Deck 2: Chemistry of Life

Question 1

This is not a characteristic of a neutron:

A) contributes to the atom's atomic number
B) contributes to the atom's atomic mass
C) is located in the nucleus of the atom
D) has no electrical charge

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Organic compounds must contain

A) oxygen
B) carbon-oxygen bonds
C) hydrogen-oxygen bonds
D) none of the above

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following is not true of water?

A) Water is the most abundant organic compound in the body.
B) Water is found both in and around the cells of the body.
C) Water is the solvent in which most other compounds are dissolved.
D) All of the above are true of water.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Ionic bonds:

A) usually dissolve easily in water
B) produced ions when dissolved in water
C) are formed by atoms of opposite charge
D) all of the above

Question 5

The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of

A) electrons
B) neutrons
C) protons
D) both b and c above

Question 6

Which of the following is not a subatomic particle that makes up the atom?

A) Ion
B) Proton
C) Neutron
D) Electron

Question 7

In a dehydration synthesis reaction:

A) hydrogen and oxygen are removed from the reactants
B) water is added to the reactants
C) water is broken down into hydrogen and oxygen
D) both a and c above

Question 8

The second energy level of an atom

A) has four orbitals
B) can hold eight electrons
C) is a lower energy level then the first energy level
D) both a and b above

Question 9

Compounds are

A) pure substances
B) made up of only one type of atom
C) made up of two or more different types of atoms
D) both a and b above

Question 10

The atomic mass of an atom is equal to the number of

A) electrons
B) neutrons
C) protons
D) both b and c above

Question 11

If an atom had 20 protons and 18 electrons,it would

A) have a negative 2 charge
B) have a plus 2 charge
C) be attracted to a positively charged ion
D) both a and c above

Question 12

A particular atom has 16 protons,17 neutrons,and 16 electrons.The atomic number of this atom is

A) 49
B) 32
C) 33
D) 16

Question 13

The formula for oxygen gas is O₂; this means it is

A) made up of two atoms of oxygen
B) a molecule
C) a compound
D) both a and b above

Question 14

This subatomic particle is found in orbitals around the nucleus of the atom.

A) Electron
B) Neutron
C) Proton
D) Both b and c above

Question 15

This is not a characteristic of a proton:

A) contributes to the atom's atomic number
B) contributes to the atom's atomic mass
C) is located in the nucleus of the atom
D) carries a negative electrical charge

Question 16

This subatomic particle is found in the nucleus of the atom.

A) Electron
B) Neutron
C) Proton
D) Both b and c above

Question 17

This is not a characteristic of an electron:

A) is in an orbital around the nucleus of the atom
B) has a negative electrical charge
C) contributes to the atom's atomic number
D) all of the above are characteristics of an electron

Question 18

Covalent bonds

A) dissociate in water
B) are formed when electrons are shared between atoms
C) are formed by atoms of opposite charge
D) both a and c above

Question 19

A particular atom has 16 protons,17 neutrons,and 16 electrons.The atomic mass of this atom is

A) 49
B) 32
C) 33
D) 16

Question 20

In a dehydration synthesis reaction:

A) water is a reactant
B) water is a product
C) a large molecule is broken down into a smaller one
D) both a and c above

Question 21

A solution with a pH of 11

A) is an acid
B) is a base
C) has 10 times more OH- ions than a solution with a pH of 10
D) both b and c above

Question 22

In a hydrolysis reaction:

A) water is a product
B) water is a reactant
C) water is broken down into hydrogen and oxygen
D) the product is larger than either reactant

Question 23

A base

A) has a pH greater than 7
B) has a pH less than 7
C) has more OH- ions than H⁺ ions in solution
D) both a and c above

Question 24

An acid

A) has a pH greater than 7
B) has a pH less than 7
C) has more OH- ions than H⁺ ions in solution
D) both a and c above

Question 25

If a strong acid were added to one container of pure water and an equal amount of a weak acid were added to a second container of pure water:

A) the pH of both containers would go up equally
B) the pH of both containers would go down equally
C) the pH of the container with the strong acid would go up more than the container with the weak acid
D) none of the above

Question 26

The "lock and key" model is use to describe the functioning of

A) enzymes
B) collagen molecules
C) keratin molecules
D) both a and c above

Question 27

Which of the following is not true of triglycerides?

