Deck 7: Unemployment and Inflation

Full screen (f)
exit full mode
Question
Which of the following is a discouraged worker?  

A) one who is underqualified for his current job 
B) one who dislikes his current job but is afraid to quit 
C) one who drops out of the labour force because he CANNOT find a job 
D) one who quits his job because the possibility of advancement is very low
Use Space or
up arrow
down arrow
to flip the card.
Question
What is the unemployment rate?  

A) the percentage of people in the economy who do NOT hold jobs 
B) the percentage of the people in the labour force who do NOT have a job. 
C) the number of people in the economy who have given up looking for employment 
D) the number of people in the labour force without jobs
Question
Consider an economy made up of 100 people, 60 of whom hold jobs, 10 of whom are looking for work, and 15 of whom are retired.How many people are counted as unemployed?  

A) 10 
B) 15 
C) 40 
D) 90
Question
Which of the following explains the labour force participation rate?  

A) When workers become unemployed, the labour force participation rate declines. 
B) When the unemployed become discouraged workers, the labour force participation rate declines. 
C) When workers are NOT fully using their skills, the labour force participation rate decreases. 
D) Since the 1950s the labour force participation rate of women has decreased in Canada.
Question
Who is included in the civilian labour force?  

A) all people in the economy who are NOT retired 
B) all people in the economy over 15 years old 
C) the adults in the economy between 18 and 65 years old who are able to work 
D) the non-institutionalized population over 15 years old in the economy who hold jobs or are looking for work
Question
Which of the following people would be classified as a discouraged worker?  

A) a labour force member who has chosen early retirement because he dislikes his work or thinks the pay is too low 
B) a member of the non-institutional population who says he wants to be employed but is NOT searching for a job 
C) a member of the labour force who is looking for a job but CANNOT find one 
D) any member of the population who is NOT working
Question
Which of the following is NOT a cost of unemployment?  

A) unemployed people who feel emotional or psychological problems 
B) unemployed people whose job skills diminish as time passes 
C) lower production potential 
D) a higher inflation rate
Question
Consider an economy made up of 100 people, 60 of whom hold jobs, 10 of whom are looking for work, and 15 of whom are retired.How many people are in the labour force?  

A) 30 
B) 60 
C) 70 
D) 85
Question
Which of the following people would be counted among the unemployed?  

A) a new college graduate who sells newspaper advertising on a part-time basis while looking for other work 
B) a new college graduate who sells newspaper advertising on a full-time basis while looking for other work 
C) a new college graduate who sells newspaper advertising on a part-time basis but is NOT looking for other work 
D) a new college graduate who is NOT qualified for any of the jobs available in his small town
Question
Which of the following people would be counted in the labour force?  

A) Chou, who lost his job and last looked for work three months ago 
B) Stephanie, who holds a Ph.D. in history, but can find only part-time employment at a fast-food restaurant 
C) Jordan, who would like to work as a stockbroker but is now a househusband 
D) Steffan, who thinks he could easily earn $100,000 per year, despite the opinion of the psychiatrist at the hospital where he is a resident patient
Question
Which of the following is a criterion in determining which unemployed individuals are included in the official unemployment rate?  

A) The unemployed person has previously held a job. 
B) The unemployed person is actively seeking employment. 
C) The unemployed person must be willing to accept a reasonable job offer. 
D) The unemployed person must be willing to accept any job offer.
Question
Which of the following people would be counted as unemployed?  

A) a completely retired naval officer 
B) a full-time high-school student who does NOT have time for a job 
C) a father of preschool children who does NOT want to work 
D) a downhill ski instructor who looks for work only during the winter
Question
Suppose U = the number of adults who are unemployed, E = the number of adults who are employed, and NLF = the number of adults NOT in the labour force.Which expression would equal the labour force participation rate?  

A) E/(U + E) 
B) U/(U + E + NLF) 
C) E/(U + E + NLF) 
D) (U + E)/(U + E + NLF)
Question
Which of the following is NOT a way for a worker to become officially unemployed?  

A) A worker quits his job to look for a better job in another part of the country. 
B) A worker is fired from his job. 
C) A worker begins looking for a job after being out of the labour force for five years. 
D) A worker retires.
Question
When does the unemployment rate increase?  

A) It increases whenever the number of persons classified as unemployed increases. 
B) It increases whenever the number of unemployed increases relative to the size of the labour force. 
C) It increases whenever the size of the labour force decreases. 
D) It increases whenever the size of the labour force decreases and the number of unemployed decreases.
Question
Suppose that top government officials claim that "more people are working now than ever before." What does this mean?  

A) The unemployment rate is lower now than ever before. 
B) The number of unemployed people is lower now than ever before. 
C) The number of people in the labour force is higher now than ever before. 
D) The number of employed people is higher now than ever before.
Question
Which of the following is NOT a cost of unemployment?  

A) unemployed people who feel a loss of self-respect 
B) wasted resources 
C) unemployed people who experience negative psychological effects 
D) higher inflation rates
Question
Consider an economy with an adult population of 100, 50 of whom hold jobs, 10 of whom are looking for work, and 15 of whom are retired.What is the labour force participation rate?  

