Deck 2: Geography Through the Ages

Question 1

Which of the following is the best example of goods or products spread from the New World to the Old?

A)Apples, horses, and diseases.
B)Peppers, potatoes, and tomatoes.
C)Beer, hops, and wheat.
D)Iron working, steel making and, finally, Automobiles.

Answer 1

B.

Question 2

In the Middle Ages geography often took a backseat to

A)Christian meanings about surroundings.
B)Agricultural diffusion and understandings of the use of seeds.
C)Contemporary medical practices then popular.
D)The philosophical quotations of the late Greeks.

Answer 2

A.

Question 3

The need to accurately measure longitude in the 1600s and 1700s eventually led to

A)the invention of the clock.
B)the invention of diesel power.
C)the construction of London's Crystal Palace.
D)the conglomeration of British colonies in Africa.

Answer 3

A.

Question 4

Scurvy, a debilitating disease caused by the lack of vitamin C in a diet did not affect sailors until

A)they reached Africa which did not have many fruits.
B)they finally reached Japan which had no medical knowledge to speak of.
C)they started taking fruit with them on voyages (which became rotted).
D)they started venturing out farther into oceans and away from coasts.

Question 5

Muslim and Chinese thinkers tried to understand geographic and physical processes like

A)How one can navigate using wind patterns.
B)How atmospheric pressure leads to changes in weather.
C)How migration is the result of push and pull factors.
D)How mountains erode and the effects of water on landscape.

Question 6

The teachings of Carl Ritter seemed to focus

A)on observation and discerning processes.
B)on developing advanced theories.
C)on collecting facts.
D)on accumulating trivia.

Question 7

The T-O map is an expressly religious representation showing water bodies as the body of Christ on the cross with Jerusalem as the head of the body.In this map type, the top was often

A)the Mediterranean Sea.
B)the Orient (or east, thus the word "orienting" for maps used today)
C)the European region.
D)Africa, or as called in that day, "Libya".

Question 8

An analysis of the map of Alexander von Humboldt's travels shows

A)Most of his journeys took place along the eastern Seaboard of the United States.
B)He visited several volcanoes in northern Africa.
C)His trips to Russia solidified his feelings about climate change.
D)Most of his journeys were made to areas of Spanish colonial influence.

Question 9

Many of the studies of Carl O.Sauer, at UC Berkeley

A)Emphasized travel and observation.
B)Stressed changes in processes and landscape over time.
C)was based in teleology, the idea that God is the center of all knowledge.
D)focused on the diffusion of ideas.

Question 10

According to the authors, the oldest known world map

A)was made in China.
B)portrayed Europe in much detail.
C)was from Babylonia.
D)showed Columbus's voyages to the new world.

Question 11

The meaning of the phrase terra incognita is essentially

A)Great black dinosaur.
B)Unknown land.
C)Knowledgeable woman.
D)Beautiful island.

Question 12

Prince Henry, the Navigator of Portugal, funded expeditions that

A)proved that the foundations of T-O maps were baseless.
B)showed there was no uninhabitable 'torrid' zone in the tropics.
C)led to American naval supremacy 100 years later.
D)financed the Euro currency throughout Europe.

Question 13

Eratosthenes measured the circumference of the earth by

A)figuring an angle as a fraction of the total circumference of the Earth.
B)traveling half of the earth and multiplying by 2.
C)observing shadows on the moon through a magnifying glass.
D)meditating in a dark cave.

Question 14

Environmental determinism says that the environment 'determines' peoples' actions.How does 'possibilism' vary from this?

A)Anything is possible out in the environment.
B)Most cultural alternatives are not possible.
C)What is possible is not probable.
D)Environmental effects lead to different possible results.

Question 15

Navigation in the 1400s and 1500s was particularly problematic because

A)sky and star observations made latitude calculations difficult.
B)a good clock to measure longitude had not yet been invented.
C)belief in the tropical 'torrid' zones inhibited exploration southward.
D)the Chinese were consistently ahead of the Europeans in world discovery.

Question 16

Which would be the best characterization of regional geography?

A)The study of physical, cultural and economic pattern in southern Africa.
B)The analysis of many maps to understand banking patterns in Europe.
C)An in-depth study of banana plantations during the early 1900s.
D)A religious study of Mormons in the inter-mountain west in the U.S.

Question 17

The idea that nature is the driving force in what people do and how they live is called

A)possibilism.
B)environmental determinism.
C)processism.
D)locationism.

Question 18

Christopher Columbus had several figures for the size of the earth.The one he chose to sell to the Spanish court, however,

A)would have placed China about where Poland is today.
B)would have placed Japan about where California is today.
C)would have required Columbus to sail around the Americas to get to China.
D)would have focused Spanish trade on Philippines-close to what really happened.

Question 19

The phenomena of the 'Columbian Exchange' has to do with

A)The wives and slaves that Columbus brought back from the New World.
B)The fact that most Spanish sailors took their families to the New World.
C)The 'exchange' of cultural elements between Europe and the Americas.
D)The finances of northern South American and trade with the south.