A) A part of the molecule attracts water.
B) The molecule contains three fatty acids.
C) The molecule contains glycerol.
D) Triglycerides are used by the body to store energy.

Question 28

Which of the following is a disaccharide?

A) Glucose
B) Sucrose
C) Starch
D) Glycogen

Question 29

Which of the following statements is true?

A) The process of hydrolysis is used to build a larger molecule from smaller molecules.
B) Water is an end product of a hydrolysis reaction.
C) The process of dehydration synthesis is used to build a larger molecule from smaller molecules.
D) Water is a reactant in a dehydration synthesis reaction.

Question 30

Which is not true of the following chemical equation? K⁺ + Cl- KCl

A) The equation indicates that there are two reactants.
B) The equation indicates that there is one product.
C) The equation indicates that the reaction occurs in both directions equally.
D) All of the above are true.

Question 31

Which of the following is not true of enzymes?

A) They function on the lock and key model.
B) They are functional proteins.
C) They are catalysts.
D) All of the above are true of enzymes.

Question 32

Which of the following is not true of cholesterol?

A) It is a steroid lipid.
B) It helps stabilize the cell membrane.
C) It contains only two fatty acids.
D) It is the starting point for making the hormone estrogen.

Question 33

Which of the following is a polysaccharide?

A) Glucose
B) Lactose
C) Sucrose
D) Glycogen

Question 34

Liver cells and muscle cells are able to store chains of glucose in a molecule called

A) glycogen
B) polyglucose
C) sucrose
D) lactose

Question 35

Which of the following is not true of phospholipids?

A) The molecule contains three fatty acids.
B) The molecule has a water-attracting part.
C) The molecule has a water-repelling part.
D) It is important in the structure of the cell membrane.

Question 36

When the body removes CO₂ by way of the respiratory system

A) it lowers the pH of the blood
B) it raises the pH of the blood
C) it has no effect on pH because CO₂ is neither an acid nor a base
D) it is acting as a buffer

Question 37

Which of the following is a structural protein?

A) Hormones
B) Collagen
C) Growth factor
D) Enzymes

Question 38

This lipid can be found in the cell membrane

A) triglycerides
B) phospholipids
C) cholesterol
D) both b and c above

Question 39

A solution with a pH of 6

A) is an acid
B) is a base
C) has 10 times more H⁺ ions than a solution with a pH of 5
D) both a and c above

Question 40

Which of the following is a monosaccharide?

A) Glucose
B) Sucrose
C) Lactose
D) Glucagon

Question 41

This subatomic particle does not contribute to the mass of an atom

A) proton
B) neutron
C) electron
D) all of the above particles contribute to the mass of an atom

Question 42

This molecule is found in DNA but not RNA

A) adenine
B) ribose sugar
C) deoxyribose sugar
D) phosphate

Question 43

Which of the following organs help maintain the proper pH of body fluids?

A) Kidneys by forming urine
B) Lungs by exhaling carbon dioxide
C) Spleen by filtering the blood
D) Both a and b above

Question 44

Which of the following contributes to the atom's atomic number?

A) Proton
B) Neutron
C) Electron
D) Both proton and neutron

Question 45

The magnesium atom has two electrons in its outer energy level and is willing to donate both of them.The sodium atom has seven electrons in its outer energy level and will accept one electron.The chemical formula for the compound formed by magnesium and sodium would be

A) Mg₂Na
B) MgNa₂
C) Mg₂S
D) Mg₂

Question 46

Which of the following carries a positive electrical charge?

A) Proton
B) Neutron
C) Electron
D) Both proton and neutron

Question 47

Which of the following is an example of a monosaccharide?

A) Glucose
B) Lactose
C) Glycogen
D) Starch

Question 48

Which of the following carries no electrical charge?

A) Proton
B) Neutron
C) Electron
D) Both proton and neutron

Question 49

An isotope is an atom with

A) more protons than electrons
B) more electrons than protons
C) the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
D) either a or b above

Question 50

Which of the following lipids are used as starting points in the making of hormones?

