Deck 10: Ethnic Relations and Race

Question 1

Which of the following would be most likely to be classified as a member of a minority group?

A)a Chinese man
B)a white person with northern European ancestry
C)a French-Canadian man
D)a man from France

Answer 1

A

Question 2

According to the functionalist perspective,what does assimilation accomplish in society?

A)It helps maintain order.
B)It provides a basis of hierarchal ranking.
C)It allows for diversity.
D)It disrupts established class boundaries.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

When has racism been prevalent in Canada?

A)only in times of economic decline and recession
B)since the country was formed
C)when immigrant groups outwardly threaten non-immigrants
D)when non-whites achieve power over whites

Answer 3

B

Question 4

What is a majority group?

A)the group with the greatest number of people
B)the group with the most power
C)the group that is advantaged and has superior resources and rights
D)the group that uses force to control the minority group

Question 5

What did John Porter's (1965)extensive analysis of ethnic groups in Canada demonstrate?

A)The "vertical mosaic" no longer exists.
B)There is a significant degree of ethnic stratification in Canada.
C)All ethnic groups are roughly equal in terms of the distribution of social resources.
D)Although race can be a factor in social stratification,ethnicity is not important.

Question 6

Which category of people is referred to by the term "race" in the text?

A)Those who have distinctly inferior personal characteristics when compared to a dominant majority.
B)Those who have been singled out as inferior or superior,often on the basis of physical characteristics such as skin colour,hair texture,and eye shape.
C)Those who have exactly the same genetic heritage.
D)Those who have distinctive cultural characteristics.

Question 7

Which of the following groups includes all people of colour and white women in Canada?

A)lower status
B)majority
C)visible minority
D)minority

Question 8

How does the text differentiate between race and ethnicity?

A)Information on ethnic origin is easier to collect than data on race.
B)People are more willing to classify themselves by race than by ethnicity.
C)Race refers to physical characteristics,while ethnicity refers to cultural features.
D)It is possible to have more than one ethnicity,but people can be a member of only one race.

Question 9

Which of the following belongs to the group "visible minority"?

A)white women
B)Euro-Canadians
C)Aboriginal peoples
D)Filipinos

Question 10

Which term best describes a collection of people such as the English,the Vietnamese,Nigerians,or Sicilians?

A)a minority group
B)a majority group
C)a racial group
D)an ethnic group

Question 11

Someone who holds a negative attitude about blacks based on preconceived notions about them would be called what?

A)prejudiced
B)a discriminator
C)a stereotype
D)a scapegoater

Question 12

According to sociologists,which classification does the idea of "race" belong to?

A)biological characteristics
B)socially constructed reality
C)cultural categorizations
D)arbitrariness

Question 13

In 2008,how many Canadians identified themselves as a visible minority?

A)1 in 2
B)1 in 4
C)1 in 6
D)1 in 10

Question 14

According to the text,which of the following is the most reliable and important source on racism?

A)the Canadian census
B)meta-analysis of social science studies on racism
C)the individuals who have experienced it directly
D)the officials who collect information on instances of racism

Question 15

What do the terms majority and minority refer to?

A)number of people with power
B)number of people without power
C)number of people with and without power
D)relations of advantage or disadvantage

Question 16

Which term best describes white males in Canada?

A)a majority
B)a minority
C)superior
D)powerful

Question 17

Which statement best reflects the visible minority population in Canada?

A)It has decreased over the last decade.
B)It has remained relatively stable since 2000.
C)It represents one sixth of all individuals.
D)It has increased,although not substantially since 2000.

Question 18

In Canada,whites with Northern European ancestry (often referred to as Euro-Canadians,white Anglo-Saxon Protestants,or WASPS)are widely considered to be a majority.What other kind of group are they?

A)persecuted
B)dominant
C)subordinate
D)minority

Question 19

What term do Augie Fleras and Jean Leonard Elliot use to capture the social significance of being white?

A)white privilege
B)Caucasian power
C)white power
D)white supremacy

Question 20

What term do sociologists use for the group in one whose members,because of physical or cultural characteristics,are disadvantaged and subjected to unequal treatment by the dominant group and who regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination?

A)socially depressed
B)minority
C)marginalized
D)powerless

Question 21

Alex respects all of his university classmates.He routinely interacts with a diverse group of friends,both studying with them and spending time in recreation with them.According to sociologist Robert Merton,how would Alex be classified?

A)as an unprejudiced nondiscriminator
B)as an unprejudiced discriminator
C)as a prejudiced nondiscriminator
D)as a prejudiced discriminator

Question 22

A judge in a singing competition believes that black men sing better than black women.His comments after black women sing reflect this.How would sociologist Robert Merton classify this judge?