A) 10 percent 
B) 40 percent 
C) 50 percent 
D) 60 percent
Question
Suppose U = the number of adults who are unemployed, E = the number of adults who are employed, and NLF = the number of adults NOT in the labour force.Which expression would equal the unemployment rate?  

A) U/(E + NLF) 
B) U/E 
C) U/(U + E) 
D) U/(E + NLF)
Question
Suppose the official unemployment rate is 10 percent.Which of the following can be concluded without question?  

A) The same 10 percent of the people in the economy were out of work for the entire year. 
B) One of every ten people in the labour force is currently unemployed. 
C) The same 10 percent of the people in the labour force were out of work for the entire year. 
D) Every person in the labour force was out of work for 10 percent of the year.
Question
What does an unemployment rate decrease mean?  

A) The number of persons classified as unemployed increases. 
B) The number of unemployed decreases relative to the size of the labour force. 
C) The size of the population decreases and the number of persons classified as employed remains the same. 
D) The size of the labour force decreases.
Question
What does frictional unemployment refer to?  

A) unemployment that results from a mismatch of skills 
B) unemployment that results from taking the time to find the best job 
C) unemployment that results from seasonal decreases in demand for labour 
D) unemployment that results from a recession in the economy
Question
Which metropolitan area in Canada had the lowest unemployment rate in 2015?  

A) Windsor, Ontario 
B) Saint John, New Brunswick 
C) Sherbrooke, Quebec 
D) Kelowna, British Columbia
Question
How is the labour force participation rate calculated?  

A) the number of people employed divided by the adult population 
B) the number of people employed divided by the number of people in the labour force 
C) the number of people in the labour force divided by the adult population 
D) the number of people unemployed divided by the number of people in the labour force
Question
What type of unemployment is a professional ski instructor in Canada most likely to experience?  

A) frictional unemployment 
B) structural unemployment 
C) seasonal unemployment 
D) cyclical unemployment
Question
Suppose that Danny, who has a Ph.D.in physics, is employed in a pizza restaurant because that is the only work he can find.In terms of employment, how would Danny be classified?  

A) as a discouraged worker 
B) as underemployed 
C) as NOT in the labour force 
D) as unemployed
Question
Sharon was being treated unfairly by her boss, so she stormed off the job and two weeks later she found another position.What type of unemployment did Sharon experience for those two weeks?  

A) cyclical 
B) structural 
C) seasonal 
D) frictional
Question
Which one of the following categories of workers has a high unemployment rate?  

A) professionals in general 
B) attorneys 
C) technical workers in general 
D) auto workers
Question
Generally, the unemployment rate rises during a contraction.How is the unemployment rate generally affected during an expansion?  

A) It rises. 
B) It falls. 
C) It first rises, and then falls. 
D) It stays the same.
Question
Which of the following people would be classified as unemployed?  

A) a person who wants a job as a fashion model but CANNOT find work in that field 
B) someone who quits a part-time job to attend school full time 
C) someone who gives up looking for a job 
D) a person who works part time and would rather work full time
Question
Juanita earned a B.A.Sc.in engineering and went to work for a defence contractor.When the government cut spending, Juanita and 99 others were laid off.The only other business in the town is a grape-growing firm, but the firm refuses to hire laid-off engineers, knowing they will leave at the first opportunity.What type of unemployment is Juanita experiencing?  

A) cyclical 
B) structural 
C) seasonal 
D) frictional
Question
The only job Justin ever holds is preparing income tax forms at H&R Block from January 2 to April 15 each year.In March, while he is still working, he sends his resume to prospective employers.In March, what would Justin be counted as?  

A) cyclically unemployed 
B) structurally unemployed 
C) frictionally unemployed 
D) part of the labour force
Question
How have the male and female labour force participation rates been affected since World War II?  

A) The rate for males has increased and the rate for females has increased. 
B) The rate for males has decreased and the rate for females has decreased. 
C) The rate for males has increased and the rate for females has decreased. 
D) The rate for males has decreased and the rate for females has increased.
Question
Which of the following characterizes the labour force participation rate for women in Canada?  

A) It has fluctuated substantially both upward and downward since the 1950s. 
B) It has increased significantly since the 1950s. 
C) It has increased only very slightly since the 1950s. 
D) It has stayed the same over the last 30 years.
Question
Which of the following describes the labour force participation rates in Canada since the 1950s?  

A) The rate for men has risen and the rate for women has risen. 
B) The rate for women has fallen and the rate for men has risen. 
C) The rate for men has fallen and the rate for women has increased. 
D) The rate for men has fallen and the rate for women has fallen.
Question
Suppose Kevin, who is an accountant, lost his job in the last recession but gave up looking for work after 12 months of unsuccessful job searching.In terms of employment, how would Kevin be classified?  

A) as a discouraged worker 
B) as underemployed 
C) as employed 
D) as unemployed
Question
Suppose Rita is a recent college graduate who is still looking for her first job.In terms of employment, how would Rita be classified?  

