Deck 7: Law and Politics

Question 1

According to Sutherland in "The Case of an American Gypsy," Gypsies find which of the following things polluting (marime)-

A) relatives from other vitsas
B) non-Gypsies
C) Social Security benefits
D) driving cars

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A feud is an example of

A) coercion.
B) a legal dispute.
C) an infralegal dispute.
D) an extralegal dispute.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Among some Indian cultures,a(n) __________ is described as a supernaturally controlled,painful,or physically dangerous test that is used to settle a dispute.

A) moot
B) go-between
C) self-redress
D) ordeal

Answer 3

D

Question 4

A dispute that is below the level of the legal process and without violence is

A) a legal dispute.
B) an extralegal dispute.
C) an infralegal dispute.
D) a feud.

Question 5

in "The Case of an American Gypsy," Sutherland notes that the lawyer defending a young Gypsy man of using a relative's Social Security number argued in court that

A) the Gypsy had not intended to commit a crime when he used the number.
B) the Gypsy used the number because of a fear of pollution (marime) from non-Gypsies.
C) Gypsies did not traditionally use Social Security, so Social Security numbers had no importance to them.
D) many Gypsies are undocumented due to the broken immigration system.

Question 6

According to Sutherland in "The Case of an American Gypsy," a young Gypsy man was indicted by the government for

A) hiding his identity from authorities.
B) stealing cars.
C) using a relative's Social Security number.
D) lying to authorities about his real American name.

Question 7

According to Sutherland in "The Case of an American Gypsy," officials in the American justice system often

A) view Gypsies as a criminal society.
B) trump up evidence against Gypsies.
C) deny Gypsy defendants their rights while they are in jail.
D) get extensive training in Gypsy culture.

Question 8

According to Spradley and McCurdy in "Law and Order," the agreed upon way to settle disputes is called

A) courts.
B) legal principles.
C) procedural law.
D) substantive law.

Question 9

The cultural knowledge that people use to settle disputes by means of agents who have recognized authority is called

A) law.
B) politics.
C) a court.
D) self?redress.

Question 10

Anything that contributes to the adoption of public policy and its enforcement is called

A) authority.
B) coercion.
C) legitimacy.
D) support.

Question 11

When people feel that a policy is wrong,but accept it because they value the government that makes the policy,they are giving a kind of support called

A) legitimacy.
B) coercion.
C) authority.
D) leadership.

Question 12

In "Law and Order," Spradley and McCurdy argue that the legal statutes that define right and wrong are

A) legal rules.
B) substantive law.
C) procedural law.
D) legal levels.

Question 13

When disputes are settled through a community meet-ing that provides for an informal airing of the conflict,we term this kind of settlement process

A) an ordeal.
B) a court.
C) a moot.
D) a contest.

Question 14

According to Sutherland in "The Case of an American Gypsy," Gypsies treat Social Security numbers as

A) unimportant, because they do not use Social Security.
B) corporate property of their kin group, the vitsa.
C) a way to defraud banks so that they can get illegal loans.
D) a source of prestige, because they believe higher numbers bring greater success.

Question 15

The process of making and carrying out public policy through the use of culturally defined categories and rules is called

A) the political system.
B) legitimacy.
C) coercion.
D) authority.

Question 16

The people whom a policy will affect are called the

A) public.
B) faction.
C) tribe.
D) band.

Question 17

In "The Case of an American Gypsy," Sutherland reports that for Gypsies,going to jail

A) often provides needed time to recover from alcoholism.
B) helps them learn English and skills that facilitate getting real jobs in American society.
C) is welcomed because they finally get enough to eat there.
D) is an especially cruel punishment because it separates them from their kin.

Question 18

According to Spradley and McCurdy in "Law and Order," in the Zapotec village of Ralu'a two cases-a flirtation of a married man and a son who took coffee from his father without permission-illustrate

A) substantive law.
B) procedural law.
C) a legal principle.
D) infralegal law.

Question 19

The case of the Gypsy defendant described by Sutherland in "The Case of an American Gypsy" represents a good illustration of what happens when

A) a foreign people takes advantage of a lenient judicial system.
B) greedy lawyers misrepresent their non-American clients.
C) anthropological testimony is misused in court.
D) a normal practice for one group is a crime for another.

Question 20

The right to make and enforce public policy is called

A) coercion.
B) authority.
C) legitimacy.
D) leadership.

Question 21

In "Illegal Economies and the Untold Story of Amputees," Nordstrom illustrates that the self-run,informal banking system that the women of Muleque developed was

A) based on stability, trust, and allegiance.
B) regulated to ensure that a woman did not receive all of the money and then immediately leave the group.
C) taxed and monitored by the government.
D) unsuccessful in providing women with proceeds to invest in farming or other items.