A)as an unprejudiced nondiscriminator
B)as an unprejudiced discriminator
C)as a prejudiced nondiscriminator
D)as a prejudiced discriminator

Question 23

Which term is exemplified by the controversy over allowing police officers to wear a turban as part of their uniform?

A)institutionalized racism
B)polite racism
C)subliminal racism
D)overt racism

Question 24

What term did sociologist Robert Merton use to refer to teens who have no personal prejudices but engage in discrimination because of pressure from their friends?

A)unprejudiced discriminator
B)prejudiced discriminator
C)prejudiced nondiscriminatory
D)unprejudiced nondiscriminator

Question 25

Suppose that every day at recess three Aboriginal boys are excluded from playing soccer with the other boys.When they ask why,a white boy states,"We didn't invite you!" What is the term for what is happening?

A)prejudice
B)stereotyping
C)social distance
D)discrimination

Question 26

Ethan's friends always look to him for help with science and math questions.When he asks why,one boy responds: "Because Asians are so smart." Ethan is a victim of what?

A)prejudice
B)stereotyping
C)racial prejudice
D)anti-racism

Question 27

Which of the following traits is evident when someone holds racial prejudice?

A)He or she believes a certain racial group is innately inferior.
B)He or she believes that a certain racial group has a disproportionate number of positive traits.
C)He or she holds a pre-judgment about any group.
D)He or she acts in a discriminatory manner.

Question 28

Abdul's classmates tease him routinely about his name.They are guilty of which of the following?

A)prejudice
B)stereotyping
C)racial prejudice
D)anti-racism

Question 29

Your parents believe that all people from Hawaii can hula dance and have pig roasts on a regular basis.What name would sociologists use to describe these overgeneralizations?

A)prejudice
B)discrimination
C)stereotypes
D)racism

Question 30

According to the text,what element is involved in racism in addition to elements of prejudice,ethnocentrism,and discrimination?

A)low intelligence
B)stereotyping
C)scapegoating
D)aggression

Question 31

Which theory of prejudice generally includes the need for a scapegoat?

A)social learning
B)authoritarian personality
C)frustration-aggression
D)social distance

Question 32

What term did sociologist Robert Merton use to refer to the professor who fails all people in his class who are of Aboriginal descent and then explains this pattern by saying that all Aboriginals are simply not prepared to attend university because of their substandard secondary education?

A)unprejudiced discriminator
B)prejudiced discriminator
C)prejudiced nondiscriminatory
D)unprejudiced nondiscriminator

Question 33

What term refers to a law that states that black people must sit in the rear of all public transit?

A)de facto discrimination
B)de jure discrimination
C)ethnocentric discrimination
D)institutional racism

Question 34

What process puts prejudice into practice?

A)discrimination
B)ethnocentrism
C)alienation
D)stereotyping

Question 35

What is the term for discrimination based on social custom?

A)de jure discrimination
B)de facto discrimination
C)ethnocentric discrimination
D)institutional racism

Question 36

What are questions such as "Would you would marry or accept someone from a certain ethnic group as a close relative," designed to measure?

A)social distance
B)discrimination
C)scapegoating
D)ethnocentrism

Question 37

A volleyball coach is happy to work with black players,but feels that white fans will accept only a certain percentage of people of colour on the team,thus affecting his hiring practices.How would sociologist Robert Merton classify this coach?

A)as an unprejudiced nondiscriminator
B)as an unprejudiced discriminator
C)as a prejudiced nondiscriminator
D)as a prejudiced discriminator

Question 38

Which term refers to the belief in the superiority of one's own culture compared with that of others?

A)non-specific ethnic pride
B)ethnocentrism
C)subliminal racism
D)stereotyping

Question 39

Justin refused to sit with Philippe at lunch.Justin actually likes Philippe and considers him to be the funniest kid in the class.However,Justin's parents told him not to associate with anyone French.According to sociologist Robert Merton,how would Justin be classified?

A)as an unprejudiced nondiscriminator
B)as an unprejudiced discriminator
C)as a prejudiced nondiscriminator
D)as a prejudiced discriminator

Question 40

In 1980,Emily,a status Indian woman,had her rights revoked when she married Ted,a Caucasian man.Emily was a victim of what?

A)de jure discrimination
B)de facto discrimination
C)de ploy discrimination
D)denial discrimination

Question 41

Based on the categories of racism outlined by Fleras and Elliot,what kind of racism would a youth group called the White Brotherhood be involved in?

