 1

Uniaxial

Question 2

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, what type of axis does each joint have?
Joint 6.

Answer 2

Biaxial

Question 3

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, what type of axis does each joint have?
Joint 5.

Answer 3

Biaxial

Question 4

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, identify each type of synovial joint by name.
Joint 5.

Question 5

Figure 8.1
Using Figure 8.1, match the following:
Fibrous capsule.

Question 6

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, identify each type of synovial joint by name.
Joint 1.

Question 7

Match the following:

A) Suture
B) Symphysis
C) Syndesmosis
D) Gomphosis
Joint found only in the skull

Question 8

Figure 8.1
Using Figure 8.1, match the following:
Articular cartilage.

Question 9

Figure 8.1
Using Figure 8.1, match the following:
Synovial membrane.

Question 10

Figure 8.1
Using Figure 8.1, match the following:
Joint (synovial) cavity.

Question 11

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, what type of axis does each joint have?
Joint 4.

Question 12

Match the following:

A) Suture
B) Symphysis
C) Syndesmosis
D) Gomphosis
Tooth in socket

Question 13

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, identify each type of synovial joint by name.
Joint 6.

Question 14

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, what type of axis does each joint have?
Joint 2.

Question 15

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, identify each type of synovial joint by name.
Joint 4.

Question 16

Figure 8.1
Using Figure 8.1, match the following:
Periosteum.

Question 17

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, what type of axis does each joint have?
Joint 1.

Question 18

Match the following:

A) Suture
B) Symphysis
C) Syndesmosis
D) Gomphosis
Bones united by hyaline cartilage

Question 19

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, identify each type of synovial joint by name.
Joint 3.

Question 20

Figure 8.2
Using Figure 8.2, identify each type of synovial joint by name.
Joint 2.

Question 21

The structural classification of joints is based on the composition of the binding material and the presence or absence of a joint cavity.

Question 22

The amount of movement permitted by a particular joint is the basis for the functional classification of joints.

Question 23

Hinge joints permit movement in only two planes.

Question 24

The major role of ligaments at synovial joints is to help direct movement and restrict undesirable movement.

Question 25

Flexion of the ankle so that the superior aspect of the foot approaches the shin is called dorsiflexion.

Question 26

Match the following:

A) Suture
B) Symphysis
C) Syndesmosis
D) Gomphosis
Bones united by fibrocartilage

Question 27

The articular surfaces of synovial joints play a minimal role in joint stability.

Question 28

The gripping of the trochlea by the trochlear notch constitutes the "hinge" for the elbow joint.

Question 29

Synovial fluid contains phagocytic cells that protect the cavity from invasion by microbes or other debris.

Question 30

Moving a limb so that it describes a cone in space is called circumduction.

Question 31

A person who has been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis would be suffering loss of the synovial fluids.

Question 32

All joints permit some degree of movement, even if very slight.

Question 33

Supination is the movement of the forearm in which the palm of the hand is turned from posterior to anterior.

Question 34

A ball-and-socket joint is a multiaxial joint.

Question 35

Pronation is a much stronger movement than supination.

Question 36

The only movement allowed between the first two cervical vertebrae is flexion.

Question 37

A person who has been diagnosed with a sprained ankle has an injury to the ligaments that attach to that joint.

Question 38

Synovial fluid is a viscous material that is derived by filtration from blood.

Question 39

Movement at the hip joint does not have as wide a range of motion as at the shoulder joint.

Question 40

The wrist joint can exhibit adduction and eversion movements.

Question 41

On the basis of structural classification, which joint is fibrous connective tissue?

A) symphysis
B) synchondrosis
C) pivot
D) syndesmosis

Question 42

Bending your head back until it hurts is an example of ________.

A) flexion
B) extension
C) hyperextension
D) circumduction

Question 43

Fibrous joints are classified as ________.

A) pivot, hinge, and ball and socket
B) symphysis, sacroiliac, and articular
C) hinge, saddle, and ellipsoidal
D) sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses

Question 44

The cruciate ligaments of the knee ________.

A) tend to run parallel to one another
B) are also called collateral ligaments
C) prevent hyperextension of the knee
D) attach to each other in their midportions

Question 45

The ligaments that protect the alignment of the femoral and tibial condyles and limit the movement of the femur anteriorly and posteriorly are called ________.

A) cruciate ligaments
B) patellar ligaments
C) anterior ligaments
D) tibial collateral ligaments

Question 46

Articulations permitting only slight degrees of movement are ________.

A) amphiarthroses
B) synarthroses
C) diarthroses
D) synovial joints

Question 47

Which of the following statements defines synchondroses?

A) amphiarthrotic joints designed for strength and flexibility
B) interphalangeal joints
C) joints that permit angular movements
D) cartilaginous joints where hyaline cartilage unites the ends of bones

Question 48

The gliding motion of the wrist uses ________ joints.

A) hinge
B) plane
C) pivot
D) condyloid

Question 49

Which of the following are cartilaginous joints?

A) Syndesmoses
B) Sutures
C) Synchondroses
D) Gomphoses

Question 50

Bending of the tip of the finger exhibits flexion.

Question 51

Synovial fluid is present in joint cavities of freely movable joints. Which of the following statements is True about this fluid?

A) It contains enzymes only.
B) It contains lactic acid.
C) It contains hyaluronic acid.
D) It contains hydrochloric acid.

Question 52

In the classification of joints, which of the following is True?

