Deck 23: Pest Management

Question 1

​Which group of pesticides,after being applied,would persist in an area the longest? 

A) ​contact insecticides 
B) ​carbamates 
C) ​pyrethroids 
D) ​chlorinated hydrocarbons

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which substance is used to kill rats and mice? 

A) fungicide 
B) insecticide 
C) herbicide 
D) rodenticide

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which statement best describes the persistence and biological magnification of organophosphates relative to chlorinated hydrocarbons? 

A) Organophosphates are less persistent and more biologically magnified. 
B) Organophosphates are more persistent and more biologically magnified. 
C) Organophosphates are more persistent and less biologically magnified. 
D) Organophosphates are less persistent and less biologically magnified.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which term refers to the progressive adaptation made in predator and prey species as a result of their dynamic interactions? 

A) co-evolution 
B) creative selection 
C) natural selection 
D) evolution

Question 5

Which statement best defines a pest? 

A) It is an organism that is immune to pesticides. 
B) It is an organism that feeds primarily on spiders. 
C) It is an organism that controls the spread of disease. 
D) It is an organism that interferes with human activity.

Question 6

​Which characteristic is more likely to be associated with chlorinated hydrocarbons than with organophosphates and carbamates? 

A) ​magnification in the food chain 
B) ​contamination of surface water 
C) ​rapid degradation in the environment 
D) ​poisoning of organisms other than the targeted pests

Question 7

​Which ingredients are included in major types of herbicides? 

A) ​soil inhibitors 
B) ​carbamates and pyrethroids 
C) ​contact and systemic chemicals 
D) ​chlorinated hydrocarbons

Question 8

How many pesticide products are registered in Canada? 

A) about 1 800 
B) about 2 400 
C) about 3 600 
D) about 6 000

Question 9

Which category do atrazine and paraquat belong to? 

A) rotenoids 
B) pyrethroids 
C) contact herbicides 
D) systemic herbicides

Question 10

Which category do maneb and aldicarb belong to? 

A) contact insecticides 
B) pyrethroids 
C) carbamates 
D) chlorinated hydrocarbons

Question 11

Which mechanism is most likely to control populations of species in a diverse ecosystem? 

A) predators 
B) disease organisms 
C) pesticides 
D) parasites

Question 12

Which category do rotenone and pyrethrum belong to? 

A) chlorinated hydrocarbons 
B) carbamates 
C) soil sterilants 
D) botanicals

Question 13

Which substance is used to kill weeds? 

A) fungicide 
B) herbicide 
C) insecticide 
D) rodenticide

Question 14

Which category do aldrin,dieldrin,endrin,lindane,DDT,and mirex belong to? 

A) pyrethroids 
B) carbamates 
C) chlorinated hydrocarbons 
D) organophosphates

Question 15

Which type of organism is killed by pesticides? 

A) birds 
B) fungi 
C) humans 
D) mammals

Question 16

Which category do malathion and parathion belong to? 

A) systemic insecticides 
B) chlorinated hydrocarbons 
C) organophosphates 
D) pyrethroids

Question 17

​Which category do aldrin,dieldrin,endrin,lindane,DDT,and mirex belong to? 

A) ​pyrethroids 
B) ​carbamates 
C) ​chlorinated hydrocarbons 
D) ​organophosphates

Question 18

Which of the following is included in the category of first-generation pesticides? 

A) catechin 
B) rotenone 
C) DDT 
D) chlorinated hydrocarbons

Question 19

What is the source of the pesticide pyrethrum? 

A) red peppers 
B) marigolds 
C) chrysanthemums 
D) tomatoes

Question 20

Which of the following is a major class of insecticides? 

A) carbamates 
B) bromated hydrocarbons 
C) organicals 
D) biocontrols

Question 21

What is the most serious drawback to using chemicals to control pests? 

A) the potential toxicity of handling the chemicals 
B) the persistence of the chemicals in nature 
C) the associated killing of non-target species 
D) the development of genetic resistance in the pests

Question 22

What is more likely to become biologically magnified in a food chain? 

A) DDT 
B) parathion 
C) malathion 
D) carbaryl

Question 23

Which approach would be the most effective in deterring crop damage due to insects? 

A) planting barrier hedges around agricultural fields 
B) crop rotation 
C) delay planting 
D) planting monocultures

Question 24

Which statement best describes the ideal pesticide? 

