Deck 14: Education

Question 1

Students sit at their desks in a grade five classroom as their teacher demonstrates math equations on the board.What is this an example of?

A)home-schooling
B)compulsory education
C)formal education
D)information education

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What is the social institution responsible for the systematic transmission of knowledge,skills,and cultural values within a formally organized structure?

A)socialization
B)higher learning
C)cultural transmission
D)education

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following founded the first colleges and universities?

A)people
B)community
C)churches
D)local government

Answer 3

C

Question 4

In Canada,free public schooling is provided for wide segments of the population.What term best describes this?

A)mass education
B)higher education
C)formal education
D)compulsory education

Question 5

A.J.Massey Public School has just received its students' standardized test scores from the school board.The school fell in rank after a very poor performance across all grade levels.How would a functionalist explain this?

A)The school is non-functioning.
B)There is a dysfunction in the system.
C)Students should have tried harder.
D)The tests were unfair.

Question 6

During junior high,Juliana begins to develop greater awareness of environmental issues and a concern for social justice.Her views are in stark contrast to her parents,who never recycle and believe that everyone gets what they deserve in life.Which function of education does this illustrate?

A)socialization
B)restricting some activities
C)matchmaking and production of social networks
D)creation of a generation gap

Question 7

Which term refers to hidden,unstated,and sometimes unintended consequences of activities within an organization or institution functions?

A)manifest functions
B)latent functions
C)indirect functions
D)subjective functions

Question 8

At a divisional tournament,the Bears high school volleyball team attends all games on time,respects the referee's calls,and follows all the rules on and off the court.Which of the following functions would a functionalist argue that their school has successfully fulfilled?

A)socialization
B)transmission of culture
C)social control
D)restricting some activities

Question 9

Who argued that education is crucial for promoting solidarity and stability in society?

A)Émile Durkheim
B)Pierre Bourdieu
C)Amitai Etzioni
D)Max Weber

Question 10

Suppose high school students hang out at the local mall rather than attending classes.This is an example of which latent function of education being dysfunctional?

A)socialization
B)restricting some activities
C)matchmaking and production of social networks
D)creation of a generation gap

Question 11

According to Émile Durkheim,which term refers to the foundation of a cohesive social order?

A)education
B)informal education
C)moral education
D)mass education

Question 12

When did the focus of education shift from human depravity to the importance of developing well-rounded and liberally educated people?

A)in the Middle Ages
B)in the Renaissance
C)in the Industrial Revolution
D)in the Great Depression

Question 13

A high school principal recommends a select list of students for university entrance scholarships.Schools are responsible for identifying the most qualified people to fill available positions in society.Which function of education is this an example of?

A)change and innovation
B)matchmaking and production of social networks
C)social control
D)social placement

Question 14

In school,kindergarten children learn to listen to the teacher and sit quietly at their desks when working on a project.What is this an example of?

A)socialization
B)transmission of culture
C)social placement
D)change and innovation

Question 15

Which term refers to open,stated,and intended goals or consequences of activities within an organization or institution?

A)latent functions
B)manifest functions
C)purposeful functions
D)planned functions

Question 16

At recess seven-year-old Max watches his friend Ethan climb on the monkey bars.He observes what to do,then tries it successfully himself.What kind of education is at work here?

A)mandatory education
B)informal education
C)voluntary education
D)formal education

Question 17

Students at Elmwood Elementary must go to the office to get a late slip if they arrive after the final bell.Which manifest function of education is this an example of?

A)socialization
B)transmission of culture
C)social control
D)change and innovation

Question 18

From what perspective might you argue that teachers act like priests teaching students about morality?

A)conflict
B)functionalist
C)symbolic interactionist
D)feminist

Question 19

Students learn to take turns,follow directions,and stand in line at school.What are these are examples of?

A)rule transmission
B)education transmission
C)cultural transmission
D)knowledge transmission

Question 20

What process involves children becoming acquainted with dominant cultural beliefs,values,and norms?

A)religion
B)institutionalization
C)education
D)cultural transmission

Question 21

Claire's parents always considered their daughter to be advanced.She walked at nine months,talked in full sentences by age two,and could write her name clearly at age three.A preschool teacher requested that they have Claire take an intelligence test.She was subsequently labelled as gifted.However,when she entered kindergarten early,she encountered several problems,both socially and academically.How would labelling theory explain this situation?

A)The label gifted is a social construction and therefore holds little meaning for individuals.
B)Claire experienced discrimination from the teacher and the other students because she was labelled as gifted.
C)Claire's parents put too much pressure on her to succeed.
D)The label gifted was less important than Claire's behavioural problems.