A) as a discouraged worker 
B) as underemployed 
C) as unemployed 
D) as NOT in the labour force
Question
Which of the following best describes what has occurred in Canada's labour force since World War II?  

A) The civilian labour force has decreased. 
B) The number of unemployed persons has decreased. 
C) The number of employed persons has decreased. 
D) The labour force participation rate of women has increased.
Question
Greg recently graduated from law school.Although Greg looked for a job last week, he has NOT found one.Which of the following terms describes Greg?  

A) frictionally unemployed 
B) structurally unemployed 
C) seasonally unemployed 
D) a discouraged worker
Question
Which term refers to workers who are overqualified for their current jobs or can find only part-time work?  

A) unemployed 
B) discouraged workers 
C) NOT in the labour force 
D) underemployed
Question
Which of the following is most likely to reduce structural unemployment?  

A) a reduction in wage rates 
B) increasing efficiency of the job search by providing applicants with better information about local job openings 
C) retraining workers in marketable skills 
D) reducing the cost of job loss through enhanced unemployment compensation
Question
What type of unemployment is the hardest to reduce?  

A) cyclical 
B) structural 
C) voluntary 
D) involuntary
Question
In which of the following industries are workers least likely to suffer from cyclical unemployment?  

A) new home construction 
B) automobile manufacturing 
C) carpet installation 
D) education
Question
What does seasonal unemployment refer to?  

A) unemployment that results from a mismatch of skills 
B) unemployment that results from taking the time to find the best job 
C) unemployment that results from decreases in demand for labour at particular times of the year 
D) unemployment that results from a recession in the economy
Question
What does cyclical unemployment result from?  

A) a mismatch of skills 
B) taking the time to find the best job 
C) seasonal decreases in demand for labour 
D) a recession in the economy
Question
What type of unemployment arises from mismatch of skills?  

A) frictional 
B) structural 
C) seasonal 
D) cyclical
Question
Which of the following is a cause of seasonal unemployment?  

A) people having unrealistic expectations about the availability of employment 
B) people being in the wrong geographical location 
C) people taking a long time to find the best job 
D) firms having decreased demand for labour at certain times of the year
Question
What does structural unemployment result from?  

A) a mismatch of skills 
B) monetary cost and the time it takes to find the best job 
C) seasonal decreases in demand for labour 
D) prolonged declines in business activity
Question
What does structural unemployment refer to?  

A) unemployment that results from being in the wrong geographical location 
B) unemployment that results from taking the time to find the best job 
C) unemployment that results from seasonal decreases in demand for labour 
D) unemployment that results from a recession in the economy
Question
What type of unemployment is most likely to help the economy become more efficient?  

A) cyclical 
B) structural 
C) seasonal 
D) frictional
Question
Jamal lost his job as a shipbuilder.The shipyard closed and never reopened, and so his very specialized skills were no longer in demand.What type of unemployment did Jamal experience?  

A) cyclical 
B) structural 
C) seasonal 
D) frictional
Question
Which type of unemployment is NOT included in Canada's official monthly unemployment figures?  

A) cyclical 
B) structural 
C) seasonal 
D) frictional
Question
Jacqueline, a brilliant new Ph.D.in economics, has turned down many job offers because she hopes eventually to teach at one of the top ten universities in her field.What type of unemployment is she experiencing?  

A) frictional 
B) structural 
C) seasonal 
D) cyclical
Question
Suppose the official unemployment rate increases due to a downturn in the overall economy.What type of unemployment would be responsible for this increase?  

A) seasonal 
B) cyclical 
C) structural 
D) frictional
Question
What is the term for workers who are temporarily unemployed but who normally find jobs quickly?  

A) frictionally unemployed 
B) cyclically unemployed 
C) seasonally unemployed 
D) structurally unemployed
Question
What type of unemployment was experienced by most unemployed workers in Canada during the Great Depression?  

A) cyclical 
B) structural 
C) seasonal 
D) frictional
Question
Suppose Janice is laid off from her office job because new technology has reduced the need for staff to handle customer-service inquiries.What type of unemployment is Janice experiencing?  

A) seasonal 
B) cyclical 
C) structural 
D) frictional
Question
What does cyclical unemployment result from?  

A) a mismatch of skills 
B) monetary cost and the time it takes to find the best job 
C) seasonal decreases in demand for labour 
D) prolonged declines in business activity
Question
Suppose the official unemployment rate in March is higher than the February level because of sluggish sales in the auto industry.What type of unemployment would be responsible for this increase?  

A) seasonal 
B) cyclical 
C) structural 
D) frictional
Question
Suppose the official unemployment rate in January is higher than the December level because the Christmas shopping rush is over.What type of unemployment would be responsible for this increase?  

A) seasonal 
B) cyclical 
C) structural 
D) frictional
Question
The official unemployment rate would be higher if it included the existence of hidden unemployment.Who falls into this category?  

