Deck 4: Plate Tectonics

Question 1

According to Wegener's model,what evidence,left by glaciers,supports the existence of Pangaea?

A)striations
B)glacial lakes
C)fossils
D)soil deposits
E)ice

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT early evidence of continental drift?

A)glacial deposits and striations
B)aligning of mountain belts
C)shapes and ages of continents match
D)seafloor spreading
E)matching fossils

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The plates 'floating' on the asthenosphere is a condition called _____,which is similar to wood floating on water.

A)sea floor spreading
B)isostasy
C)polarity
D)convergence
E)conduction

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which type of plate boundary results from two or more plates coming together?

A)convergent
B)divergent
C)transform
D)hot spot
E)ridge

Question 5

The phenomenon of the Earth's magnetic pole being in different locations in the past is known as _______.

A)convection
B)sea floor spreading
C)normal polarity
D)reverse polarity
E)apparent polar wandering

Question 6

In the diagram below,which two are the best examples of the "puzzle-piece" argument?

A)North America - South America
B)North America - Africa
C)South America - Eurasia
D)Eurasia - Africa
E)South America - Africa

Question 7

Which of the following terms best describes the rocky outer layer of the Earth?

A)asthenosphere
B)biosphere
C)atmosphere
D)lithosphere
E)hydrosphere

Question 8

According to the diagram below,which of the following is the largest plate?

A)Pacific
B)Cocos
C)Nazca
D)South American
E)Eurasian

Question 9

What term best describes the driving force behind plate tectonics?

A)expansion
B)convergence
C)convection
D)divergence
E)transformation

Question 10

According to the figure below,which of the following types of plate boundaries produce the deepest earthquakes?

A)transform fault boundary
B)divergent boundary
C)continental collision boundary
D)subduction zone boundary
E)all the same

Question 11

In the figure below,how many magnetic reversals occurred between 2.0 and 1.5 million years ago?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)0

Question 12

What is the depth of this newly forming Hawaiian island,Loihi?

A)about 1000m
B)about 2000m
C)about 3000m
D)about 4000m
E)it is at the surface

Question 13

In the figure below,what is the approximate age of the sea floor off the north coast of Spain?

A)younger than 9.6 million years
B)9)6 - 33.0 million years
C)33.0 - 83.0 million years
D)83.0 - 141.9 million years
E)older than 141.9 million years

Question 14

According to the diagram below,which of the following plates is all oceanic crust?

A)North American
B)African
C)Nasca
D)South American
E)Eurasian

Question 15

The idea proposed by Alfred Wegener to explain the continental shapes and positions is known as _____.

A)Pangaea
B)plate tectonics
C)continental drift
D)rift valley
E)sea floor spreading

Question 16

What was the name of the floral fossils Wegener used to support his idea of continental drift?

A)Mesosaurus
B)trilobites
C)Glossopteris
D)Pseudoschwagerina
E)Quercus

Question 17

According to the figure below,most of eastern Brazil is approximately how old?

A)older than 500 million years
B)about 550 million years
C)younger than 550 million years
D)older than 1 billion
E)none of the above

Question 18

According to the figure below,in which of the following types of plate boundaries "new" seafloor is being produced?

A)transform fault boundary
B)divergent boundary
C)continental collision boundary
D)subduction zone boundary
E)all the same

Question 19

Which of the following locations is the best example of continental crust colliding with continental crust?

A)Himalayas
B)Java
C)Hawaii
D)Aleutian Islands
E)Iceland

Question 20

In the figure below,how many magnetic reversals occurred between 1.5 million years and present?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)6

Question 21

Global positioning systems (GPS)are a reliable way to measure plate movements.

Question 22

As rocks cool,they become denser and sink.

Question 23

In the northern part of Pangaea,mountain ranges tend to match up in North America and Europe.

Question 24

The Himalayas are a good example of oceanic-continental collision.

Question 25

The Red Sea and East Africa are good examples of divergent plate boundaries.

Question 26

Paleomagnetic data provide evidence for the geographic position of continents in the past.

Question 27

The Andes Mountains are a good example of oceanic-oceanic collision.