Question 22

Where is Canada ranked internationally in education?

A)first in science,reading,and math
B)second in science,and sixth in reading and math
C)second in science,and third in reading and math
D)fourth in science,and third in reading and math

Question 23

Which of the following is an example of gender bias in the education system found by the Royal Commission on the Status of Women?

A)boys appearing in rigid sex-typed roles in books
B)overrepresentation of girls in textbooks
C)stereotypical expectations of male and female students
D)girls receiving more attention from teachers

Question 24

As student populations change over time,new educational programs are introduced to meet societal needs.Which manifest function of education is this an example of?

A)socialization
B)transmission of culture
C)change and innovation
D)social placement

Question 25

Suppose you took a radical feminist position regarding liberal feminist reforms directed toward gender bias in the educational system.Which of the following statements would you most likely make?

A)More education will lead to higher incomes and better jobs for women.
B)Only with the denial of difference entirely can women achieve equality in education.
C)Without fundamental restructuring of existing social organization,such as wages and prestige,women will remain disadvantaged.
D)Critiques of stereotyping and gender bias will provide the basis of widespread social change.

Question 26

According to the text,what did researchers observe in an experiment in which teachers at an elementary school were intentionally misinformed that certain children were extremely intelligent?

A)The teachers went out of the way to avoid treating these students differently,and researchers found no differences in students' treatment a year later.
B)There was no significant impact of the labelling effect on IQ scores.
C)There were marked academic gains among the so-called "extremely intelligent" students.
D)Positive teacher expectations actually created less successful students.

Question 27

Which term refers to the transmission of cultural values and attitudes (such as conformity and obedience to authority)through implied demands found in rules,routines,and regulations of schools?

A)tracking system
B)hidden curriculum
C)latent function of education
D)educational indoctrination

Question 28

What is one of the main results of credentialism?

A)Individuals become overqualified in pursuing credentials.
B)Only people who have the required skills can get a job.
C)Class advantage and social status become linked to having academic credentials.
D)It produces a more competitive society.

Question 29

Who suggested that students come to school with different social assets?

A)Émile Durkheim
B)Pierre Bourdieu
C)Jeannie Oakes
D)Max Weber

Question 30

If you took a symbolic interactionist perspective,which of the following would you focus on?

A)the hidden curriculum
B)the manifest and latent functions of education
C)how education reproduces the existing class structure
D)educational practices that affect students' self-concept and aspirations

Question 31

Which term applies to "proper" attitudes toward education,such as socially approved dress and manners,and knowledge about books,art,music,and other forms of high and popular culture?

A)cultural mystique
B)social grace
C)accumulated social wisdom
D)cultural capital

Question 32

Which term refers to a social system in which status is assumed to be acquired through individual ability and efforts?

A)tracking
B)credentialism
C)meritocracy
D)educational bureaucracy

Question 33

What is it called when students are assigned to specific courses and educational programs based on their test scores and/or previous grades?

A)grading
B)IQ grouping
C)tracking
D)segregation

Question 34

Nadir speaks four languages,invests in numerous stocks,values higher education,and attends the opera and the ballet on a regular basis.Which term best describes these particular attributes of Nadir?

A)cultural capital
B)material culture
C)accumulated social wisdom
D)social wisdom

Question 35

According to a conflict theorist,which statement best characterizes education?

A)Education is a voice for the masses.
B)Education is a paradigm for social change.
C)Education is a platform for challenging social inequality.
D)Education is a vehicle for reproducing existing inequalities.

Question 36

Tyler's brother got into trouble a lot in grade two.Three years later,when Tyler is placed with the same teacher for grade two,she assumes that his behaviour will mirror his older brother's.His teacher labels Tyler as a behavioural problem.Which concept does this illustrate?

A)a self-fulfilling prophecy
B)a learning disability
C)a defeating perception
D)a fallacy of reasoning

Question 37

Suppose you have always been told,and have always believed,that you are a "C" student,and your grades at university are mostly "Cs." What could this be an example of?

A)a self-fulfilling prophecy
B)a learning disability
C)a defeating perception
D)a fallacy of reasoning

Question 38

What claim did Herrnstein and Murray make in their book The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life?

A)Certain racial-ethnic groups differ in average IQ and are likely to differ in "intelligence genes" as well.
B)Labelling students as "gifted" can actually result in students scoring 15 points lower than their aptitude on standard IQ tests.
C)Asian Americans have benefited from being labelled a "model minority."
D)Intelligence is not inherited;you can become smarter through learning.

