Deck 13: The Respiratory System

Question 1

________ lining the mucosa of the trachea beat continuously to propel contaminated mucus to the throat.

A) Microvilli
B) Coarse hairs
C) Cilia
D) Flagella

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The posterior portion of the palate that is not supported by bone is called the ________.

A) soft palate
B) paranasal sinus
C) epiglottis
D) hard palate

Answer 2

A

Question 3

When breathing in, air enters the trachea through the ________.

A) glottis
B) epiglottis
C) esophagus
D) thyroid cartilage

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The C-shaped rings that reinforce the trachea are constructed of ________.

A) fibrocartilage
B) elastic cartilage
C) hyaline cartilage
D) compact bone

Question 5

Using Figure 13.1, identify the following:
The nasal cavity is indicated by ________.

A) Label D
B) Label C
C) Label B
D) Label H
E) Label A

Question 6

Using Figure 13.1, identify the following:
The oral cavity is indicated by ________.

A) Label C
B) Label A
C) Label E
D) label B
E) Label G

Question 7

Using Figure 13.1, identify the following:
The diaphragm muscle is indicated by ________.

A) Label C
B) Label E
C) Label F
D) Label G
E) Label J

Question 8

The ________ routes air and food into their proper channels and plays a role in speech.

A) tongue
B) pharynx
C) nasal conchae
D) larynx

Question 9

The three mucosa-covered projections into the nasal cavity that greatly increase surface area of mucosa exposed to air are called ________.

A) tonsils
B) adenoids
C) conchae
D) paranasal sinuses

Question 10

Using Figure 13.1, identify the following:
The inferior lobe of the right lung is indicated by ________.

A) Label E
B) Label J
C) Label I
D) Label G
E) Label F

Question 11

Using Figure 13.1, identify the following:
The nostrils, or nares, are indicated by ________.

A) Label C
B) Label G
C) Label B
D) Label A
E) Label F

Question 12

Using Figure 13.1, identify the following:
The right main (primary) bronchus is indicated by ________.

A) Label H
B) Label I
C) Label J
D) Label B
E) Label F

Question 13

The mucosa-lined windpipe that extends from the larynx to the level of the fifth thoracic vertebra is called the ________.

A) trachea
B) oropharynx
C) main (primary) bronchus
D) nasopharynx

Question 14

Using Figure 13.1, identify the following:
The trachea is indicated by ________.

A) Label D
B) Label I
C) Label B
D) Label F
E) Label G

Question 15

The ________ tonsil, or adenoid, is located high in the nasopharynx region.

A) lingual
B) laryngeal
C) pharyngeal
D) palatine

Question 16

Using Figure 13.1, identify the following:
The pharynx is indicated by ________.

A) Label H
B) Label I
C) Label J
D) Label F
E) Label B

Question 17

From superior to inferior, the three regions of the pharynx are the ________.

A) oropharynx, nasopharynx, laryngopharynx
B) nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
C) laryngopharynx, oropharynx, nasopharynx
D) nasopharynx, laryngopharynx, oropharynx

Question 18

The flap of ________ cartilage that protects the opening of the larynx is called the epiglottis.

A) thyroid cartilage
B) elastic
C) hyaline
D) fibrous

Question 19

Using Figure 13.1, identify the following:
The apex of the right lung is indicated by ________.

A) Label E
B) Label F
C) Label H
D) Label G
E) Label J

Question 20

Using Figure 13.1, identify the following:
The larynx is indicated by ________.

A) Label H
B) Label G
C) Label F
D) Label A
E) Label D

Question 21

Gas exchange between the pulmonary blood and alveoli is called ________.

A) pulmonary ventilation
B) inhalation
C) external respiration
D) internal respiration

Question 22

The process of moving air into and out of the lungs is commonly called breathing or ________.

A) cellular respiration
B) internal respiration
C) respiratory gas transport
D) pulmonary ventilation

Question 23

When carbon dioxide dissolves in water, it forms ________.

A) carbaminohemoglobin
B) deoxyhemoglobin
C) carbon monoxide
D) carbonic acid

Question 24

The normal respiratory rate of 12-15 breaths per minute is known as ________.

A) hyperpnea
B) eupnea
C) dyspnea
D) apnea

Question 25

The regulation of the activity of the breathing muscles, the diaphragm and external intercostals, is controlled by nerve impulses transmitted from the brain via the ________ and ________ nerves.

A) splanchic; sacral
B) trochlear; trigeminal
C) phrenic; intercostal
D) cranial; spinal

Question 26

The division of the trachea produces two tubes called the right and left main (primary) ________.

A) bronchioles
B) bronchi
C) alveolar ducts
D) alveolar sacs

Question 27

During ________, oxygen binds to hemoglobin to form oxyhemoglobin.

A) internal respiration
B) external respiration
C) cellular respiration
D) expiration

Question 28

________ is an odorless, colorless gas which binds preferentially with the same binding site on hemoglobin as oxygen.

A) Hydrogen sulfide
B) Carbon monoxide
C) Nitrous oxide
D) Methane

Question 29

The ________ zone includes the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and alveoli and is where gas exchange occurs.

