Deck 6: Roles and Inequality

Question 1

As societies grow larger,people may do most of their socializing in

A) ethnic groups.
B) territorial groups.
C) social networks.
D) kinship groups.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

According to Rogozen-Soltar in "Becoming Muslim in Europe," the Spanish Inquisition was an effort to ensure a uniform religious and ethnic population in Spain.Over the course of several hundred years,__________ were forced to convert,or be killed or exiled.

A) Catholics
B) Muslims and Jews
C) Catholics and Jews
D) Catholics and Muslims

Answer 2

B

Question 3

According to research cited by Shandy and Moe in "Negotiating Work and Family in America," the Washoe Indians of the Sierra Nevada Mountains in southern California exhibit relative gender equality due to the fact that

A) the women are solely responsible for providing the food for the family groups.
B) men and women are responsible for their own individual needs for food.
C) the men provide virtually all of the food by hunting for animal proteins.
D) both men and women forage for edible plants and both catch small animals as a source of protein.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

When the author returned to Spain in 2008,María Martínez

A) had converted to Islam and was working with Muslims who were victims of religious discrimination.
B) was still married but had retained her Catholic beliefs.
C) had divorced her husband due to religious differences.
D) still believed that an individual could not be both Spanish and Muslim.

Question 5

According to Shandy and Moe in "Negotiating Work and Family in America," ethnographic
Research about the Inuit people of the Arctic
Indicates that the males

A) share responsibility with the females for providing the animal protein to the community.
B) provide virtually all of the food needs by hunting seals, walruses, whales, and fish.
C) forage for edible plants in addition to providing the community with necessary animal protein.
D) and females work to meet their own individual needs for food.

Question 6

Time,place,and objects are significant markers of

A) social groups.
B) social networks.
C) roles.
D) social situations.

Question 7

__________ is the only industrialized country that fails to provide paid leave for new
Mothers.

A) Sweden
B) United States
C) Papua New Guinea
D) Lesotho

Question 8

What factor do Shandy and Moe point to in "Negotiating Work and Family in America" as the most important in understanding why women with unprecedented access to education,jobs,and income,"opt out" of the workforce-

A) gender
B) income
C) education
D) generation

Question 9

A society in which there is unequal access to prestige but equal access to economic resources is called a(n)

A) egalitarian society.
B) socially stratified society.
C) rank society.
D) class society.

Question 10

When the author first met María Martínez in 2006,she had married a Jordanian man and

A) planned to convert to Islam.
B) had given up wine, pork, and beer in preparation of converting to Islam.
C) had converted to Islam prior to marriage.
D) could not imagine a Spanish woman converting to Islam.

Question 11

If a friend were to say,"He's the president of the college," the term "president" would refer to a

A) status.
B) role.
C) social situation.
D) social relationship.

Question 12

According to Shandy and Moe in "Negotiating Work and Family in America," women now
Serve as primary breadwinners in
__________ percent of all families,and own __________ of all U.S.businesses.

A) 30, two thirds
B) 40, one third
C) 20, two thirds
D) 10, one third

Question 13

According to Shandy and Moe in "Negotiating Work and Family in America," factors that pull women to resign from work and return to home full time include three of the following.Which one do they not mention-

A) being with their children
B) lower stress
C) sense of responsibility
D) a biological imperative

Question 14

Like the women in hunter-gatherer societies who share the responsibility for food supply,
Shandy and Moe argue in "Negotiating Work and Family in America" that U.S.women

A) now hold jobs traditionally reserved for men but have not gained the power and equality that comes with these jobs.
B) still do not have access to education, jobs, and income as men do.
C) have increasingly gained power and equality as they hold jobs once reserved for men.
D) have gained access to education, but have not made inroads in equality in the area of corporate and government jobs.

Question 15

A group ranked in a system of social stratification into which members are born for life is called a

A) caste.
B) class.
C) rank society.
D) stratified society.

Question 16

Particular social categories of people who interact are labeled

A) roles.
B) statuses.
C) social situations.
D) social groups.

Question 17

The culturally defined behaviors associated with particular social statuses are called

A) social identities.
B) social roles.
C) status clusters.
D) social action clusters.

Question 18

Shandy and Moe,in "Negotiating Work and Family in America," argue that a key to women's rank is

A) control over family finances.
B) having a large number of children.
C) obtaining high-level occupational positions.
D) their contribution of goods and services toward family maintenance.