Question 39

Kids who wear name-brand clothing and have the latest technological gadgets can be said to have more of what,as compared to kids who do not have these things?

A)cultural capital
B)social capital
C)economic capital
D)political capital

Question 40

Which statement reflects what a student in a "high-track" group might say?

A)I want to be a lawyer and my debate class has taught me to dig for answers and get involved.I can express myself.
B)This course has helped me to behave in class.
C)This approach has helped me become a better listener in class.
D)I have learned that I should complete my text questions when the teacher asks me to.

Question 41

What is a common method for schools to mainstream children with disabilities?

A)inclusion programs
B)home schooling
C)special needs classes
D)segregated classrooms

Question 42

What percentage of postsecondary students surveyed expected to have a debt of more than $10,000 once their education was completed?

A)15 percent
B)30 percent
C)45 percent
D)over 50 percent

Question 43

According to George Ritzer,what is a "trans-educational" era?

A)Since education will be nowhere,and since nothing will be educational,then in a sense nothing will be educational.
B)Since education will be everywhere,and since nothing will be educational,then in a sense everything will be educational.
C)Since education will be everywhere,and since everything will be educational,then in a sense nothing will be educational.
D)Since education will be nowhere,and since everything will be educational,then in a sense everything will be educational.

Question 44

What is the Disability Services Office at most universities and colleges an example of?

A)equalizing opportunities for students with disabilities
B)discriminating against students with disabilities
C)labelling students with disabilities
D)providing special treatment for students with disabilities

Question 45

Sandra,a polio survivor,characterizes her 1950s experience in physical education classes as one of exclusion.Although her only physical disability was limited use of her left arm,she sat out during each gym class and passively watched while her classmates played sports and were actively engaged.Why is this unlikely to happen today?

A)Integration has removed all the barriers facing students with disabilities.
B)Children with disabilities are now segregated in special schools.
C)All children with disabilities are guaranteed access to accommodation at school to meet their special needs under the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
D)Inclusion programs and individualized education plans have been replaced with barriers for students with disabilities.

Question 46

What underlies the shift from segregated schools to inclusion for students with disabilities?

A)the assumption that children with disabilities often thrive in a separate system
B)the assumption that children with disabilities often thrive in an integrated learning environment
C)the assumption that children with disabilities will thrive regardless of the environment in which learning takes place
D)the assumption that children with disabilities will be disadvantaged regardless of the environment in which learning takes place

Question 47

What is a characteristic thought of many school dropouts upon leaving school?

A)They believe they will be able to find good jobs in the trade sector.
B)They immediately regret their decision.
C)They have hopes of finding some kind of employment.
D)They have hopes of making money and enjoying their new freedom.

Question 48

What approach would you be following if you argued that providing parents with a choice where their children will attend school indicates the autonomy of education?

A)functionalist theory
B)symbolic interactionist theory
C)postmodern theory
D)feminist theory

Question 49

Why do a substantial proportion of postsecondary students opt for community colleges?

A)easier standards are required for admittance
B)better education
C)smaller classes
D)lower costs

Question 50

What is the dropout rate for Aboriginal students?

A)less than 5 percent
B)10 to 15 percent
C)20 to 25 percent
D)35 to 40 percent

Question 51

What perspective argues that education is a social institution characterized by permeability?

A)functionalist theory
B)symbolic interactionist theory
C)postmodern theory
D)feminist theory

Question 52

What is the dominant way to address barriers for students with disabilities?

A)through activism
B)through the efforts of parents
C)through legislation
D)through the efforts of teachers

Question 53

According to the text,how has postsecondary education been described?

A)as the gate to the future
B)as the challenge of the decade
C)as the dividing line of the modern labour market
D)as the marker of difference

Question 54

Today,approximately what percentage of children with disabilities are integrated into mainstream schools?

A)15 percent
B)30 percent
C)60 percent
D)85 percent

Question 55

What is the overall school dropout rate for people under the age of 20?

A)less than 5 percent
B)around 10 percent
C)between 20 and25 percent
D)over 30 percent

Question 56

What percentage of children in Canada are educated in public schools?

A)90 percent
B)80 percent
C)65 percent
D)50 percent

Question 57

Suppose you witness a four-year-old child playing an advanced,visually stimulating game on an iPod,almost effortlessly moving through various levels of difficulty.As a budding sociologist,which of the following observations might you make?

A)The child must have practised playing the game a lot.
B)The child's parents likely taught him or her how to play the game.
C)The child,unlike most kids,has superior intelligence.
D)The child,like other cyber kids,is intellectually at home in spatially organized virtual worlds.