A) respiratory
B) conducting
C) terminal
D) filtering

Question 30

The smallest conducting passageways of the lungs are known as ________.

A) main (primary) bronchi
B) alveoli
C) bronchioles
D) alveolar ducts

Question 31

________ volume is the air moved into and out of the lungs during normal quiet breathing and is approximately 500 mL of air.

A) Tidal
B) Vital capacity
C) Residual
D) Inspiratory capacity

Question 32

Lung collapse, or ________, can occur if the intrapleural pressure equals atmospheric pressure when air enters the pleural space.

A) pleurisy
B) atelectasis
C) rales
D) wheezing

Question 33

The serous membrane that surrounds each lung is created by a parietal and visceral ________.

A) pleura
B) pericardium
C) peritoneum
D) mediastinum

Question 34

The total amount of exchangeable air is known as ________.

A) residual volume
B) inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
C) tidal volume (TV)
D) vital capacity (VC)

Question 35

Respiratory capacities are measured with a ________.

A) thermometer
B) spirometer
C) spygmomanometer
D) stethoscope

Question 36

The most important stimulus for breathing in a healthy person is the body's need to rid itself of the blood gas called ________.

A) carbon dioxide
B) oxygen
C) methane
D) nitrous oxide

Question 37

The portions of the brain that contain respiratory centers and set the breathing rate are the ________.

A) medulla and pons
B) pons and cerebellum
C) cerebrum and cerebellum
D) thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 38

The inspiratory muscles that contract so we can inspire air are the ________ and ________.

A) rectus abdominis; external obliques
B) diaphragm; external intercostals
C) trapezius; latissimus dorsi
D) diaphragm; external obliques

Question 39

Air flowing out of the lungs is known as ________.

A) expiration
B) respiratory gas transport
C) inhalation
D) inspiration

Question 40

Folds of mucous membrane called ________ vibrate to provide speech.

A) vocal folds (True vocal cords)
B) hyaline cartilage rings
C) epiglottis
D) uvula

Question 41

The flap of elastic cartilage that protects food from entering the larynx when swallowing is the ________.

A) glottis
B) thyroid cartilage
C) Adam's apple
D) epiglottis
E) trachea

Question 42

Following the removal of the larynx, a person would be unable to ________.

A) speak
B) sneeze
C) eat
D) hear
E) breathe

Question 43

In order to return acidic blood pH to normal, breathing becomes deeper and more rapid, a phenomenon known as ________.

A) hypoventilation
B) hyperventilation
C) apnea
D) dyspnea

Question 44

The pharynogotympanic tubes, which drain the middle ear, open into the ________.

A) nasopharynx
B) oropharynx
C) palatopharynx
D) laryngopharynx
E) tracheopharynx

Question 45

The nasal cavity is separated from the oral cavity by ________.

A) the pharynx
B) the nasal conchae
C) the larynx
D) both the hard and soft palate
E) both the nasal conchae and hard palate

Question 46

The opening between the vocal cords is called the ________.

A) epiglottis
B) glottis
C) larynx
D) thyroid cartilage
E) esophagus

Question 47

Which tonsil(s) is/are located in the oropharynx at the end of the soft palate?

A) adenoid
B) pharyngeal tonsil
C) thymus
D) palatine tonsils
E) lingual tonsils

Question 48

Vibration due to exhaled air that results in speech is a function of the ________.

A) complete voice box
B) True vocal cords
C) false vocal cords
D) glottis
E) epiglottis

Question 49

The superior portion of each lung is the ________.

A) pleura
B) base
C) apex
D) mediastinum
E) fissure

Question 50

________ is a fatty molecule made by alveolar cells to reduce surface tension and prevent alveolar collapse between breaths.

A) Sebum
B) Surfactant
C) Nicotine
D) Mucus

Question 51

Which one of the following is NOT True of the lungs?

A) the narrower portion of each lung is called the apex
B) the bases rest on the diaphragm
C) the left lung has two lobes
D) the right lung has three lobes
E) both lungs have two lobes

Question 52

What is the function of an alveolar macrophage?

A) secrete mucus
B) facilitate gas exchange
C) produce surfactant
D) engulf bacteria, carbon particles, and debris
E) sweep contaminated mucus and debris from the alveoli

Question 53

What is the role of mucus in the nasal cavity?

A) increase the air turbulence in the nasal cavity
B) separate the oral cavity from the nasal cavity
C) lighten the skull
D) act as a resonance chamber for speech
E) trap incoming bacteria and other foreign debris

Question 54

The correct pathway air flows through the respiratory system is ________.

A) nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, main (primary) bronchi
B) nose, larynx, pharynx, trachea, main (primary) bronchi
C) nose, pharynx, trachea, larynx, main (primary) bronchi
D) nose, larynx, trachea, pharynx, main (primary) bronchi
E) nose, pharynx, larynx, main (primary) bronchi, trachea

Question 55

Gas exchange occurs in the ________.

A) nose
B) pharynx
C) larynx
D) trachea
E) alveoli

Question 56

What sweeps contaminated mucus from the nasal cavity to the throat?

