Deck 1: The Collision of Cultures in the 16th Century

Question 1

Columbus was looking for a shorter and safer route to India.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Which statement best describes pre-contact Native Americans living in the Western Hemisphere?

A)All Native peoples were remarkably similar.
B)All Native peoples were hunter-gatherers.
C)Ancient Indians practiced nature-centered religions.
D)Ancient Indians shared dozens of different languages.
E)No Native peoples built towns.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The Dutch became Spain's greatest allies in their fight against the Protestant English.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Before the arrival of the Europeans,the horse was an important part of every New World culture.

Question 5

Martin Luther's new religion enjoyed a great deal of early popularity in Germany.

Question 6

Which of the following forces was the least important in driving European exploration of the Western Hemisphere in the 15th century?

A)More accurate navigation techniques
B)The rise of modern nation-states
C)The decline of feudalism in Europe
D)Chinese conquerors threatening Europe from China
E)The development of more powerful weapons

Question 7

Spain left little cultural imprint on its former possessions in what is now the United States.

Question 8

Which of the following statements describe the Eastern Woodlands people?

A)They often lived along rivers.
B)They included Algonquian speakers.
C)They included Iroquoian speakers.
D)They included Muskogean speakers.
E)All of these.

Question 9

The Natives of what is now Arizona,Nevada,New Mexico,and Utah

A)lived in longhouses.
B)lived in pueblos.
C)lived in massive urban centers.
D)lived in nomadic tribes.
E)were not yet farmers.

Question 10

Native tribes ______________ before Europeans arrived.

A)commonly fought amongst themselves
B)lived peacefully together
C)did not farm
D)were monotheistic
E)were few in number

Question 11

Smallpox was the deadliest disease the Europeans unleashed among the Indians.

Question 12

The marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella united Spain.

Question 13

The defeat of the Spanish Armada encouraged the English to embark upon New World colonization.

Question 14

The presence of horses greatly disrupted the ecology of the Great Plains.

Question 15

The Pueblo Revolt of 1598 permanently expelled the Spaniards from New Mexico.

Question 16

The New World was named for the Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci.

Question 17

The diversity of native populations in the New World can be illustrated by the more than 300 languages that they spoke.

Question 18

Early Indian civilizations considered land and people sacred and did not make war or exploit the environment.

Question 19

Cahokia

A)was a small fishing village of a few hundred people.
B)was a well-developed trade center near present-day St.Louis.
C)was a military stronghold.
D)was destroyed by Europeans.
E)was founded by the Adena-Hopewell culture.

Question 20

In the Pacific Northwest,Indians

A)were dedicated farmers.
B)were very similar to the Mississippian peoples.
C)lived in peace with each other.
D)were divided into chiefs,commoners,and slaves.
E)did not know how to fish.

Question 21

Why were Hernán Cortés's conquistadors effective in Mexico?

A)Their financial success was tied directly to the natives' defeat.
B)Cortes made sure that desertion was not an option for his fighters.
C)They had technological advantages such as steel swords.
D)Cortes was a gifted military leader.
E)All of these.

Question 22

The most devastating European disease that the Aztecs contracted from Cortés's men was

A)chicken pox.
B)malaria.
C)smallpox.
D)measles.
E)diphtheria.

Question 23

The best description of the encomienda is

A)a large farm or ranch used by the Spanish in California.
B)a religious institution for assimilation created by the Catholic Church.
C)a Spanish economic system used to control African slaves.
D)a socioeconomic system that gave control of Indian villages to favored Spanish soldiers.
E)none of these.

Question 24

In the American Southwest,the Spanish policy was to

A)use missionaries to assimilate the natives.
B)allow the native peoples to keep their land.
C)follow a policy of religious toleration.
D)mine for silver and gold and ignore agriculture.
E)ignore this area entirely.

Question 25

The dominant religion in Europe in the 15th century was

A)Lutheranism.
B)Methodism.
C)Calvinism.
D)Catholicism.
E)none of these.

Question 26

Which of the following was NOT a result of the European revival in trade after the Middle Ages?

A)The push for exploration
B)An increase in commerce
C)An increase in the power of the nobility
D)The formation of nation-states
E)The Protestant Reformation

Question 27

Perhaps the greatest cultural advantage enjoyed by the Spanish over the native peoples was

A)bronze weaponry.
B)horses.
C)cannons.
D)cargo ships.
E)better maps.

Question 28

As a result of the Columbian Exchange,

A)new languages were created.
B)new religious beliefs appeared.
C)people adopted new ways of dressing.
D)people's taste in food began to change.
E)all of these occurred.

Question 29

In what crucial way did Europeans benefit from the Columbian Exchange?

