Deck 2: Chemistry Comes Alive

Question 1

Match the following chemical bonds to the correct description:

A) Ionic bond
B) Hydrogen bond
C) Polar covalent bond
D) Nonpolar covalent bond
A bond in which electrons are completely lost or gained by the atoms involved.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Match the following particles to the correct description:

A) Neutron
B) Atom
C) Cation
D) Molecule
Neutral subatomic particle.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Match the following particles to the correct description:

A) Neutron
B) Atom
C) Cation
D) Molecule
Electrically charged particle due to loss of an electron.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Figure 2.1
Using Figure 2.1, match the following:
Nucleotide

Question 5

Match the following chemical bonds to the correct description:

A) Ionic bond
B) Hydrogen bond
C) Polar covalent bond
D) Nonpolar covalent bond
A type of bond important in tying different parts of the same molecule together into a three-dimensional structure.

Question 6

Figure 2.2
Using Figure 2.2, match the following:
Guanine

Question 7

Figure 2.1
Using Figure 2.1, match the following:
Lipid

Question 8

Figure 2.2
Using Figure 2.2, match the following:
Thymine

Question 9

Figure 2.1
Using Figure 2.1, match the following:
Polysaccharide.

Question 10

Figure 2.1
Using Figure 2.1, match the following:
Tertiary (protein) structure

Question 11

Match the following particles to the correct description:

A) Neutron
B) Atom
C) Cation
D) Molecule
Smallest particle of a compound that still retains its properties.

Question 12

Match the following particles to the correct description:

A) Neutron
B) Atom
C) Cation
D) Molecule
Smallest particle of an element that retains its properties.

Question 13

Figure 2.2
Using Figure 2.2, match the following:
Deoxyribose sugar.

Question 14

Match the following chemical bonds to the correct description:

A) Ionic bond
B) Hydrogen bond
C) Polar covalent bond
D) Nonpolar covalent bond
A bond in which electrons are shared equally.

Question 15

Match the following chemical bonds to the correct description:

A) Ionic bond
B) Hydrogen bond
C) Polar covalent bond
D) Nonpolar covalent bond
A bond in which electrons are shared unequally.

Question 16

Figure 2.1
Using Figure 2.1, match the following:
Functional protein

Question 17

Figure 2.1
Using Figure 2.1, match the following:
Monosaccharide

Question 18

Figure 2.1
Using Figure 2.1, match the following:
Polymer

Question 19

Figure 2.2
Using Figure 2.2, match the following:
Phosphate

Question 20

Figure 2.2
Using Figure 2.2, match the following:
Hydrogen bonds

Question 21

Match the following:

A) Mechanical energy
B) Radiant energy
C) Electrical energy
D) Chemical energy
Energy that travels in waves. Part of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Question 22

Match the following:

A) Weight
B) Energy
C) Mass
D) Matter
Is a function of, and varies with, gravity.

Question 23

Match the following:

A) Suspensions
B) Colloids
C) Solutions
Heterogeneous, will settle.

Question 24

Match the following:

A) Suspensions
B) Colloids
C) Solutions
Homogeneous, will not settle.

Question 25

Match the following:

A) Weight
B) Energy
C) Mass
D) Matter
Anything that occupies space and has mass.

Question 26

Match the following:

A) Weight
B) Energy
C) Mass
D) Matter
Can be measured only by its effects on matter.

Question 27

Match the following:

A) Mechanical energy
B) Radiant energy
C) Electrical energy
D) Chemical energy
When the bonds of ATP are broken, energy is released to do cellular work.

Question 28

Match the following:

A) Mechanical energy
B) Radiant energy
C) Electrical energy
D) Chemical energy
Represented by the flow of charged particles along a conductor, or the flow of ions across a membrane.

Question 29

Match the following:

A) Mass number of an element
B) Atomic symbol
C) Atomic number
Combined number of protons and neutrons in an atom

Question 30

Match the following:

A) Mass number of an element
B) Atomic symbol
C) Atomic number
Number of protons in an atom

Question 31

Match the following:

A) Suspensions
B) Colloids
C) Solutions
Will not scatter light.

Question 32

Match the following:

A) Compound
B) Mixture
C) Element
Water.

Question 33

Match the following:

A) Compound
B) Mixture
C) Element
Carbon.

Question 34

Match the following:

A) Mass number of an element
B) Atomic symbol
C) Atomic number
First one or two letters of an element's name

Question 35

The atomic weight is only an average of relative weights of an atom and its isotopes, and it may vary from the weight of a specific isotope.

Question 36

Match the following:

A) Compound
B) Mixture
C) Element
Blood.

Question 37

Match the following:

A) Mechanical energy
B) Radiant energy
C) Electrical energy
D) Chemical energy
Legs moving the pedals of a bicycle.

Question 38

Match the following:

A) Suspensions
B) Colloids
C) Solutions
Heterogeneous, will not settle.

Question 39

Match the following:

A) Weight
B) Energy
C) Mass
D) Matter
Although a man who weighs 175 pounds on Earth would be lighter on the moon and heavier on Jupiter, his ________ would not be different.

Question 40

Match the following:

A) Compound
B) Mixture
C) Element
Dry ice (frozen carbon dioxide).

Question 41

It is the difference in the R group that makes each amino acid chemically unique.

Question 42

About 60% to 80% of the volume of most living cells consists of organic compounds.

Question 43

Chemical properties are determined primarily by neutrons.