A) It would kill only the target pest. 
B) It would be persistent. 
C) It would allow the development of genetic resistance. 
D) It would be of equal value to the damage the pest would have caused.

Question 25

Which substance is a biopesticide? 

A) bacillus thuringensis 
B) DDT 
C) carbamates 
D) organophosphates

Question 26

Which component of a simple aquatic food chain would have incurred the highest concentration of DDT several months after the occurrence of a DDT spill? 

A) birds that feed on large fish 
B) large fish 
C) phytoplankton 
D) minnows

Question 27

What percentage of the insecticides applied to crops by aerial spraying actually reaches the target pests? 

A) about 50% 
B) about 25% 
C) about 10% 
D) about 1%

Question 28

Which of the following strategies reduces the threat of pesticides being present in human food? 

A) Scrub fruits and vegetables in soapy water. 
B) Cook the food. 
C) Eat more fresh foods than processed foods. 
D) Use imported food whenever possible.

Question 29

Which condition may have a link to long-term exposure to low levels of pesticides? 

A) measles 
B) baldness 
C) extreme growth spurts 
D) genetic mutations

Question 30

Which approach involves the use of a combined ecological approach to control pests? 

A) the IPM approach 
B) the EPA approach 
C) the WBO approach 
D) the IMP approach

Question 31

What is one advantage of biological control? 

A) It is toxic to nontarget species. 
B) It maximizes genetic resistance. 
C) It saves money in the long term compared to the use of pesticides. 
D) It requires little research and development.

Question 32

What is the target of insect control using sterilization? 

A) the insect larvae 
B) the insect eggs 
C) the adult male insects 
D) the adult female insects

Question 33

Which jurisdictional level regulates pesticides in Canada through the PMRA (Pest Management Regulatory Agency)? 

A) the regional level 
B) the federal level 
C) the provincial level 
D) the municipal level

Question 34

Which of the following has a potential link to pesticides? 

A) malnutrition 
B) viral infections 
C) nervous system disorders 
D) colour blindness

Question 35

Which of the following is involved in the pesticide treadmill? 

A) weaker doses of pesticides 
B) lower quantities of pesticides 
C) lower effectiveness of pesticides 
D) less frequent doses of pesticides

Question 36

Which of the following characterizes biological control? 

A) It has effects only on animals and is almost totally ineffective against weedy plants. 
B) It is often self-perpetuating once established. 
C) It is not target-specific. 
D) It is more expensive than using pesticides.

Question 37

Why are farm workers in developing countries especially vulnerable to pesticide poisoning? 

A) The workers tend to lack suitable training and protective equipment. 
B) There are more pests that require pesticide spraying. 
C) The climate makes pesticides more persistent than when they are applied in developed countries. 
D) The workers are in a gene pool that makes them particularly susceptible to the effects of pesticides.

Question 38

​What is characteristic of chlorinated hydrocarbons? 

A) ​They degrade faster than other organic pesticides. 
B) ​They are likely to be target specific. 
C) ​They can be biologically magnified. 
D) ​They are more toxic than other organic pesticides.

Question 39

Which of the following would NOT help to encourage the growth of Integrated Pest Management (IPM)? 

A) Farms using IPM could be recognized by an EcoLogo label. 
B) Governments could continue to subsidize chemical pesticides. 
C) Governments could set up demonstration fields, or entire farms, that demonstrate the success of IPM. 
D) There could be special crop insurance, tax breaks, and other incentives for farmers using IPM.

Question 40

What percentage of herbicides applied to crops actually reach the target weeds? 

A) about 50% 
B) about 25% 
C) about 5% 
D) about 1%

Question 41

Which of the following characterizes integrated pest management compared to the use of pesticides alone? 

A) Integrated pest management is more expensive than using pesticides. 
B) Integrated pest management achieves results sooner than by using pesticides. 
C) Integrated pest management requires more expert knowledge about individual pest-crop situations than using pesticides. 
D) Integrated pest management is less expensive than using pesticides.

Question 42

What is one outcome of an integrated pest management program? 

A) It can increase pesticide use. 
B) It can increase inputs of fertilizer and irrigation water. 
C) It can reduce pre-harvest, pest-induced crop losses by 50%. 
D) It can decrease yields and increase costs.

Question 43

An ideal pesticide would affect only the target organism.

Question 44

Which statement characterizes pheromones? 