Question 19

As a result of the Spanish Inquisition and Franco's enforcement of Catholicism as a
National religion,most Spaniards

A) believe it is easy to be both Muslim and Spanish.
B) embrace their fellow citizens who are exercising religious freedom by converting.
C) view Catholicism as integral to their national identity.
D) grow up in religiously diverse towns and cities, exposed to many other religions.

Question 20

Anthropologists and sociologists argue that American racial groups are equivalent to
Indian__________ because racial identity is permanent and affects chances for acquisition
Of prestige and economic success,and there are noticeable cultural differences among black
And white people in the United States.

A) classes
B) castes
C) kinship groups
D) social groups

Question 21

According to Fish in "Mixed Blood," the terms moreno,loura,branca,and preta all refer to

A) areas of Brazil after which groups of people are named.
B) Brazilian names for different tipos (types).
C) areas of Brazil from which particular tipos are thought to have originated.
D) a folk taxonomy of skin colors starting with black and ending with white.

Question 22

According to Fish in "Mixed Blood," an increase in immigration has caused the most rapidly
Growing census category,which is now

A) other.
B) black.
C) Asian.
D) Native American.

Question 23

Prior to the 1950s,motorcycle riding had what many perceived as an image; that it was suitable for

A) average Americans.
B) women only.
C) outlaws.
D) couples.

Question 24

The five pillars of the Islamic faith include: the recitation of the __________,daily prayers,
Fasting during __________,annual charitable giving,and pilgrimage to Mecca once
During the lifetime of those who are able.

A) Koran, Shahada
B) Shahada, Ramadan
C) Hijab, si Dios lo quiere
D) Insh'allah, Shahada

Question 25

According to McCurdy in "Motorcycles,Membership,and Belonging," the official magazine of the GWRRA that reaches over 70,000 members is called

A) Wing World.
B) Wing Nut.
C) Gold Wing Riders Monthly.
D) Wing Ding.

Question 26

According to Fish in "Mixed Blood," the striking contrast between the very tall Masai and
The stature of the very short Pygmies,both of Africa,is representative of

A) race.
B) folk taxonomy.
C) hypo-descent.
D) human biological variety.

Question 27

According to McCurdy in "Motorcycles,Membership,and Belonging," the GWRRA offers the same opportunities for __________ that can still be found in rural Indian extended families and close-knit communities today.

A) belonging and loyalty
B) individualism
C) competition
D) privacy and independence

Question 28

According to Fish in "Mixed Blood," the American conception of race

A) is based on what body shapes people have.
B) is based on the racial identity of one's parents.
C) ignores the principle of hypo-descent.
D) is based on biological reality.

Question 29

After becoming a Muslim,María Martínez believed that the best way to fight popular
Assumptions that Islam and Spanishness are diametrically opposed was to

A) remind Catholic and secular Spaniards about their country's Muslim heritage.
B) write letters to the editors of local papers, demanding equal treatment for Muslims.
C) adopt traditional Muslim dress, including a hajib, whenever she went out.
D) try to convert as many Spaniards to Islam as possible.

Question 30

According to Fish in "Mixed Blood," an avocado is classed as a in the United States and a ____ in Brazil.

A) fruit, seed
B) seed, nut
C) vegetable, nut
D) vegetable, fruit

Question 31

In "Motorcycles,Membership,and Belonging," McCurdy argues that Honda company employees take on the role of __________ as they ride along with "Wingers" as participant observers,gaining insight on how to improve and redesign their motorcycles to meet riders' needs.

A) detached observer
B) ethnographers
C) respondents
D) reporters

Question 32

According to McCurdy in "Motorcycles,Membership,and Belonging," because the GWRRA is organized around couples and not individuals,the GWRRA has unintentionally

A) diminished the role of women within the organization; women hold very few positions of authority and make up a minority at all organized events.
B) offended women, causing them to form their own Gold Wing riding association.
C) created an important role for women in the organization; women hold high-level positions and make up a majority of volunteers at rallies and fund-raisers.
D) largely ignored women who ride motorcycles in the United States and Canada.

Question 33

In "Mixed Blood," Fish argues that human biological races do not exist because

A) people from anywhere on the planet can mate with others from anywhere else and produce fertile offspring.
B) scientists have ignored important physical traits such as body shape.
C) people find it politically incorrect to name them.
D) the real traits that indicate genetic groupings cannot be observed.

Question 34

Spaniards who convert to Islam

A) are required to legally change their status as a Spanish citizen to reflect this conversion.
B) face little discrimination and are accepted throughout the country.
C) endanger their social standing as recognized and respected members of Spanish society.
D) are welcomed with open arms by Muslims who have immigrated to Spain from Muslim countries.