A) Immovable joints are called amphiarthroses.
B) All synovial joints are freely movable.
C) Synarthrotic joints are slightly movable.
D) In cartilaginous joints, a joint cavity is present.

Question 53

A joint united by dense fibrocartilaginous tissue that usually permits a slight degree of movement is a ________.

A) suture
B) syndesmosis
C) symphysis
D) gomphosis

Question 54

Symphyses are synarthrotic joints designed for strength with flexibility.

Question 55

Connective tissue sacs lined with synovial membranes that act as cushions in places where friction develops are called ________.

A) menisci
B) bursae
C) ligaments
D) tendons

Question 56

A fibrous joint that is a peg-in-socket is called a ________ joint.

A) syndesmosis
B) suture
C) synchondrosis
D) gomphosis

Question 57

Synarthrotic joints ________.

A) are found only in adults
B) are cartilaginous joints
C) permit essentially no movement
D) have large joint cavities

Question 58

In symphysis joints the articular surfaces of the bones are covered with ________.

A) hyaline cartilage
B) synovial membranes
C) fibrocartilage
D) tendon sheaths

Question 59

Articular cartilage found at the ends of the long bones serves to ________.

A) attach tendons
B) produce red blood cells (hemopoiesis)
C) provide a smooth surface at the ends of synovial joints
D) form the synovial membrane

Question 60

Dislocations in the TMJ almost always dislocate posteriorly with the mandibular condyles ending up in the infratemporal fossa.

Question 61

Football players often sustain lateral blows to the extended knee. Which of the ligaments is (are) damaged as a result?

A) oblique popliteal and extracapsular ligament
B) suprapatellar
C) arcuate popliteal and the posterior cruciate
D) medial collateral, medial meniscus, and anterior cruciate

Question 62

Pointing the toes is an example of ________.

A) circumduction
B) plantar flexion
C) pronation
D) protraction

Question 63

Which of the following is a True statement regarding gliding movements?

A) Gliding movements occur at the intercarpal and intertarsal joints.
B) Gliding movements allow flexibility of the upper limbs.
C) Gliding movements are multiaxial.
D) An example of a gliding movement is nodding one's head.

Question 64

Compared to the shoulder, displacements of the hip joints are ________.

A) common due to the weight bearing the hip endures
B) rare because of the ligament reinforcement
C) common in all people who are overweight
D) rare because the rotator cuff stabilizes the hip joint

Question 65

Extracapsular ligaments stabilizing the knee include ________.

A) the patellar ligament extending from femur to patella
B) lateral and medial collateral ligaments preventing lateral or medial angular movements
C) cruciate ligaments, which help secure the articulating bones together
D) the oblique popliteal crossing the knee anteriorly

Question 66

Which of the following is not a part of the synovial joint?

A) joint cavity
B) tendon sheath
C) articular cartilage
D) articular capsule

Question 67

Which of the following is a True statement?

A) The head of the humerus articulates with the acromion process.
B) The greater tubercle of the humerus articulates at the coracoid process of the scapula.
C) The rotator cuff is responsible for the flexible extensions at the elbow joint.
D) The annular ligament surrounds the head of the radius.

Question 68

An example of an interosseous fibrous joint is ________.

A) the clavicle and the scapula at the distal ends
B) the radius and ulna along its length
C) between the vertebrae
D) between the humerus and the glenoid cavity

Question 69

What are menisci?

A) cavities lined with cartilage
B) small sacs containing synovial fluid
C) semilunar cartilage pads
D) tendon sheaths

Question 70

What is moving a limb away from the median plane of the body along the frontal plane called?

A) abduction
B) adduction
C) inversion
D) dorsiflexion

Question 71

Saddle joints have concave and convex surfaces. Identify the saddle joint of the skeleton.

A) Interphalangeal joint of the finger.
B) Meatcarpophalangeal joint of the finger.
C) Carpometacarpal joint of the phalanges.
D) Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb.

Question 72

The terms inversion and eversion pertain only to the ________.

A) hands
B) feet
C) arms
D) hands and the feet

Question 73

Presence of a synovial cavity, articular cartilage, synovial membrane, and ligaments are characteristics of what type of joint?

A) suture
B) synchondrosis
C) symphysis
D) hinge joint

Question 74

Which of the following is not a factor that contributes to keeping the articular surfaces of diarthroses in contact?

A) structure and shape of the articulating bone
B) arrangement and tension of the muscles
C) strength and tension of joint ligaments
D) number of bones in the joint

Question 75

Which of the following statements best describes angular movements?

A) They allow movement only in one plane.
B) They allow movement in several planes.
C) They occur only between bones with flat articular processes.
D) They change (increase or decrease) the angle between two bones.

Question 76

Which of the following movements does not increase or decrease the angle between bones?

A) abduction
B) extension
C) rotation
D) circumduction

Question 77

The hip joint is a good example of a(n) ________ synovial joint.

A) nonaxial
B) uniaxial
C) biaxial
D) multiaxial

Question 78

Turning the foot medially at the ankle would be called ________.

Question 79

Tendon sheaths ________.

A) act as friction-reducing structures
B) are lined with dense irregular connective tissue
C) are extensions of periosteum
D) help anchor the tendon to the muscle

Question 80

Which ligament of the knee initiates the knee-jerk reflex when tapped?

A) the patellar ligament
B) the medial patellar retinacula
C) the lateral patellar retinacula
D) the extracapsular ligament