A)systemic
B)overt
C)polite
D)subliminal

Question 42

What process involves members of subordinate racial and ethnic groups becoming absorbed into the dominant culture?

A)participation
B)pluralism
C)assimilation
D)amalgamation

Question 43

Equalitarian pluralism refers to a situation in which ethnic groups coexist in equality with one another.What is this pattern also referred to as?

A)miscegenation
B)segregation
C)accommodation
D)compatibility

Question 44

Based on the categories of racism outlined by Fleras and Elliot,what kind of racism would routinely overlooking Hispanic employees for promotion at a trucking company be an example of?

A)overt racism
B)polite racism
C)subliminal racism
D)systemic racism

Question 45

According to Fleras and Elliott,what form of racism enables individuals to maintain two apparently conflicting values-one rooted in the egalitarian virtues of justice and fairness,the other in beliefs that result in resentment and selfishness?

A)institutionalized racism
B)ethnocentric racism
C)subliminal racism
D)overt racism

Question 46

Which of the following claims would author Neil Bissoondath make about multiculturalism in Canada?

A)It has promoted equalitarian pluralism.
B)It has led to full accommodation.
C)It does not promote equalitarian pluralism.
D)It leads to only cultural assimilation.

Question 47

Which of the following groups is cited in the text as an example of internal colonization?

A)African Americans in the southern United States
B)Aboriginal peoples in Canada
C)the Chinese population in Toronto
D)English-speaking people in Quebec

Question 48

According to a functionalist perspective,what form of assimilation is exemplified by a Korean woman and a German man who marry each other?

A)interracial
B)biological
C)structural
D)psychological

Question 49

Which perspective includes a hypothesis suggesting that contact between people from divergent groups should lead to favourable attitudes and behaviours?

A)symbolic interactionist
B)feminist
C)functionalist
D)critical race theory

Question 50

Suppose a group of immigrants from Africa learns English,dresses in Western-style clothing,and abandons their traditional foods after moving to the United States.According to a functionalist perspective,what kind of assimilation are they demonstrating?

A)cultural
B)psychological
C)structural
D)psychological

Question 51

What occurs when members of a racial or ethnic group are forcibly placed under the economic and political control of the dominant group?

A)structural segregation
B)internal colonization
C)classism
D)racial discrimination

Question 52

Which of the following refers to the division of the economy into two areas of employment where subordinate groups tend to occupy positions with little security and hazardous working conditions?

A)work racism theory
B)internal colonialism theory
C)split-labour market theory
D)racial formation theory

Question 53

Which of the following is exemplified by denying blacks entry into some restaurants,schools,residential communities,and movie theatres in Canada?

A)split-market theory
B)de jure segregation
C)de facto segregation
D)integration

Question 54

The text cites the federal government's reserve system for status Indians as a blatant example of what?

A)segregation
B)accommodation
C)structural assimilation
D)amalgamation

Question 55

Can minorities be racist?

A)It depends on how one defines racism.
B)Yes,minorities can be racist.
C)No,it is impossible for minorities to be racist.
D)Minorities can be racist,but only against their own ethic group.

Question 56

Which of the following is an example of how institutional racism normally manifests itself?

A)underrepresentation of blacks in management positions at a cable company
B)hate crimes against Asians
C)complaints to a Human Rights Commission
D)explicit hiring policies at an airline that prevent new immigrants from applying

Question 57

When an individual changes his or her racial or ethnic self-identification,he or she is thought to have undergone what kind of assimilation,according to a functionalist perspective?

A)cultural assimilation
B)biological assimilation
C)integration
D)psychological assimilation

Question 58

If we assume that racism is about politics of difference,then which of the following statements hold?

A)Racism involves anyone who approaches,defines,or threatens someone else on the basis of race.
B)Racism involves differential treatment in colour-conscious contexts of power that limit opportunity.
C)Racism involves threatening others because they are different.
D)Racism involves minorities dominating majority groups.

Question 59

In Canada,Ukrainians,French Canadians,African Canadians,Asian Canadians,and others co-exist.What term best describes this?

A)ethnic pluralism
B)equalitarian segmentism
C)inequalitarian pluralism
D)cultural segmentism

Question 60

According to a functionalist perspective,what kind of assimilation is exemplified by the integration of the Ukrainian community in Winnipeg,Manitoba,through schools and churches?

A)biological
B)psychological
C)structural
D)cultural

Question 61

Which of the following groups is the most disadvantaged racial or ethnic group in Canada?