A) people who are on unemployment compensation 
B) people who work part time but prefer full-time work 
C) people who have voluntarily retired 
D) people who are unemployed but are looking for work
Question
Suppose tastes and preferences change.As a result, newspaper journalists are laid off.What type of unemployment would this be classified as?  

A) structural unemployment 
B) frictional unemployment 
C) seasonal unemployment 
D) cyclical unemployment
Question
What type of unemployment is likely to increase the most during a recession?  

A) frictional unemployment 
B) seasonal unemployment 
C) structural unemployment 
D) cyclical unemployment
Question
Suppose unemployment benefits are increased.Which of the following is the most likely outcome of the increase?  

A) An unemployed person will have less incentive to look for work. 
B) The direct cost of being unemployed will increase. 
C) The need to accept the first available job after becoming unemployed will increase. 
D) It will be more difficult for an unemployed person to take a longer time to search for a job most appropriate to his skill level.
Question
What problem with the official unemployment rate is due to the way discouraged workers and part-time employment are measured?  

A) The official unemployment rate overstates the unemployment problem. 
B) The official unemployment rate understates the unemployment problem. 
C) The official unemployment rate overstates the size of the labour force. 
D) The official unemployment rate understates the size of the labour force.
Question
Which of the following is excluded from calculations of the official unemployment rate, leading to the true extent of unemployment being understated?  

A) retired persons 
B) students 
C) people who do NOT want to work 
D) discouraged workers
Question
When the economy is at full employment, what types of unemployment may exist?  

A) seasonal and structural 
B) structural and frictional 
C) seasonal and cyclical 
D) frictional and cyclical
Question
Which of the following is NOT consistent with full employment?  

A) seasonal unemployment 
B) structural unemployment 
C) cyclical unemployment 
D) frictional unemployment
Question
What is the definition of inflation?  

A) a reduction in everyone's standard of living 
B) a rise in the real prices of all goods and services 
C) a general and continuing rise in the money prices of goods and services 
D) a continuing rise in everyone's standard of living
Question
Why is full employment considered a major economic goal?  

A) because specialization is NOT possible without full employment 
B) because growth can occur only when there is full employment 
C) because the opportunity cost of unemployment is lost production 
D) because inflation will be lower when full employment is achieved
Question
Suppose the inflation rate is higher than expected.Which one of the following groups would be most likely to gain?  

A) borrowers 
B) lenders 
C) persons on fixed incomes 
D) workers under contract without a cost-of-living adjustment
Question
Joel just graduated from college and is looking for a job.How would economists classify Joel?  

A) as cyclically unemployed 
B) as structurally unemployed 
C) as seasonally unemployed 
D) as frictionally unemployed
Question
Which of the following is the best example of a frictionally unemployed worker?  

A) a person who is laid off during a recessionary period in the economy 
B) a person who is in the process of voluntarily switching jobs 
C) a person who is discouraged and NOT actively seeking work 
D) a person who CANNOT find a job that matches with his skills
Question
Which of the following factors makes the official unemployment rate an overstatement of the actual level of unemployment in the economy?  

A) exclusion of discouraged workers 
B) inclusion of those working only part time 
C) exclusion of those who work at a family business 
D) inclusion of those who pretend to look for work in order to qualify for welfare programs
Question
Why does the official unemployment rate disguise the extent of the unemployment problem?  

A) because retired persons are NOT counted as unemployed 
B) because full-time students are NOT counted as unemployed 
C) because discouraged workers are counted as unemployed 
D) because people who are overqualified for their current jobs are NOT considered unemployed
Question
Suppose the total population is 150 million, the labour force is 100 million, and 94 million workers are employed.What is the unemployment rate?  

A) 4 percent 
B) 8 percent 
C) 6 percent 
D) 10 percent
Question
Which one of the following people will most likely qualify for unemployment compensation benefits?  

A) a new college graduate who CANNOT find work despite a desperate job search 
B) an unemployed coal miner who has been receiving benefits for the past six months 
C) a former retail clerk who quit her job because the boss was too demanding 
D) a spot welder who has just gotten his layoff notice in the mail after ten years of continuous employment
Question
Which of the following people are considered underemployed?  

A) people who are seasonally unemployed 
B) people who work full time although they would rather work part time 
C) people who work in technically demanding jobs 
D) people who work part time
Question
Under which of the following conditions does full employment exist?  

A) when there is cyclical unemployment, but no frictional, structural, or seasonal unemployment 
B) when the unemployment rate is zero 
C) when everyone in the labour force has a job 
D) when there is no cyclical unemployment, but there is some frictional, structural, and seasonal unemployment
Question
The unemployment rate does NOT measure all unemployed people.Which groups are NOT counted as unemployed in the official unemployment statistics?  

A) the underemployed and the cyclically unemployed 
B) the underemployed and the discouraged workers 
C) the frictionally unemployed and the structurally unemployed 
D) the cyclically unemployed and the frictionally unemployed
Unlock Deck
Sign up to unlock the cards in this deck!
Unlock Deck
Unlock Deck
1/134
auto play flashcards
Play
simple tutorial
Full screen (f)
exit full mode
Deck 7: Unemployment and Inflation
1
Which of the following is a discouraged worker?  