Question 22

According to Eames in in "Negotiating Nigerian Bureaucracies," bribery

A) terminates a personal relationship.
B) can lead to arrest in Nigerian society.
C) initiates a personal relationship.
D) is very uncommon in Nigerian bureaucracy.

Question 23

When Eames was finally able to obtain her visa,it came through due to

A) a Nigerian custom called dash.
B) intervention by the American consulate.
C) intervention by the Nigerian government.
D) a Nigerian custom known as Long-Leg.

Question 24

According to Nordstrom in "Illegal Economies and the Untold Story of Amputees," the United Nations worker equated __________ to the invisible center of gravity of the society.

A) women
B) men
C) informal economies
D) information banking systems

Question 25

In "Illegal Economies and the Untold Story of Amputees," Nordstrom observes that the earnings,networks,and contributions to development by the amputees and other women in Africa

A) do not contribute as much to the economy as the amount earned in unauthorized diamond mining.
B) rival the entire gross domestic products (GDPs) of the countries of this region of the world.
C) pale in comparison to the GDPs of countries in this region of the world.
D) do not rise to the level of the $1 billion a year lost from oil profits.

Question 26

According to Eames in in "Negotiating Nigerian Bureaucracies," patrimonial practices similar to those found in Nigerian society do occur in the United States.The use of such practices

A) occurs solely in the political arena.
B) is considered an illegitimate way to conduct business.
C) cannot coexist within a system of bureaucratically organized, legal domination.
D) is considered a legitimate way to conduct business.

Question 27

According to Spradley and McCurdy in "Law and Order," toward the end of her stay in Ralu'a,anthropologist Laura Nader "made the balance," by

A) convincing the priest that she was not a protestant.
B) working as a mayoral in the court.
C) donating a barrel of mescal at a fiesta.
D) giving gifts to the presidente and other town officials.

Question 28

Eames' attempt to become a registered "occasional postgraduate student" while in Nigeria
Was symbolic of the patrimonial bureaucracy there,because

A) the author was able to visit the required offices and complete the process in under an hour.
B) nothing about registering was routine; everything was personalized and no one could tell her how to go about registering.
C) registering was an impersonal, clearly defined process that was simple to complete.
D) it required the intervention of the American government.

Question 29

According to Nordstrom in "Illegal Economies and the Untold Story of Amputees," when a woman receives the entire banking pot in her informal banking group,she often will use the money to

A) purchase a boutique and set up a formal business.
B) build a decent home to live in.
C) buy a car and hire a driver.
D) invest in a small piece of farmland to grow and harvest crops to sell.

Question 30

In the Western system of legal domination,an official's authority is based on

A) a given office, not the person who holds that office.
B) a combination of tradition and arbitrary decisions by the individual in charge.
C) who the officeholder knows in power above him or her.
D) how many individuals are indebted to him or her for past favors.

Question 31

According to Nordstrom in "Illegal Economies and the Untold Story of Amputees," the efforts of the amputee women to group together,form banking systems,and move from local subsistence to international profitmaking

A) were a haphazard reaction to their circumstances.
B) were part of a carefully crafted plan of development.
C) brought significantly less money into the country than unauthorized diamond mining.
D) were not central to the economy of the country.

Question 32

As reported by Spradley and McCurdy in "Law and Order," anthropologist Laura Nader feels that in Ralu'a,there is a strong value on_________,which underlies the community's substantive and procedural law.

A) private property
B) religious piety
C) personal success
D) maintaining equilibrium

Question 33

According to Nordstrom in "Illegal Economies and the Untold Story of Amputees," the first step in the informal economy formed by marginalized women in Muleque is

A) making products to sell at a small marketplace.
B) investment in a woman's informal bank.
C) hard labor.
D) begging.

Question 34

The famous American saying "It's not what you know,it's who you know" best describes the primary dynamic of

A) the legal bureaucracy of the United States.
B) the civil service system of the Han Dynasty in China.
C) the patrimonial authority of Nigerian society.
D) the constitutional monarchy of the United Kingdom.

Question 35

According to Spradley and McCurdy in "Law and Order," the rule in Ralu'a that principales and their families should not use the court to settle family disputes is an example of

A) self-redress.
B) legal levels.
C) legal structure.
D) procedural law.

Question 36

In Nigeria,power and authority derive from

A) ownership of landed property.
B) the ability to grant favors to loyal dependents.
C) a person's wealth.
D) a person's social class.