Question 44

A chemical bond is an energy relationship between outer electrons and neighboring atoms.

Question 45

Isotopes differ from each other only in the number of electrons the atom contains.

Question 46

Glucose is an example of a monosaccharide.

Question 47

Covalent bonds are generally less stable than ionic bonds.

Question 48

Buffers resist abrupt and large changes in the pH of the body by releasing or binding ions.

Question 49

Lipids are a poor source of stored energy.

Question 50

Glycogen, the storage form of glucose, is primarily stored in muscle tissue only.

Question 51

A charged particle is generally called an ion or electrolyte.

Question 52

All organic compounds contain carbon.

Question 53

The fact that no chemical bonding occurs between the components of a mixture is the chief difference between mixtures and compounds.

Question 54

The acidity of a solution reflects the free hydrogen ions in the solution

Question 55

Current information suggests that omega-3 fatty acids decrease the risk of heart disease.

Question 56

The pH of body fluids must remain fairly constant for the body to maintain homeostasis.

Question 57

The lower the pH, the higher the hydrogen ion concentration.

Question 58

Mixtures are combinations of elements or compounds that are physically blended together but are not bound by chemical bonds.

Question 59

A dipeptide can be broken into two amino acids by dehydration synthesis.

Question 60

Hydrogen bonds are too weak to bind atoms together to form molecules but are important intramolecular bonds.

Question 61

Which of the following is the major positive ion outside cells?

A) magnesium
B) hydrogen
C) potassium
D) sodium

Question 62

Which of the following is not a role of molecular chaperonins?

A) prevent accidental, premature, or incorrect folding of polypeptide chains
B) aid the desired folding and association process of polypeptides
C) help to translocate proteins and certain metal ions across cell membranes
D) promote the breakdown of damaged or denatured proteins
E) act as a platform for assembling primary protein structure

Question 63

Which of the following statements is False?

A) Chemical reactions proceed more quickly at higher temperatures.
B) Chemical reactions progress at a faster rate when the reacting particles are present in higher numbers.
C) Larger particles move faster than smaller ones and thus collide more frequently and more forcefully.
D) Catalysts increase the rate of chemical reactions, sometimes while undergoing reversible changes in shape.

Question 64

Salts are always ________.

A) ionic compounds
B) single covalent compounds
C) double covalent compounds
D) hydrogen bonded

Question 65

Which of the following would be regarded as an organic molecule?

A) H₂O
B) NaCl
C) NaOH
D) CH₄

Question 66

Which statement about enzymes is False?

A) Enzymes require contact with substrate in order to assume their active form.
B) Enzymes have the ability to accelerate reactions as much as a billion-fold.
C) Enzymes may use coenzymes derived from vitamins or cofactors from metallic elements.
D) Enzymes may be damaged by high temperature.

Question 67

A chemical reaction in which bonds are broken is usually associated with ________.

A) the release of energy
B) the consumption of energy
C) a synthesis
D) forming a larger molecule

Question 68

Which of the following elements is necessary for proper conduction of nervous impulses?

A) Fe
B) I
C) P
D) Na

Question 69

The single most abundant protein in the body is ________.

A) DNA
B) hemoglobin
C) collagen
D) glucose

Question 70

In general, the lipids that we refer to as oils have ________.

A) a high water content
B) long fatty acid chains
C) a high degree of saturated bonds
D) a high degree of unsaturated bonds

Question 71

The basic structural material of the body consists of ________.

A) Carbohydrates
B) Lipids.
C) Proteins.
D) Nucleic acids.

Question 72

The numbers listed represent the number of electrons in the first, second, and third energy levels, respectively. On this basis, which of the following is an unstable or reactive atom?

A) 2, 8, 8
B) 2, 8
C) 2
D) 2, 8, 1

Question 73

Carbohydrates are stored in the liver and muscles in the form of ________.

A) glucose
B) triglycerides
C) glycogen
D) cholesterol

Question 74

What level of protein synthesis is represented by the coiling of the protein chain backbone into an alpha helix?

A) primary structure
B) secondary structure
C) tertiary structure
D) quaternary structure

Question 75

Carbohydrates and proteins are built up from their basic building blocks by the ________.

A) addition of a water molecule between each two units
B) addition of a carbon atom between each two units
C) removal of a water molecule between each two units
D) removal of a carbon atom between each two units

Question 76

What is a chain of more than 50 amino acids called?

A) polypeptide
B) polysaccharide
C) protein
D) nucleic acid

Question 77

The genetic information is coded in DNA by the ________.

A) regular alteration of sugar and phosphate molecules
B) sequence of the nucleotides
C) three-dimensional structure of the double helix
D) arrangement of the histones

Question 78

Which of the following is not True of proteins?

A) They may be denatured or coagulated by heat or acidity.
B) They have both functional and structural roles in the body.
C) They appear to be the molecular carriers of coded hereditary information.
D) Their function depends on their three-dimensional shape.

Question 79

Which of the following does NOT describe enzymes?

A) Some enzymes are purely protein.
B) Some enzymes are protein plus a cofactor.
C) Each enzyme is chemically specific.
D) Enzymes work by raising the energy of activation.

Question 80

Which of the following statements is False?

A) When acids and bases are mixed, they react with each other to form water and a salt.
B) The more hydrogen ions in a solution, the more acidic the solution.
C) When the hydrogen ion concentration decreases, the hydroxyl ion concentration also decreases.
D) The pH of blood is slightly basic.