A) one who is underqualified for his current job 
B) one who dislikes his current job but is afraid to quit 
C) one who drops out of the labour force because he CANNOT find a job 
D) one who quits his job because the possibility of advancement is very low
 one who drops out of the labour force because he CANNOT find a job 
2
What is the unemployment rate?  

A) the percentage of people in the economy who do NOT hold jobs 
B) the percentage of the people in the labour force who do NOT have a job. 
C) the number of people in the economy who have given up looking for employment 
D) the number of people in the labour force without jobs
 the percentage of the people in the labour force who do NOT have a job. 
3
Consider an economy made up of 100 people, 60 of whom hold jobs, 10 of whom are looking for work, and 15 of whom are retired.How many people are counted as unemployed?  

A) 10 
B) 15 
C) 40 
D) 90
 10 
4
Which of the following explains the labour force participation rate?  

A) When workers become unemployed, the labour force participation rate declines. 
B) When the unemployed become discouraged workers, the labour force participation rate declines. 
C) When workers are NOT fully using their skills, the labour force participation rate decreases. 
D) Since the 1950s the labour force participation rate of women has decreased in Canada.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
5
Who is included in the civilian labour force?  

A) all people in the economy who are NOT retired 
B) all people in the economy over 15 years old 
C) the adults in the economy between 18 and 65 years old who are able to work 
D) the non-institutionalized population over 15 years old in the economy who hold jobs or are looking for work
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
6
Which of the following people would be classified as a discouraged worker?  

A) a labour force member who has chosen early retirement because he dislikes his work or thinks the pay is too low 
B) a member of the non-institutional population who says he wants to be employed but is NOT searching for a job 
C) a member of the labour force who is looking for a job but CANNOT find one 
D) any member of the population who is NOT working
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
7
Which of the following is NOT a cost of unemployment?  

A) unemployed people who feel emotional or psychological problems 
B) unemployed people whose job skills diminish as time passes 
C) lower production potential 
D) a higher inflation rate
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
8
Consider an economy made up of 100 people, 60 of whom hold jobs, 10 of whom are looking for work, and 15 of whom are retired.How many people are in the labour force?  

A) 30 
B) 60 
C) 70 
D) 85
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
9
Which of the following people would be counted among the unemployed?  

A) a new college graduate who sells newspaper advertising on a part-time basis while looking for other work 
B) a new college graduate who sells newspaper advertising on a full-time basis while looking for other work 
C) a new college graduate who sells newspaper advertising on a part-time basis but is NOT looking for other work 
D) a new college graduate who is NOT qualified for any of the jobs available in his small town
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
10
Which of the following people would be counted in the labour force?  

A) Chou, who lost his job and last looked for work three months ago 
B) Stephanie, who holds a Ph.D. in history, but can find only part-time employment at a fast-food restaurant 
C) Jordan, who would like to work as a stockbroker but is now a househusband 
D) Steffan, who thinks he could easily earn $100,000 per year, despite the opinion of the psychiatrist at the hospital where he is a resident patient
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
11
Which of the following is a criterion in determining which unemployed individuals are included in the official unemployment rate?  

A) The unemployed person has previously held a job. 
B) The unemployed person is actively seeking employment. 
C) The unemployed person must be willing to accept a reasonable job offer. 
D) The unemployed person must be willing to accept any job offer.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
12
Which of the following people would be counted as unemployed?  

A) a completely retired naval officer 
B) a full-time high-school student who does NOT have time for a job 
C) a father of preschool children who does NOT want to work 
D) a downhill ski instructor who looks for work only during the winter
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
13
Suppose U = the number of adults who are unemployed, E = the number of adults who are employed, and NLF = the number of adults NOT in the labour force.Which expression would equal the labour force participation rate?  

A) E/(U + E) 
B) U/(U + E + NLF) 
C) E/(U + E + NLF) 
D) (U + E)/(U + E + NLF)
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
14
Which of the following is NOT a way for a worker to become officially unemployed?  

A) A worker quits his job to look for a better job in another part of the country. 
B) A worker is fired from his job. 
C) A worker begins looking for a job after being out of the labour force for five years. 
D) A worker retires.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
15
When does the unemployment rate increase?  

A) It increases whenever the number of persons classified as unemployed increases. 
B) It increases whenever the number of unemployed increases relative to the size of the labour force. 
C) It increases whenever the size of the labour force decreases. 
D) It increases whenever the size of the labour force decreases and the number of unemployed decreases.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
16
Suppose that top government officials claim that "more people are working now than ever before." What does this mean?  

A) The unemployment rate is lower now than ever before. 
B) The number of unemployed people is lower now than ever before. 
C) The number of people in the labour force is higher now than ever before. 
D) The number of employed people is higher now than ever before.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
17
Which of the following is NOT a cost of unemployment?  

A) unemployed people who feel a loss of self-respect 
B) wasted resources 
C) unemployed people who experience negative psychological effects 
D) higher inflation rates
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
18
Consider an economy with an adult population of 100, 50 of whom hold jobs, 10 of whom are looking for work, and 15 of whom are retired.What is the labour force participation rate?  

