Deck 19: Endocrine Glands

Question 1

Thyroid hormone stimulates growth and tissue differentiation.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The pineal gland functions to support the body's biological clock.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

FSH and LH are called gonadotropins because they stimulate the growth and maintenance of the gonads.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The thyroid gland is the only endocrine organ that stores its hormones in another form for later release.

Question 5

When the amount of antidiuretic hormone increases,the body tries to get rid of excess fluid and the volume of urine increases.

Question 6

Growth hormone indirectly increases glucose metabolism.

Question 7

A major function of the pineal gland is the development of the lymphatic system.

Question 8

The center of the adrenal gland is the cortex.

Question 9

Calcitonin decreases calcium storage in bones,thereby raising blood calcium levels.

Question 10

Hypercalcemia may be a cause of muscle spasms.

Question 11

The neurohypophysis is another name for the anterior pituitary.

Question 12

Specific chemical-releasing factors made in the adenohypophysis are responsible for the release of antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin into the blood.

Question 13

Most hormones released by the hypothalamus enter the hypophyseal portal system.

Question 14

An excess of parathyroid hormone can cause increased ossification of bone tissue.

Question 15

Under stress conditions,the hypothalamus is a "go between," linking the cerebrum and the pituitary.

Question 16

Calcitonin is a hypercalcemic hormone.

Question 17

Parathyroid hormone causes the kidney to retain calcium and excrete phosphate.

Question 18

Unlike thyroid hormone,calcitonin is said to have a "general" target.

Question 19

Sex hormones are produced by the ovaries,testes,and adrenal glands.

Question 20

Tropic hormones tend to have a generalized effect on the body.

Question 21

The renin-angiotensin mechanism is a negative feedback mechanism that helps maintain homeostasis of blood pressure.

Question 22

Both epinephrine and norepinephrine can bind to sympathetic effectors to prolong and enhance the effects of the autonomic nervous system.

Question 23

Cortisone is the only glucocorticoid that is secreted in significant quantities.

Question 24

Glucagon,produced by alpha cells,tends to promote the movement of glucose,amino acids,and fatty acids out of the blood and into tissue cells.

Question 25

Female sex hormones are collectively referred to as androgens.

Question 26

Norepinephrine accounts for about 80% of adrenal medulla secretions.

Question 27

Diabetics produce an excessive amount of insulin.

Question 28

Glucagon is secreted by the beta cells in the pancreatic islets.

Question 29

The vascular link between the hypothalamus and the adenohypophysis is termed the hepatic portal system.

Question 30

The major mineralocorticoid is aldosterone.

Question 31

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine disorders.

Question 32

Secretin plays a regulatory role in the digestive process.

Question 33

Some of the effects of aldosterone are water retention and increased blood pressure.

Question 34

Glucocorticoids are essential for maintaining a normal blood pressure.

Question 35

The pituitary is attached to the hypothalamus by a stalk termed the pars intermedia.

Question 36

Insulin lowers blood concentrations of glucose.

Question 37

Aldosterone secretion is controlled mainly by the renin-angiotensin mechanism and by the blood potassium concentration.

Question 38

Insulin and glucagon exert antagonistic effects on blood levels of glucose.

Question 39

The tissue of the pancreas is made up of both endocrine and exocrine tissues.

Question 40

Aldosterone influences the kidney tubules to retain sodium and potassium ions.

Question 41

The hormone that can be detected during the early part of a woman's pregnancy with an over-the-counter kit is hCG.

Question 42

The parathyroid glands are located on the posterior surface of the thymus gland.

Question 43

Hypersecretion of prolactin can cause impotence in men.

Question 44

PTH increases calcium absorption in the intestines by activating vitamin D.

Question 45

Cells of the adenohypophysis can be classified as to their reaction to certain types of stain or their type of tissue (glandular or neurosecretory).

Question 46

The two lobes of the thyroid are connected by the infundibulum.

Question 47

T₃ is the thyroid hormone released in greatest quantity.

Question 48

Psychosomatic relationships between human body systems and the brain have been proven not to exist.

Question 49

The major hormone produced by the corpus luteum is LH.

Question 50

The thyroid functions to support the body's biological clock.

Question 51

Epinephrine is secreted by the adrenal cortex.

Question 52

The renin-angiotensin mechanism is a negative feedback mechanism that helps maintain homeostasis of blood calcium levels.

Question 53

Ghrelin functions to reduce appetite and prevent an increase in blood glucose level.

Question 54

The posterior pituitary gland is not made of glandular tissue.

Question 55

Somatostatin has the primary role of inhibiting the secretion of adrenal hormones.

Question 56

The pituitary gland fits in the pituitary fossa in a structure called the sella turcica.

Question 57

The thymus gland is smallest in children and reaches its maximum functional size in late adulthood.

Question 58

Calcitonin acts to increase blood calcium levels.

Question 59

Testosterone is produced by the seminiferous tubules of the testes.

Question 60

Both functions of oxytocin are regulated by a positive feedback loop.

Question 61

Growth hormone and insulin are synergistic hormones.

Question 62

Calcitonin inhibits the functioning of osteoblasts.

Question 63

The anterior pituitary develops from the upward projection of the pharynx.

Question 64

The heart produces a hormone that promotes sodium loss.

Question 65

Adipose tissue contributes to the functioning of the endocrine system by producing a hormone called leptin,which plays a role in energy balance.

Question 66

Prolactin is produced by the acidophils in the pars anterior.

Question 67

Growth hormone and insulin are antagonistic hormones.

Question 68

Growth hormone has a hyperglycemic effect.

Question 69

The adenohypophysis is divided into two parts,the pars anterior and the pars posterior.

Question 70

Growth hormone increases protein anabolism in cells.

Question 71

One difference between T₃ and T₄ is the number of iodine atoms attached to the molecule.

Question 72

Growth hormone is also called somatotropin.

Question 73

Because the target organs of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone are organs of the female reproductive system,males do not produce them.

Question 74

The corticotroph cells of the adenohypophysis secrete growth hormone.

Question 75

The function of prolactin is to stimulate the secretion of milk.

Question 76

Because growth hormone is always needed in the body to maintain muscle mass,it is released at a constant rate by the pituitary gland.

Question 77

The anterior pituitary develops from the downward projection of the brain.

Question 78

Luteinizing hormone is an example of a tropic hormone.

Question 79

Tropic hormones are secreted by the acidophils of the pars anterior.

Question 80

Growth hormone is also called insulin-like growth factor.