A)European food prices rose because of Western imports.
B)There were no longer starving people in Europe because of these new foods.
C)New crops like corn and potatoes helped Europe's population to grow.
D)Native crops always commanded higher prices than traditional European crops.
E)Europeans now had coffee,rice,and wheat to eat.

Question 30

The biological exchange caused

A)Europeans to become more accepting of native religions.
B)Europeans to adopt native medicine.
C)the Spanish to leave the Americas.
D)so many native deaths the Spanish switched to African slaves.
E)all of these.

Question 31

Which of the following statements is most accurate?

A)Europeans and Native Americans were less different than their crops were.
B)Europeans and Native Americans had nothing in common.
C)No important crops were transplanted from the Americas to Europe.
D)No significant European animals were adopted by Native Americans.
E)Too many Native American crops were poisonous to Europeans to be helpful.

Question 32

On the eve of first contact between the "Old" and "New" Worlds,the most powerful empire in the world was

A)France.
B)England.
C)Spain.
D)The Netherlands.
E)Portugal.

Question 33

The statement that best describes the Columbian Exchange is

A)that Europeans brought new technology and science to native peoples.
B)that native peoples gave new animals and plants to Europeans.
C)that plants and animals were shared between natives and Europeans.
D)that animals,plants,people,and cultures were exchanged between natives and Europeans.
E)that disease was the only thing exchanged.

Question 34

_________________ played the most decisive role in helping Europeans gain control of native peoples.

A)Disease
B)Starvation
C)Tribal rivalries
D)Religion
E)Language

Question 35

The most devastating aspect of this biological exchange was

A)the transmission of new diseases to Europeans.
B)the transmission of European diseases to Native Americans.
C)the rise in European food prices.
D)the rise in native food prices.
E)none of these.

Question 36

Europeans came to the Americas

A)looking for land to acquire.
B)in search of gold.
C)to expand the influence of their home nations.
D)to spread their religious beliefs.
E)all of these

Question 37

Who were the main participants in the Columbian Exchange?

A)Spanish,English,and Native Americans
B)Native Americans,Spanish,and Africans
C)Europeans,Natives,and Africans
D)English,Africans,and Native Americans
E)None of these

Question 38

What was most important crop to spread from the Americas to Europe as a result of Spanish colonization?

A)Wheat
B)Corn
C)Rice
D)Potato
E)Indigo

Question 39

The outbreak of the Protestant Reformation in 1517

A)increased tension between Europe's nation-states and accelerated the pace of exploration.
B)had no impact on the course of early American history.
C)led to religious unity throughout Europe.
D)spread slowly across Europe.
E)ended Catholicism in Spain.

Question 40

Christopher Columbus's first concern when meeting Native peoples was

A)their spiritual welfare.
B)whether or not they had gold.
C)their scientific knowledge.
D)their style of leadership.
E)their physical safety.

Question 41

Spanish colonizers

A)always had enough workers to meet their labor needs.
B)never considered using natives as slaves.
C)believed natives to be their equals.
D)compelled first native peoples,then Africans,to do much of their labor.
E)always compensated native workers fairly.

Question 42

Explain the origins of the American Indians and compare the general cultures that they developed in South,North,and Central America.

Question 43

MATCHING
Match each person with one of these descriptions.
a.Conquered the Incan Empire
b.Sought the fountain of youth in Florida
c.Was stoned to death by his own people
d.Captained the Santa Maria
e.Led the first French effort to colonize the New World
f.Was the Spanish ruler in New Mexico
g.Ordered the beheading of Mary,Queen of Scots
h.Led an army of 800 into Mexico in 1519
i.Was Queen Elizabeth's greatest foreign rival
Jacques Cartier

Question 44

Describe the development of Spanish rule over its territory in America.

Question 45

Discuss the various factors that led to the Age of Exploration that prompted and promoted the exploration and settlement of the New World.

Question 46

Which statement best describes the consequences of Spanish colonization in the Americas?

A)Overall,Native Americans lives were better because of Spanish colonization.
B)Native Americans were exploited,enslaved,and exterminated by the Spanish.
C)The Spanish aided the natives as often as they could.
D)The natives looked to the Spanish to make their lives better.
E)The Spanish always valued input from the natives.

Question 47

Discuss the biological exchange between the Old and New Worlds.Examine how plants,animals,and disease shaped both the Old and New Worlds.

Question 48

Describe the various challenges to the Spanish Empire.