A) Phospholipids
B) Cholesterol
C) Triglycerides
D) Both b and c above

Question 51

Which of the following contributes to the atom's atomic mass?

A) Proton
B) Neutron
C) Electron
D) Both proton and neutron

Question 52

Which of the following carries a negative electrical charge?

A) Proton
B) Neutron
C) Electron
D) Both proton and neutron

Question 53

Which of the following lipids do not contain fatty acids?

A) Phospholipids
B) Cholesterol
C) Triglycerides
D) Both a and b above

Question 54

This molecule is found in DNA but not RNA

A) guanine
B) thymine
C) uracil
D) adenine

Question 55

This molecule is found in RNA but not DNA

A) guanine
B) thymine
C) uracil
D) adenine

Question 56

This molecule is found in RNA but not DNA

A) ribose sugar
B) deoxyribose sugar
C) adenine
D) cytosine

Question 57

In an atom,each orbital can hold

A) one electron
B) two electrons
C) eight electrons
D) hydrogen can hold two and the rest of the atoms can hold eight

Question 58

Which of the following is found in the nucleus of the atom?

A) Proton
B) Neutron
C) Electron
D) Both proton and neutron

Question 59

Which of the following contain three fatty acids and a molecule of glycerol?

A) Enzymes
B) Triglycerides
C) Phospholipids
D) All of the above

Question 60

Which of the following is found in orbitals surrounding the nucleus of the atom?

A) Proton
B) Neutron
C) Electron
D) Both proton and neutron

Question 61

Which of the following is a starting substance for making the hormones estrogen and testosterone?

A) Lactose
B) Collagen
C) DNA
D) Cholesterol

Question 62

This element is not one of the elements that make up 96% of the body.

A) Nitrogen
B) Hydrogen
C) Oxygen
D) Sodium

Question 63

Low blood pH results in a condition called

A) alkalosis
B) acidosis
C) atherosclerosis
D) hydrolysis

Question 64

Which of the following has thymine as one of its nucleotides?

A) DNA
B) RNA
C) Both a and b above
D) Neither a nor b above

Question 65

Which of the following is an example of a functional protein?

A) Collagen
B) Glycogen
C) Enzymes
D) None of the above

Question 66

Which of the following has uracil as one of its nucleotides?

A) DNA
B) RNA
C) Both a and b above
D) Neither a nor b above

Question 67

This is a way the body can remove excess H⁺ ions from the body

A) excreting them in the urine
B) exhaling CO₂ from the lungs
C) using a buffer
D) all of the above can remove H⁺ ions from the blood

Question 68

Which of the following is a lipid that can be found along with cholesterol in the cell membrane?

A) Triglycerides
B) Phospholipids
C) Both a and b above
D) Neither a nor b above

Question 69

Matter can be defined as anything that occupies space and has mass.

Question 70

Which of the following is the steroid lipid?

A) Cholesterol
B) Triglycerides
C) Enzymes
D) Phospholipids

Question 71

Which of the following is an example of a structural protein?

A) Enzymes
B) Collagen
C) Glycogen
D) None of the above

Question 72

The proton of the atom carries a positive electrical charge.

Question 73

Which of the following is a nucleic acid with a double helix structure?

A) DNA
B) RNA
C) Both a and b above
D) Neither a nor b above

Question 74

Which of the following is an example of a disaccharide?

A) Glucose
B) Dextrose
C) Glycogen
D) Lactose

Question 75

Atoms have never been seen by scientists,but their presence is strongly supported by the atomic theory.

Question 76

Which of the following is a lipid with a water-attracting and water-repelling part of its molecule?

A) Triglycerides
B) Cholesterol
C) Phospholipids
D) None of the above

Question 77

Which of the following is an example of a polysaccharide?

A) Glucose
B) Glycogen
C) Dextrose
D) Lactose

Question 78

Which of the following is a protein whose function is explained by the lock and key model?

A) Collagen
B) Glycogen
C) Enzymes
D) None of the above

Question 79

Which of the following acts as a chemical catalyst?

A) DNA
B) RNA
C) Enzymes
D) Phospholipids

Question 80

This modified nucleotide plays an important role in energy-transfer in the body

A) adenosine triphosphate
B) enzymes
C) mRNA
D) glycoproteins