Question 58

According to recent survey research,how have most college and university graduates funded their education?

A)student loans and employment earnings
B)employment earnings
C)help from their families
D)scholarships,grants,and bursaries

Question 59

Which statement best describes the role of social class in education today?

A)Social class remains important,but is not one of the most significant concerns relating to inequality in education today.
B)Social class is less important than race and gender in perpetuating inequality in education.
C)Social class continues to be the most persistent and enduring source of educational inequality at all levels of education.
D)Social class is far less persistent as a source of inequality than it was in the past.

Question 60

Suppose you overheard someone complain that postsecondary education has become a "McUniversity" system whereby students obtain services and purchase the "goods" of a degree.What perspective would echo these claims?

A)feminist theory
B)symbolic interactionist theory
C)functionalist theory
D)postmodern theory

Question 61

Which of the following terms means spontaneous learning?

A)formal education
B)hidden curriculum
C)informal education
D)unanticipated curriculum

Question 62

According to the text,why must we strive to improve educational opportunities for all Canadians?

A)because we live in a democracy
B)because education promotes individual prosperity
C)because education promotes collective prosperity
D)because education promotes individual and collective prosperity

Question 63

Jackie's sister taught her to ride a bicycle while playing at the park.What term best describes this type of education?

A)informal
B)official
C)formal
D)experiential

Question 64

By attending school,Eric is learning how to study and take notes.Which manifest function of education is Eric experiencing?

A)cultural transmission
B)socialization
C)role performance
D)social placement

Question 65

Which term refers to free public schooling for wide segments of a nation's population?

A)extensive education
B)cultural transmission
C)mass education
D)liberal education

Question 66

Which term refers to the process by which children and recent immigrants become acquainted with the dominant beliefs,values,norms,and accumulated knowledge of a society?

A)informal education
B)cultural transmission
C)formal education
D)cultural extension

Question 67

Which term does Durkheim use to describe the importance of teaching students a commitment to the common good of society?

A)moral education
B)consensus education
C)cohesive education
D)religious education

Question 68

Which of the following statements does NOT describe parental beliefs about private secondary schools?

A)The academic expectations are much higher.
B)The moral standards are better.
C)The dropout rate is much lower.
D)The emphasis on discipline is much better.

Question 69

Jason is writing an essay about mandatory education laws for children.Which theoretical perspective is Jason most likely to use?

A)feminist
B)symbolic interactionist
C)conflict
D)functionalist

Question 70

Mandatory education laws usually require children to attend school until what age?

A)12 years old
B)14 years old
C)16 years old
D)18 years old

Question 71

Teachers tend to treat students with a high IQ scores more favourably.What phenomenon is this an example of?

A)tracking
B)credentialism
C)self-fulfilling prophecy
D)streaming

Question 72

Karly is writing about education from a conflict perspective.Which of the following statements best exemplifies her views?

A)Schools are a source of social change and innovation.
B)Some students master the hidden curriculum with greater ease.
C)The distribution of male and female educators is unequal.
D)Students who believe they are unintelligent are less likely to succeed in school.

Question 73

Kevin is learning the difference between right and wrong at school.According to Durkheim,which term best describes this type of education?

A)cohesive education
B)moral education
C)ethical education
D)religious education

Question 74

What percentage of university graduates are male?

A)35 percent
B)40 percent
C)45 percent
D)50 percent

Question 75

What percentage of students are educated in private schools?

A)4 percent
B)6 percent
C)8 percent
D)10 percent

Question 76

According to Statistics Canada,what percentage of students who attend private schools pay tuition of more than $5,000 per year?

A)7 percent
B)5 percent
C)3 percent
D)1 percent

Question 77

Tabatha argues that schools promote awareness of cultural differences so that students can obtain employment in a diverse society.Which theoretical perspective is Tom using?

A)conflict
B)functionalist
C)symbolic Interactionist
D)postmodern

Question 78

Which term refers to an instructional process that is planned?

A)informal education
B)structured education
C)formal education
D)functional education

Question 79

Karla received high marks in science during elementary school and was placed in an advanced science program once she got to high school.What process is Karla experiencing?

A)credentialism
B)meritocracy
C)tracking
D)streaming

Question 80

Monique is analyzing education from a feminist perspective.Which of the following statements best describes her views?

A)Schools facilitate the development of lasting social networks between boys and girls.
B)Schools assign male students into particular groups based on their previous grades.
C)Schools tend to have an unequal distribution of male and female educators.
D)Schools perform IQ tests that are biased towards girls.