A) 10 percent 
B) 40 percent 
C) 50 percent 
D) 60 percent
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
19
Suppose U = the number of adults who are unemployed, E = the number of adults who are employed, and NLF = the number of adults NOT in the labour force.Which expression would equal the unemployment rate?  

A) U/(E + NLF) 
B) U/E 
C) U/(U + E) 
D) U/(E + NLF)
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
20
Suppose the official unemployment rate is 10 percent.Which of the following can be concluded without question?  

A) The same 10 percent of the people in the economy were out of work for the entire year. 
B) One of every ten people in the labour force is currently unemployed. 
C) The same 10 percent of the people in the labour force were out of work for the entire year. 
D) Every person in the labour force was out of work for 10 percent of the year.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
21
What does an unemployment rate decrease mean?  

A) The number of persons classified as unemployed increases. 
B) The number of unemployed decreases relative to the size of the labour force. 
C) The size of the population decreases and the number of persons classified as employed remains the same. 
D) The size of the labour force decreases.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
22
What does frictional unemployment refer to?  

A) unemployment that results from a mismatch of skills 
B) unemployment that results from taking the time to find the best job 
C) unemployment that results from seasonal decreases in demand for labour 
D) unemployment that results from a recession in the economy
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
23
Which metropolitan area in Canada had the lowest unemployment rate in 2015?  

A) Windsor, Ontario 
B) Saint John, New Brunswick 
C) Sherbrooke, Quebec 
D) Kelowna, British Columbia
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
24
How is the labour force participation rate calculated?  

A) the number of people employed divided by the adult population 
B) the number of people employed divided by the number of people in the labour force 
C) the number of people in the labour force divided by the adult population 
D) the number of people unemployed divided by the number of people in the labour force
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
25
What type of unemployment is a professional ski instructor in Canada most likely to experience?  

A) frictional unemployment 
B) structural unemployment 
C) seasonal unemployment 
D) cyclical unemployment
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
26
Suppose that Danny, who has a Ph.D.in physics, is employed in a pizza restaurant because that is the only work he can find.In terms of employment, how would Danny be classified?  

A) as a discouraged worker 
B) as underemployed 
C) as NOT in the labour force 
D) as unemployed
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
27
Sharon was being treated unfairly by her boss, so she stormed off the job and two weeks later she found another position.What type of unemployment did Sharon experience for those two weeks?  

A) cyclical 
B) structural 
C) seasonal 
D) frictional
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
28
Which one of the following categories of workers has a high unemployment rate?  

A) professionals in general 
B) attorneys 
C) technical workers in general 
D) auto workers
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
29
Generally, the unemployment rate rises during a contraction.How is the unemployment rate generally affected during an expansion?  

A) It rises. 
B) It falls. 
C) It first rises, and then falls. 
D) It stays the same.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
30
Which of the following people would be classified as unemployed?  

A) a person who wants a job as a fashion model but CANNOT find work in that field 
B) someone who quits a part-time job to attend school full time 
C) someone who gives up looking for a job 
D) a person who works part time and would rather work full time
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
31
Juanita earned a B.A.Sc.in engineering and went to work for a defence contractor.When the government cut spending, Juanita and 99 others were laid off.The only other business in the town is a grape-growing firm, but the firm refuses to hire laid-off engineers, knowing they will leave at the first opportunity.What type of unemployment is Juanita experiencing?  

A) cyclical 
B) structural 
C) seasonal 
D) frictional
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
32
The only job Justin ever holds is preparing income tax forms at H&R Block from January 2 to April 15 each year.In March, while he is still working, he sends his resume to prospective employers.In March, what would Justin be counted as?  

A) cyclically unemployed 
B) structurally unemployed 
C) frictionally unemployed 
D) part of the labour force
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
33
How have the male and female labour force participation rates been affected since World War II?  

A) The rate for males has increased and the rate for females has increased. 
B) The rate for males has decreased and the rate for females has decreased. 
C) The rate for males has increased and the rate for females has decreased. 
D) The rate for males has decreased and the rate for females has increased.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
34
Which of the following characterizes the labour force participation rate for women in Canada?  

A) It has fluctuated substantially both upward and downward since the 1950s. 
B) It has increased significantly since the 1950s. 
C) It has increased only very slightly since the 1950s. 
D) It has stayed the same over the last 30 years.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
35
Which of the following describes the labour force participation rates in Canada since the 1950s?  

A) The rate for men has risen and the rate for women has risen. 
B) The rate for women has fallen and the rate for men has risen. 
C) The rate for men has fallen and the rate for women has increased. 
D) The rate for men has fallen and the rate for women has fallen.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
36
Suppose Kevin, who is an accountant, lost his job in the last recession but gave up looking for work after 12 months of unsuccessful job searching.In terms of employment, how would Kevin be classified?  

