Deck 41: Mnt in Psychiatric and Cognitive Disorders

Question 1

Which of the following conditions may be improved by supplementation of long-chain fatty acids?

A)Anxiety disorder
B)Eating disorders
C)Depression
D)Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Answer 1

C
Supplementation with long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) improves depression.Other mental conditions that benefit from use of LCFA supplementation include bipolar disorder, postpartum depression, schizophrenia, dementia, alcoholism, and tardive dyskinesia.Anxiety disorder, eating disorders, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder benefit from the use of fish oils.

Question 2

What is the recommendation of the International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids (ISSFAL) for the daily intake of DHA and EPA?

A)220 mg of each daily
B)500 mg combined daily
C)Total of 1100 mg daily
D)Total of 1600 mg daily

Answer 2

B
The ISSFAL makes a general recommendation for a daily minimum intake of 500 mg combined of EPA and DHA.However, this recommendation does not clarify whether this is for populations with significant or limited fish intake.A total intake of 500 mg of alpha linoleic acid is the AI for infants.A total intake of 1100 mg of alpha linoleic acid is the RDA for women, and a total intake of 1600 mg is the RDA for men.

Question 3

MTFHR mutations are associated with what psychiatric disorder?

A)Alzheimer disease
B)Anxiety disorder
C)Schizophrenia
D)Chronic fatigue syndrome

Answer 3

C
MTHFR and COMT polymorphisms may increase the predilection for schizophrenia.MTHFR defects and elevated plasma homocysteine concentration have been suggested as risk factors for schizophrenia, but epidemiologic studies have been inconsistent.

Question 4

Flavonoid-rich foods include

A)peaches, apricots, and sweet potatoes.
B)fish and seafood.
C)kale, broccoli, and spinach.
D)apples, oranges, berries, and chocolate.

Question 5

Folic acid supplementation in the methylated form is useful in some psychiatric disorders because of its role in

A)production of serotonin and dopamine.
B)macrocytic anemia.
C)histamine metabolism.
D)preventing neural tube defects.

Question 6

What is the most efficient way to improve the omega-6:omega-3 ratio in the diet?

A)Supplement the diet with fish oil supplements.
B)Decrease the intake of meat and poultry.
C)Increase the intake of fish and seafood.
D)Increase the intake of vegetables.

Question 7

Which of the following are sources of alpha linoleic acid?

A)Cod
B)Spinach
C)Walnuts
D)Oysters

Question 8

Which of the following groups is at high risk for deficiency of DHA?

A)Formula-fed infants
B)Pregnant women
C)Weight lifters
D)Adolescent girls

Question 9

Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with

A)bipolar disorder.
B)delusional disorder.
C)active mood disorder.
D)generalized anxiety.

Question 10

The most proven risk factor for Alzheimer disease is

A)protein-energy malnutrition.
B)folic acid deficiency.
C)insulin resistance.
D)advanced age.

Question 11

The brain is _________% fat.

A)80
B)50
C)100
D)20

Question 12

Which food is a good source of vitamin D?

A)Butter
B)Flax seed
C)Egg yolk
D)Steel cut oat

Question 13

Wernicke encephalopathy can be treated with what nutrient(s)?

A)EPA and DHA
B)Vitamin C
C)Thiamin
D)Zinc

Question 14

An excess of which nutrient has been associated with bipolar disorder?

A)Chromium
B)Magnesium
C)Iron
D)Vitamin C

Question 15

Fluctuations in blood glucose can amplify which condition/disease?

A)Depression
B)Schizophrenia
C)Anxiety
D)All of the above

Question 16

Chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia are associated with dysfunction of the

A)pituitary gland.
B)cerebral cortex.
C)hypothalamus.
D)glucose metabolism.