Question 28

Rocks closer to the spreading centers in the oceans are older than the rocks farther away from the spreading center.

Question 29

The Mid-Ocean Ridge is the deepest part of the Atlantic Ocean.

Question 30

Evidence left by glaciers was used to support the theory of plate tectonics.

Question 31

The process of conduction involves a gradual transfer of energy from atom to atom.

Question 32

Pangaea is the name of the supercontinent proposed by Harry Hess.

Question 33

Obduction is the processes where one plate slides under another.

Question 34

Wegener was the first scientist to notice the close fit between the continents of Africa and South America.

Question 35

According to the figure below,the island of Molokai was probably over the hot spot approximately how many million years ago?

A)0)8
B)1)0
C)1)30
D)2)9
E)3)2

Question 36

A hypothesis is a scientific theory that has been tested.

Question 37

According to Wegener's work,Glossopteris thrived in a warm environment.

Question 38

The area of the Earth's interior where rocks start to melt is known as the asthenosphere.

Question 39

The magnetic stripes on the opposite sides of the central rift valley are mirror images and,as such,can be used as good indicators of age.

Question 40

The Hawaiian Islands are a result of the Pacific Plate passing over a hot spot.

Question 41

The reptilian fossils that Wegener used to help prove his ideas about continental drift are known as _______.

Question 42

The exact point where an earthquake occurs below the surface is the _______.

Question 43

In South America,most of the glacial striations observed on the rocks are oriented _______.

Question 44

Rocks that are _______ rise at the ridges,and rocks that are cold tend to sink as they travel away from the ridge.

Question 45

The new volcano that is currently forming off the coast of Hawaii is known as _______.

Question 46

The process by which the ocean floor separates and moves in opposite directions is known as _______.

Question 47

The volcano in Hawaii that has been erupting constantly since 1983 is _______.

Question 48

The rate at which plates move apart is approximately 1 to 10 cm/year.

Question 49

Hawaii and Yellowstone sit over 'hot spots' known as _______.

Question 50

The sloping land at the edge of the continent is called the _______.

Question 51

According to the figure below,the Caledonides in Scotland and Scandinavia are also part of the _______ in North America.

Question 52

The recoverable data that provide indications to the past latitudes of continents is known as _______.

Question 53

The transform plate margin found in the western United States is characterized by the _______ fault.

Question 54

The rocky,outermost part of the Earth,comprising the upper part of the mantle and the crust,is known as the _______.

Question 55

Earthquakes vary in depth of occurrence.The deepest earthquakes occur at about _______.

Question 56

The point on the surface directly above an earthquake occurrence is called the _______.

Question 57

The deep,flat ocean floor is known as the _______.

Question 58

A hypothesis develops into a theory if it is repeatedly proven through further testing.

Question 59

In the figure below,the north magnetic pole for North America 200 million years ago was located in modern day _______.

Question 60

The slow and gentle process in which Earth releases heat is known as _______.

Question 61

How do paleomagnetic stripes on the sea-floor support sea-floor spreading?

Question 62

The process of one plate diving under another plate is known as _______.

Question 63

According to the diagram below,how do the GPS measurements of plate movements in the west-central United States compare with the plate movements in the southern California area?

Question 64

How do the glacial deposits observed by Wegener support his idea of continental drift?

Question 65

How did the presence of Glossopteris fossils support Wegener's idea of continental drift?

Question 66

What is a plate and how does it relate to isostasy?

Question 67

How does a convergent plate boundary differ from a divergent plate boundary?

Question 68

Why are volcanoes not present with all types of plate boundaries?

Question 69

Describe the Plate Tectonic model.

Question 70

How does the global distribution of earthquakes relate to the plate boundaries?

Question 71

Why is the area where the ocean meets the land not necessarily the edge of the continent?

Question 72

The _______ plate is located off of Vancouver Island and is currently separating from the Pacific Plate.

Question 73

Describe the lines of evidence Wegener used to reconstruct Pangaea.

Question 74

Why are the depths of earthquake foci relatively shallow when associated with transform plate boundaries?