A) They target a wide range of species. 
B) They cause pests to develop rapid genetic resistance. 
C) They are cheap to produce. 
D) They are effective in trace amounts.

Question 45

Which statement best defines a hormone? 

A) It is a new form of chemical insecticide waiting approval by FIFRA. 
B) It is a chemical that travels in the bloodstream and controls an organism's growth and development. 
C) It is a strong herbicide used to improve growth and development 
D) It is a species-specific chemical sex attractant.

Question 46

Herbicides based on glyphosate are effective against target plants without harming MOST animals.

Question 47

Which method was used to control insect pests in alfalfa and potato fields,and in citrus groves in Florida? 

A) spraying pests with insect hormones 
B) spraying pests with insect pheromones 
C) applying biological pest control 
D) spraying pests with hot water

Question 48

What is one drawback of using pheromones? 

A) They are biologically magnified in nontarget species. 
B) Insects develop resistance to pheromones. 
C) They are more effective in the juvenile stage than the adult stage. 
D) They are costly and time-consuming to produce in the laboratory.

Question 49

Whether or not an organism is considered a pest is largely subjective.

Question 50

Spiders kill more insects each year than insecticides do.

Question 51

Botanicals and carbamates are classified as herbicides.

Question 52

Synthetic pesticides have saved lives and increased food supplies.

Question 53

Which program is involved with integrated pest management? 

A) ecological programs 
B) mathematical programs 
C) engineering programs 
D) architectural programs

Question 54

An ideal pesticide would likely cause genetic resistance in the target organism.

Question 55

The major problem with the widespread use of synthetic pesticides is that they accelerate genetic resistance of the pests to the chemicals.

Question 56

Despite the fact that some species are genetically resistant,DDT still does an excellent job of killing insect pests.

Question 57

Which of the following statements is correct about mountain pine beetles? 

A) They are medium-size brown bark beetles that are devastating pine forests in the Appalachian Mountains of Quebec and Labrador. 
B) They are small dark-coloured native bark beetles that are currently infesting, damaging and destroying pine trees in western Canada. 
C) They are red-and-white pine beetles, originally native to China, that are attacking high-altitude pines in southern British Columbia. 
D) They are an invasive species of beetle, originally from cool high-altitude pine forests of the U.S., that have crossed the border into Canada and started infesting our cool-temperature northern pine forests.

Question 58

DDT was the first of the so-called second-generation pesticides.

Question 59

Spiders are used to help control the spruce budworm.

Question 60

Which of the following characterizes pheromones? 

A) Insect pheromones can be synthesized in the laboratory. 
B) When applied at certain times during the life cycle, insect pheromones cause developmental abnormalities. 
C) Insect development and metamorphosis are controlled by pheromones. 
D) Each step in the life cycle of a typical insect is controlled by pheromones.

Question 61

Rotenone is a type of insecticide called a ____________________.

Question 62

Integrated pest management is an ecological approach to controlling insects.

Question 63

Of pesticides applied to crops by aerial spraying,only about 1% actually reach the target pest.

Question 64

Sex attractants do not help control insect pests.

Question 65

In natural ecosystems,______________________________ control the populations of about 98% of the potential pest species.

Question 66

Hormones can be used to disrupt an insect's normal life cycle.

Question 67

Another strategy to help combat insect pests is to use insect birth control.

Question 68

Biological controls include ladybugs,parasitic wasps,and spiders.

Question 69

Genetic engineering is not presently feasible for speeding up development of pest-resistant and disease-resistant crop strains.

Question 70

Municipalities in Canada have control over the use of chemical pesticides.

Question 71

Rodenticides are used to kill ____________________.

Question 72

Hot water can be used to control some insect pests.

Question 73

In terms of types of pesticides,carbon tetrachloride and methyl bromide are classified as ____________________.

Question 74

________________________________________ were mainly natural chemicals or botanicals obtained from plants.

Question 75

Malaria is carried by the ____________________ mosquito.

Question 76

Fungicides are used to kill ____________________.

Question 77

Since 1945,about 1000 insect species have become genetically resistant to one or more widely used pesticides.

Question 78

about ____________________ % of all insects might be considered pests.

Question 79

In terms of types of pesticides,atrazine,and simazine are classified as ____________________.

Question 80

A species that competes with people for food,invades lawns,or is a nuisance,for example,is considered to be a(n)_______________________.