A)South Asians
B)Aboriginal peoples
C)the Québécois
D)immigrants from Yugoslavia

Question 62

According to which theory would you argue that gender and race or ethnicity are important in work exploitation because some jobs are race and/or gender-typed?

A)feminist theory
B)postmodern theory
C)symbolic interactionist theory
D)functionalist theory

Question 63

Which term best describes the coercive and oppressive nature of residential boarding schools for Aboriginal children,one of the most blatant examples of its kind in Canadian history?

A)institutionalized racism
B)subliminal racism
C)polite racism
D)overt racism

Question 64

Why was the British North America Act significant?

A)It was passed in 1867.
B)It formally acknowledged the rights and privileges of both the French and English in Canada.
C)It set out the basic rights of Aboriginal peoples,which are maintained to this day.
D)It included many examples of de jure discrimination against the French.

Question 65

Why were Aboriginal children placed in residential boarding schools?

A)to facilitate their assimilation into the dominant culture
B)to integrate their Aboriginal culture with Christian beliefs
C)to help the families by providing for the children while the parents engaged in traditional hunting practices
D)to enhance and maintain native culture by writing it down and teaching it to all native children

Question 66

White workers may use racial discrimination against non-whites to protect their position,particularly when upper-tier workers feel threatened by lower-tier workers.This sort of explanation of prejudice is based on what theory?

A)split-labour-market theory
B)social learning theory
C)authoritarian personality theory
D)scapegoat theory

Question 67

What was the goal of the Indian Act of 1876?

A)to promote assimilation
B)to achieve equalitarian pluralism
C)to challenge colonialism
D)to encourage multiculturalism

Question 68

When are Canada's Aboriginal peoples believed to have migrated to North America from Asia?

A)100,000 years ago
B)60,000 years ago
C)14,000 years ago
D)8,000 years ago

Question 69

Which theory holds the view that personal choice and subjective definitions create ethnic and racial identities?

A)feminist theory
B)postmodern theory
C)symbolic interactionist theory
D)functionalist theory

Question 70

Which category of settlers are descendants of Indian and non-Indian unions (primarily between French settlers and Indian women)?

A)Inuit
B)North American Indians
C)Métis
D)First Nations

Question 71

Suppose you were undertaking a study of identity formation and you examined both members of racial and ethnic minorities and members of the white majority.What theoretical perspective would likely inform your research?

A)feminist theory
B)postmodern theory
C)symbolic interactionist theory
D)functionalist theory

Question 72

After Confederation,it was assumed that future French- and English-speaking groups would co-exist.Why did the French struggle for cultural survival until World War II?

A)A series of epidemics,including smallpox,reduced the French population.
B)There was a drop in the French birth rate and a corresponding rise in the British birth rate.
C)There were several civil wars between the British and the French.
D)English-speaking Canadians controlled the major economic institutions throughout Canada,including Quebec.

Question 73

According to a feminist perspective,the jobs people hold are linked to which of the following?

A)gender
B)race
C)class
D)gender,race,and class

Question 74

According to the 2006 census,approximately how many people reported that they were Aboriginal?

A)3 million
B)1 million
C)750,000
D)325,000

Question 75

What theoretical perspective derives its foundation from the U.S.civil rights tradition and the writing of persons such as Martin Luther King,Jr. ,and W.E.B.Du Bois?

A)feminism
B)postmodernism
C)critical race theory
D)functional race theory

Question 76

Given the historical legacy for Aboriginal peoples and their disadvantaged position in contemporary Canadian society,which of the following statements best reflects the challenge they face in terms of ethnic relations?

A)righting wrongs from the past
B)erasing negative stereotypes while maintaining their heritage and obtaining recognition for their contributions
C)creating positive stereotypes that challenge historical inaccuracies
D)bringing demands to political and constitutional arenas

Question 77

Which approach maintains that the best way to document racism and ongoing inequality in society is to listen to the lived experiences of people have experienced such discrimination?

A)contact hypothesis
B)postmodernism
C)critical race theory
D)functional race theory

Question 78

Which term best characterizes members of the dominant group who lobby for progressive anti-racism policies but only because they believe that doing so will advance their own self-interest?

A)anti-racism coalitions
B)interest convergence
C)ethnic pluralism
D)internal colonialism

Question 79

What name do sociologists give to the interactive effect of racism and sexism in the exploitation of women of colour?

A)gendered racism
B)internal colonialism
C)split labour market
D)domestic marginalization

Question 80

According to the text,what justified Europeans' aggression toward Aboriginals?

A)stereotypes
B)power
C)class
D)history