Question 49

MATCHING
Match each person with one of these descriptions.
a.Conquered the Incan Empire
b.Sought the fountain of youth in Florida
c.Was stoned to death by his own people
d.Captained the Santa Maria
e.Led the first French effort to colonize the New World
f.Was the Spanish ruler in New Mexico
g.Ordered the beheading of Mary,Queen of Scots
h.Led an army of 800 into Mexico in 1519
i.Was Queen Elizabeth's greatest foreign rival
Queen Elizabeth

Question 50

MATCHING
Match each person with one of these descriptions.
a.Conquered the Incan Empire
b.Sought the fountain of youth in Florida
c.Was stoned to death by his own people
d.Captained the Santa Maria
e.Led the first French effort to colonize the New World
f.Was the Spanish ruler in New Mexico
g.Ordered the beheading of Mary,Queen of Scots
h.Led an army of 800 into Mexico in 1519
i.Was Queen Elizabeth's greatest foreign rival
Philip II

Question 51

New Spain was

A)never profitable for the Spanish.
B)characterized by racial equality.
C)modeled on already existing English colonies.
D)a Protestant stronghold in the Americas.
E)an economic success for later European settlers.

Question 52

Which of these statements describes Spanish success in the Americas?

A)It encouraged other European nations,like England,to explore there as well.
B)It was short term.
C)It never extended beyond Mexico.
D)It was limited to gold mining only.
E)None of the above.

Question 53

MATCHING
Match each person with one of these descriptions.
a.Conquered the Incan Empire
b.Sought the fountain of youth in Florida
c.Was stoned to death by his own people
d.Captained the Santa Maria
e.Led the first French effort to colonize the New World
f.Was the Spanish ruler in New Mexico
g.Ordered the beheading of Mary,Queen of Scots
h.Led an army of 800 into Mexico in 1519
i.Was Queen Elizabeth's greatest foreign rival
Christopher Columbus

Question 54

With the defeat of the Spanish Armada

A)Portugal became the dominant power in the Americas.
B)the native peoples were now independent once more.
C)England could now begin colonizing America.
D)Catholicism ended in the Americas.
E)Europe's wool market collapsed.

Question 55

Native peoples in the Americas

A)were only exploited by the Spanish colonizers.
B)must be seen as victims of the Spanish.
C)were less affected by new diseases than historians once imagined.
D)were active participants in the creation of a new society.
E)thrived as a result of contact with the Spanish.

Question 56

The title of this chapter is "The Collision of Cultures." In what ways is this phrase an accurate assessment of the early relationship between the Old World and the New World?

Question 57

Discuss the voyages of Columbus.What motivated him,and what did he accomplish on each trip? How did his men treat the natives they encountered?

Question 58

MATCHING
Match each person with one of these descriptions.
a.Conquered the Incan Empire
b.Sought the fountain of youth in Florida
c.Was stoned to death by his own people
d.Captained the Santa Maria
e.Led the first French effort to colonize the New World
f.Was the Spanish ruler in New Mexico
g.Ordered the beheading of Mary,Queen of Scots
h.Led an army of 800 into Mexico in 1519
i.Was Queen Elizabeth's greatest foreign rival
Ponce de León

Question 59

MATCHING
Match each person with one of these descriptions.
a.Conquered the Incan Empire
b.Sought the fountain of youth in Florida
c.Was stoned to death by his own people
d.Captained the Santa Maria
e.Led the first French effort to colonize the New World
f.Was the Spanish ruler in New Mexico
g.Ordered the beheading of Mary,Queen of Scots
h.Led an army of 800 into Mexico in 1519
i.Was Queen Elizabeth's greatest foreign rival
Montezuma

Question 60

MATCHING
Match each person with one of these descriptions.
a.Conquered the Incan Empire
b.Sought the fountain of youth in Florida
c.Was stoned to death by his own people
d.Captained the Santa Maria
e.Led the first French effort to colonize the New World
f.Was the Spanish ruler in New Mexico
g.Ordered the beheading of Mary,Queen of Scots
h.Led an army of 800 into Mexico in 1519
i.Was Queen Elizabeth's greatest foreign rival
Cortés

Question 61

MATCHING
Match each person with one of these descriptions.
a.Conquered the Incan Empire
b.Sought the fountain of youth in Florida
c.Was stoned to death by his own people
d.Captained the Santa Maria
e.Led the first French effort to colonize the New World
f.Was the Spanish ruler in New Mexico
g.Ordered the beheading of Mary,Queen of Scots
h.Led an army of 800 into Mexico in 1519
i.Was Queen Elizabeth's greatest foreign rival
Francisco Pizarro

Question 62

MATCHING
Match each person with one of these descriptions.
a.Conquered the Incan Empire
b.Sought the fountain of youth in Florida
c.Was stoned to death by his own people
d.Captained the Santa Maria
e.Led the first French effort to colonize the New World
f.Was the Spanish ruler in New Mexico
g.Ordered the beheading of Mary,Queen of Scots
h.Led an army of 800 into Mexico in 1519
i.Was Queen Elizabeth's greatest foreign rival
Juan de Oñate