A) tonsils
B) flagella
C) cilia
D) coarse hairs
E) air turbulence

Question 57

The serous membrane covering the surface of the lungs is called the ________.

A) mediastinum
B) visceral pleura
C) parietal pleura
D) main (primary) bronchi
E) pleurisy

Question 58

The respiratory conducting passageways perform all of the following functions EXCEPT ________.

A) allow air to reach the lungs
B) purify air
C) humidify air
D) exchange gases
E) warm incoming air

Question 59

Air from the nasal cavity enters the superior portion of the pharynx called the ________.

A) nasopharynx
B) oropharynx
C) palatopharynx
D) laryngopharynx
E) tracheopharynx

Question 60

Which one of the following bones does NOT contain paranasal sinuses?

A) frontal
B) sphenoid
C) mandible
D) ethmoid
E) maxilla

Question 61

Hyperventilation is the body's response to ________.

A) increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood
B) increased oxygen levels in the blood
C) decreased carbon dioxide levels in the blood
D) alkalosis
E) increased blood pH

Question 62

Even after a forceful expiration, air still remains in the lungs for gas exchange to continue. This volume is about ________.

A) 500 mL
B) 1200 mL
C) 2100 mL
D) 4800 mL
E) 6000 mL

Question 63

The gas exchange that occurs between blood and tissue cells at systemic capillaries is called ________.

A) pulmonary ventilation
B) expiration
C) internal respiration
D) external respiration
E) respiratory gas transport

Question 64

Hyperventilation leads to all of the following except ________.

A) brief periods of apnea
B) cyanosis
C) dizziness
D) fainting
E) buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood

Question 65

Which one of the following is NOT True of inspiration?

A) contraction of the diaphragm muscle helps increase the size of the thoracic cavity
B) relaxation of the external intercostal muscles helps increase the size of the thoracic cavity
C) increased intrapulmonary volume causes inhaled gases to spread out
D) the decreased gas pressure produces a partial vacuum that forcibly sucks air in
E) air continues to move into the lungs until intrapulmonary pressure equals atmospheric pressure

Question 66

Which one of the following structures is NOT part of the respiratory zone?

A) respiratory bronchioles
B) alveolar ducts
C) alveolar sacs
D) alveoli
E) primary bronchi

Question 67

Hypoventilation dramatically increases carbonic acid concentration and involves ________.

A) extremely deep breathing
B) extremely fast breathing
C) extremely slow breathing
D) intermittent breathing
E) irregular breathing

Question 68

The lipid molecule critical to lung function that coats the gas-exposed alveolar surfaces is called ________.

A) surfactant
B) interferon
C) kinin
D) renin
E) lecithin

Question 69

Which of the following is NOT one of the four main events of respiration?

A) pulmonary ventilation
B) respiratory gas transport
C) residual volume
D) external respiration
E) internal respiration

Question 70

Which of the following breathing rates represents eupnea?

A) 5 breaths per minute
B) 10 breaths per minute
C) 14 breaths per minute
D) 18 breaths per minute
E) 24 breaths per minute

Question 71

Exchange of both oxygen and carbon dioxide through the respiratory membrane occurs by ________.

A) osmosis
B) simple diffusion
C) facilitated diffusion
D) active transport
E) endocytosis

Question 72

Air moving in and out of the lungs during normal quiet breathing is called ________.

A) internal respiration
B) inspiration
C) external respiration
D) expiration
E) pulmonary ventilation

Question 73

Oxygen is unloaded from the blood stream and diffuses into surrounding cells and tissues during ________.

A) internal respiration
B) pulmonary ventilation
C) external respiration
D) respiratory gas transport
E) tidal volume

Question 74

The amount of air exchanged during normal quiet breathing is about ________.

A) 500 mL
B) 1200 mL
C) 2100 mL
D) 4800 mL
E) 6000 mL

Question 75

Most carbon dioxide dissolves in blood plasma for transport as ________.

A) carbohemoglobin
B) bicarbonate ion
C) oxyhemoglobin
D) carbon monoxide
E) deoxyhemoglobin

Question 76

The respiratory movement representing the total amount of exchangeable air is the ________.

A) tidal volume
B) inspiratory reserve volume
C) expiratory reserve volume
D) vital capacity
E) dead space volume

Question 77

Which nonrespiratory air movement clears the upper respiratory passageways?

A) coughing
B) yawning
C) laughing
D) hiccupping
E) sneezing

Question 78

Expiration (exhalation) occurs when ________.

A) the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract
B) air moves into the lungs
C) intrapulmonary volume increases
D) the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax
E) intrapulmonary pressure decreases

Question 79

Oxygen is transported in the blood as ________.

A) bicarbonate ion
B) oxyhemoglobin
C) carbonic acid
D) deoxyhemoglobin
E) carbonic anhydrase

Question 80

Laura's lung collapsed during a skiing accident when a rib punctured her lung. The condition of a collapsed lung is known as ________.

A) atelectasis
B) asthma
C) eupnea
D) pleurisy
E) pneumothorax