A) as a discouraged worker 
B) as underemployed 
C) as employed 
D) as unemployed
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
37
Suppose Rita is a recent college graduate who is still looking for her first job.In terms of employment, how would Rita be classified?  

A) as a discouraged worker 
B) as underemployed 
C) as unemployed 
D) as NOT in the labour force
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
38
Which of the following best describes what has occurred in Canada's labour force since World War II?  

A) The civilian labour force has decreased. 
B) The number of unemployed persons has decreased. 
C) The number of employed persons has decreased. 
D) The labour force participation rate of women has increased.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
39
Greg recently graduated from law school.Although Greg looked for a job last week, he has NOT found one.Which of the following terms describes Greg?  

A) frictionally unemployed 
B) structurally unemployed 
C) seasonally unemployed 
D) a discouraged worker
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
40
Which term refers to workers who are overqualified for their current jobs or can find only part-time work?  

A) unemployed 
B) discouraged workers 
C) NOT in the labour force 
D) underemployed
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
41
Which of the following is most likely to reduce structural unemployment?  

A) a reduction in wage rates 
B) increasing efficiency of the job search by providing applicants with better information about local job openings 
C) retraining workers in marketable skills 
D) reducing the cost of job loss through enhanced unemployment compensation
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
42
What type of unemployment is the hardest to reduce?  

A) cyclical 
B) structural 
C) voluntary 
D) involuntary
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
43
In which of the following industries are workers least likely to suffer from cyclical unemployment?  

A) new home construction 
B) automobile manufacturing 
C) carpet installation 
D) education
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
44
What does seasonal unemployment refer to?  

A) unemployment that results from a mismatch of skills 
B) unemployment that results from taking the time to find the best job 
C) unemployment that results from decreases in demand for labour at particular times of the year 
D) unemployment that results from a recession in the economy
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
45
What does cyclical unemployment result from?  

A) a mismatch of skills 
B) taking the time to find the best job 
C) seasonal decreases in demand for labour 
D) a recession in the economy
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
46
What type of unemployment arises from mismatch of skills?  

A) frictional 
B) structural 
C) seasonal 
D) cyclical
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
47
Which of the following is a cause of seasonal unemployment?  

A) people having unrealistic expectations about the availability of employment 
B) people being in the wrong geographical location 
C) people taking a long time to find the best job 
D) firms having decreased demand for labour at certain times of the year
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
48
What does structural unemployment result from?  

A) a mismatch of skills 
B) monetary cost and the time it takes to find the best job 
C) seasonal decreases in demand for labour 
D) prolonged declines in business activity
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
49
What does structural unemployment refer to?  

A) unemployment that results from being in the wrong geographical location 
B) unemployment that results from taking the time to find the best job 
C) unemployment that results from seasonal decreases in demand for labour 
D) unemployment that results from a recession in the economy
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
50
What type of unemployment is most likely to help the economy become more efficient?  

A) cyclical 
B) structural 
C) seasonal 
D) frictional
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
51
Jamal lost his job as a shipbuilder.The shipyard closed and never reopened, and so his very specialized skills were no longer in demand.What type of unemployment did Jamal experience?  

A) cyclical 
B) structural 
C) seasonal 
D) frictional
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
52
Which type of unemployment is NOT included in Canada's official monthly unemployment figures?  

A) cyclical 
B) structural 
C) seasonal 
D) frictional
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
53
Jacqueline, a brilliant new Ph.D.in economics, has turned down many job offers because she hopes eventually to teach at one of the top ten universities in her field.What type of unemployment is she experiencing?  

A) frictional 
B) structural 
C) seasonal 
D) cyclical
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
54
Suppose the official unemployment rate increases due to a downturn in the overall economy.What type of unemployment would be responsible for this increase?  

A) seasonal 
B) cyclical 
C) structural 
D) frictional
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
55
What is the term for workers who are temporarily unemployed but who normally find jobs quickly?  

A) frictionally unemployed 
B) cyclically unemployed 
C) seasonally unemployed 
D) structurally unemployed
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
56
What type of unemployment was experienced by most unemployed workers in Canada during the Great Depression?  

A) cyclical 
B) structural 
C) seasonal 
D) frictional
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
57
Suppose Janice is laid off from her office job because new technology has reduced the need for staff to handle customer-service inquiries.What type of unemployment is Janice experiencing?  

A) seasonal 
B) cyclical 
C) structural 
D) frictional
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
58
What does cyclical unemployment result from?  

A) a mismatch of skills 
B) monetary cost and the time it takes to find the best job 
C) seasonal decreases in demand for labour 
D) prolonged declines in business activity
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
59
Suppose the official unemployment rate in March is higher than the February level because of sluggish sales in the auto industry.What type of unemployment would be responsible for this increase?  

A) seasonal 
B) cyclical 
C) structural 
D) frictional
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
60
Suppose the official unemployment rate in January is higher than the December level because the Christmas shopping rush is over.What type of unemployment would be responsible for this increase?  

A) seasonal 
B) cyclical 
C) structural 
D) frictional
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
61
The official unemployment rate would be higher if it included the existence of hidden unemployment.Who falls into this category?  