Question 20

Versions of Ptolemy's maps (from about 100 A.D.)

A)were used 1500 years later.
B)showed the Americas as one land mass.
C)portrayed Japan with an accurately detailed coastline.
D)were always in black and white.

Question 21

The Gravity Model

A)is a simple and useful tool for understanding population interactions through space.
B)is a result of possibilism.
C)is one of Carl O.Sauer's most effective tools.
D)is an understandable analysis using quantitative maps.

Question 22

Anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss's structuralist theory consists of

A)a superstructure and an infrastructure.
B)a megastructure and a microstructure.
C)infrared levels and superred levels.
D)levels that cannot be ascertained by people.

Question 23

Mental maps are used to understand people's

A)concrete decisions in their environment.
B)journey to work commuter patterns people use everyday.
C)environmental decisions related to health.
D)preferences, ideas, concerns, beliefs, and attitudes.

Question 24

The work of Michel Foucault is most directly related to

A)Postmodernism.
B)Structuralism.
C)Environmental determinism.
D)Poststructuralism.

Question 25

Geography studies the earth in many different ways, but the idea that geography is a 'spatial science' was a main trait of

A)the industrial revolution.
B)the possibilism era.
C)the quantitative revolution.
D)cultural landscape.

Question 26

A map of a child's (or a few children's) views of central Boston might be called

A)a choropleth map.
B)a topographic map.
C)a cartogram.
D)a mental map.

Question 27

According to Marxist theory, the map of calories per capita per day shows that

A)there is not enough food in the world for everyone.
B)the problem is not lack of food, rather the improper distribution of it.
C)the food is only going to last if we grow crops somewhere else (like in space).
D)the superstructure of the map points to an infrastructure we cannot easily understand.

Question 28

In geography, structuralism

A)says that humans have very little control over the environment around them.
B)is the idea that cultural patterns are the result of deeper social structures that cannot be easily identified.
C)is in many ways the opposite of 'agency' where people have influence in the world around them.
D)all of the above are examples of structuralism. Scrambling: Locked

Question 29

Poststructuralists

A)don't generally try to understand the infrastructure.
B)don't have the spatial knowledge of Marx and Engels.
C)are virtually the same as postmodernists.
D)generally have little sense of place.

Question 30

According to the map of calories per capita per day shows that

A)lower caloric intake in the Americas overall.
B)higher caloric intake in Southern Asia overall.
C)lower caloric intake in Europe and Russia overall.
D)lower caloric intake in Africa and parts of Asia.

Question 31

Partially, humanistic geography developed out of

A)a reaction to some geographers' attempts to analyze everything scientifically.
B)the fundamentalist religious trends sweeping the developed world at the time.
C)attempts to map everything using 'hard' data.
D)finding out that quantitative analysis was probably the best approach to understanding spatial relationships.

Question 32

Topophilia and topophobia were

A)two Greek philosophers instrumental in developing geographic ideas.
B)discussed by Yi-Fu Tuan and signify 'love' or 'fear' of place.
C)brought into this world by the ancient Babylonians.
D)nearly identical to the landscape morphology ideas of Carl O.Sauer.

Question 33

Behavioral geography

A)focuses on psychological processes behind spatial decisions.
B)uses monkeys in laboratories similar to the discipline of psychology.
C)is one step away from Huntington's brand of environmental determinism.
D)cannot be used to understand cultural landscape.

Question 34

According to the figure, structuralists

A)try to make culture appear like a big jigsaw puzzle.
B)try to make theories about the underlying machine which makes the jigsaw puzzle.
C)try to analyze gears and machinery in the geography of factories.
D)see the puzzle of the landscape as easily theorized.

Question 35

Up until only a few years ago most computers

A)could perform about what computers can perform today.
B)could not be operated with complicated algorithms by normal users.
C)were very small and very compact.
D)none of the above. Scrambling: Locked

Question 36

Modern GIS applications allow geographers to understand information

A)in different layers.
B)in single, individual printed maps.
C)solely in printed form.
D)only in tables and charts-maps are not a part of GIS.

Question 37

The building on the right within the figure

A)is more modernist, because of its squarish, rectilinear shape.
B)is more post-modernist because of its odd angles and shapes.
C)is more structuralist because the underlying steel cannot be seen.
D)is more Marxist because this building led to worker revolt.

Question 38

Saudi women do not have as broad a geographic scope as men.Such gender studies emphasizing equal rights and the female perspective are covered under the name of

A)Hembraism.
B)Dadaism.
C)Mormonism.
D)Feminism.

Question 39

Cultural geography today often focuses on theories while in the late 1800s and early 1900s

A)post-modernism was popular.
B)post-structuralism was popular.
C)local absolutism was dominant.
D)exploration and environmental determinism were often seen.

Question 40

Which of the following is not information used in the base map?

A)Zoning and land use categories.
B)Spot elevations and contour lines.
C)Buildings and other structures.
D)Roads.