A) people who are on unemployment compensation 
B) people who work part time but prefer full-time work 
C) people who have voluntarily retired 
D) people who are unemployed but are looking for work
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
62
Suppose tastes and preferences change.As a result, newspaper journalists are laid off.What type of unemployment would this be classified as?  

A) structural unemployment 
B) frictional unemployment 
C) seasonal unemployment 
D) cyclical unemployment
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
63
What type of unemployment is likely to increase the most during a recession?  

A) frictional unemployment 
B) seasonal unemployment 
C) structural unemployment 
D) cyclical unemployment
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
64
Suppose unemployment benefits are increased.Which of the following is the most likely outcome of the increase?  

A) An unemployed person will have less incentive to look for work. 
B) The direct cost of being unemployed will increase. 
C) The need to accept the first available job after becoming unemployed will increase. 
D) It will be more difficult for an unemployed person to take a longer time to search for a job most appropriate to his skill level.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
65
What problem with the official unemployment rate is due to the way discouraged workers and part-time employment are measured?  

A) The official unemployment rate overstates the unemployment problem. 
B) The official unemployment rate understates the unemployment problem. 
C) The official unemployment rate overstates the size of the labour force. 
D) The official unemployment rate understates the size of the labour force.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
66
Which of the following is excluded from calculations of the official unemployment rate, leading to the true extent of unemployment being understated?  

A) retired persons 
B) students 
C) people who do NOT want to work 
D) discouraged workers
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
67
When the economy is at full employment, what types of unemployment may exist?  

A) seasonal and structural 
B) structural and frictional 
C) seasonal and cyclical 
D) frictional and cyclical
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
68
Which of the following is NOT consistent with full employment?  

A) seasonal unemployment 
B) structural unemployment 
C) cyclical unemployment 
D) frictional unemployment
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
69
What is the definition of inflation?  

A) a reduction in everyone's standard of living 
B) a rise in the real prices of all goods and services 
C) a general and continuing rise in the money prices of goods and services 
D) a continuing rise in everyone's standard of living
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
70
Why is full employment considered a major economic goal?  

A) because specialization is NOT possible without full employment 
B) because growth can occur only when there is full employment 
C) because the opportunity cost of unemployment is lost production 
D) because inflation will be lower when full employment is achieved
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
71
Suppose the inflation rate is higher than expected.Which one of the following groups would be most likely to gain?  

A) borrowers 
B) lenders 
C) persons on fixed incomes 
D) workers under contract without a cost-of-living adjustment
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
72
Joel just graduated from college and is looking for a job.How would economists classify Joel?  

A) as cyclically unemployed 
B) as structurally unemployed 
C) as seasonally unemployed 
D) as frictionally unemployed
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
73
Which of the following is the best example of a frictionally unemployed worker?  

A) a person who is laid off during a recessionary period in the economy 
B) a person who is in the process of voluntarily switching jobs 
C) a person who is discouraged and NOT actively seeking work 
D) a person who CANNOT find a job that matches with his skills
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
74
Which of the following factors makes the official unemployment rate an overstatement of the actual level of unemployment in the economy?  

A) exclusion of discouraged workers 
B) inclusion of those working only part time 
C) exclusion of those who work at a family business 
D) inclusion of those who pretend to look for work in order to qualify for welfare programs
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
75
Why does the official unemployment rate disguise the extent of the unemployment problem?  

A) because retired persons are NOT counted as unemployed 
B) because full-time students are NOT counted as unemployed 
C) because discouraged workers are counted as unemployed 
D) because people who are overqualified for their current jobs are NOT considered unemployed
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
76
Suppose the total population is 150 million, the labour force is 100 million, and 94 million workers are employed.What is the unemployment rate?  

A) 4 percent 
B) 8 percent 
C) 6 percent 
D) 10 percent
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
77
Which one of the following people will most likely qualify for unemployment compensation benefits?  

A) a new college graduate who CANNOT find work despite a desperate job search 
B) an unemployed coal miner who has been receiving benefits for the past six months 
C) a former retail clerk who quit her job because the boss was too demanding 
D) a spot welder who has just gotten his layoff notice in the mail after ten years of continuous employment
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
78
Which of the following people are considered underemployed?  

A) people who are seasonally unemployed 
B) people who work full time although they would rather work part time 
C) people who work in technically demanding jobs 
D) people who work part time
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
79
Under which of the following conditions does full employment exist?  

A) when there is cyclical unemployment, but no frictional, structural, or seasonal unemployment 
B) when the unemployment rate is zero 
C) when everyone in the labour force has a job 
D) when there is no cyclical unemployment, but there is some frictional, structural, and seasonal unemployment
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
80
The unemployment rate does NOT measure all unemployed people.Which groups are NOT counted as unemployed in the official unemployment statistics?  

A) the underemployed and the cyclically unemployed 
B) the underemployed and the discouraged workers 
C) the frictionally unemployed and the structurally unemployed 
D) the cyclically unemployed and the frictionally unemployed
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
locked card icon
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 134 flashcards in this deck.