Deck 4: Understanding Philosophy and Styles

Question 1

______ is defined as the behaviors of leaders,focusing on what leaders do and how they act.

A)Leadership philosophy
B)Leadership style
C)Assumption #1 of Theory Y
D)Assumption # 2 of Theory Y

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Upon interviewing for an internship you notice that the workplace is a positive environment,people seem engaged in their work,and participative in meetings during your time there.The leadership of the office likely enages in ______ leadership.

A)democratic
B)Theory X
C)laissez-faire
D)authoritarian

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A manager views their employees as unmotivated unless a reward is given.This manager's views align with which assumption of Theory X?

A)People dislike work because managers are generally irresponsible.
B)People need to be directed and controlled.
C)People want security not responsibility.
D)People will argue unless consequences are strict.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Your new manager is highly motivational,gives clear directions and timelines,and is quick to point out inefficiencies.They likely ascribe to ______ leadership philosophy.

A)Theory X
B)Theory Y
C)laissez-faire
D)authoritarian

Question 5

The outcomes of authoritarian leadership include all of the following except ______.

A)efficient
B)productive
C)submissiveness
D)individuality

Question 6

You are appointed to head a special project team with a two week deadline.You need to be efficient and timely.Which leadership style should you enact?

A)democratic
B)laissez-faire
C)authoritarian
D)Theory Y

Question 7

A person's view of people,work,and human nature shape their ______.

A)personal leadership philosophy
B)outlook on life
C)potential
D)goals and aspirations

Question 8

An organization that emphasizes common cultural values,beliefs,and objectives while highly collaborative is known as a ______.

A)democratic organization
B)Theory Y organization
C)Theory X organization
D)Theory Z organization

Question 9

______ leaders provide information,guidance,and suggestions and do so without applying pressure.

A)Theory X
B)Authoritarian
C)Democratic
D)Laissez-faire

Question 10

Which of the following is an outcome of democratic leadership?

A)efficiency
B)productive
C)established goals
D)cohesiveness

Question 11

Authoritarian leadership can become ______ leadership where leaders coerce followers to engage in unethical or immoral activities.

A)abusive
B)difficult
C)empowering
D)beneficial

Question 12

You step in to a new position with management of a team.You notice the team relies heavily on you to set goals,they never offer new ideas,and they depend on you to make all decisions.It is likely that your predecessor used which style of leadership?

A)Theory Y
B)authoritarian
C)laissez-faire
D)democratic

Question 13

Douglas McGregor's theory on leadership is ______.

A)laissez-faire
B)Theory X and Theory Y
C)democratic
D)authoritarian

Question 14

Which of the following is not used to describe authoritarian leadership?

A)pessimistic
B)negative
C)empowering
D)discouraging

Question 15

Which of the following is not an assumption of Theory X?

A)People dislike work.
B)People need to be disliked and controlled.
C)People dislike each other.
D)People want security not responsibility.

Question 16

Your new manager requires that all communication is directed towards them and not circulated among the team,determines and sets goals for the team,and is quick to praise and criticize.Their behaviors most closely align with which style?

A)Theory Y
B)laissez-faire
C)democratic
D)authoritarian

Question 17

Democratic leadership results in greater group member ______.

A)satisfaction
B)commitment
C)cohesiveness
D)all of these

Question 18

The authoritarian leadership style is most similar to ______.

A)Theory X
B)Theory Y
C)leader-member exchange theory
D)unrealized strengths

Question 19

Former President Jimmy Carter and his work in retirement is given as an example of which philosophy?

A)Theory X
B)Theory Y
C)laissez-faire
D)democratic

Question 20

Which of the following is an assumption of Theory Y?

A)People like their coworkers.
B)People like and identify with their leader.
C)People believe work conditions will improve.
D)People accept and seek responsibility.

Question 21

While interning with a company for the summer,you feel the climate is stagnant,four employees out of twelve leave during your three months there,and few employees seem to know whats going on or be engaged in their work.The office would appear to operate under which leadership style?

A)authoritarian
B)eemocratic
C)laissez-faire
D)Theory Y

Question 22

An organization that maintains formal authority structures while also recognizing individual achievements is known as a ______ organization.

A)Theory Z
B)Theory X
C)Theory Y
D)laissez-faire

Question 23

A person who sees work as engaging and satisfying would identify with which philosophy or style?

A)Theory X
B)Theory Y
C)authoritarian
D)laissez-faire

Question 24

The primary work on styles of leadership (authoritarian,democratic,laissez-faire)was done by ______.

A)McGregor
B)Lewin, Lippitt, and White
C)Graen and Uhl-Bien
D)Burns

Question 25

What theory asserts that workers want to be taken care of and protected by their leaders?

A)Theory Y
B)Theory X
C)authoritarian
D)democratic

Question 26

Theory Y managers believe ______.

A)the average person is inherently resourceful
B)people are more productive when they depend on their bosses
C)people have the capacity to engage in a wide range of goal-setting and problem solving
D)the average person is inherently resourceful and people have the capacity to engage in a wide range of goal-setting and problem solving

Question 27

Which of the following are commonly observed styles of leadership?

A)authoritarian
B)democratic
C)exploratory
D)authoritarian and democratic

Question 28

Laissez-faire leadership has what impact on follower productivity?

A)reduces productivity
B)increases productivity
C)maintains productivity
D)ignores productivity

Question 29

According to authoritarian leadership,______.

A)leaders should encourage communication among group members
B)leaders need to exert influence and control over group members
C)subordinates need direction
D)leaders need to exert influence and control over group members and subordinates need direction

Question 30

Helping each subordinate reach their own personal goals is important to ______ leadership.

A)democratic
B)authoritarian
C)laissez-faire
D)Theory X

Question 31

Laissez-faire leaders ______.

A)encourage communication between group members and with the leader
B)engage in minimal influence over followers
C)give objective praise and criticism of workers
D)encourage communication between group members and with the leader and give objective praise and criticism of workers

Question 32

Democratic leadership style is described as having what downside?

A)It takes more time.
B)It negatively impacts followers.
C)It hinders creativity.
D)It negatively impacts leaders.

Question 33

Leaders who exhibit higher amounts of influence over their followers are ______.

A)democratic
B)authoritarian
C)egalitarian
D)laissez-faire

Question 34

Jack's immediate boss lets him set his own schedule,does not offer support or direction,and is generally hands-off.Jack's boss is following which of the following leadership philosophies?

A)Theory X
B)Theory Y
C)laissez-faire
D)democratic

Question 35

When followers are left completely on their own with no direction,they become ______.

A)frustrated
B)happy
C)engaged
D)goal-driven

Question 36

Authoritarian leadership assumes that workers wish to ______ responsibility and prefer to be ______.

A)accept; left alone
B)avoid; directed
C)shirk; scolded
D)embrace; congratulated

Question 37

Democratic leaders ______.

A)treat subordinates as fully capable of doing work on their own
B)work with subordinates, treating them in an egalitarian manner
C)use hierarchy to separate levels of competence
D)treat subordinates as fully capable of doing work on their own and work with subordinates,treating them in an egalitarian manner

Question 38

Outcomes from laissez-faire leadership are ______.

A)directionless followers
B)chaos
C)frustration
D)all of these

Question 39

Which of the following describes the laissez-faire leadership style?

A)group members participate in decision making
B)very little is accomplished
C)lets employees know rules and standards for what they are supposed to do
D)leaders are quick to point out inefficiencies

Question 40

Laissez-faire leadership has been labeled by some as ______.

A)bad leadership
B)nonleadership
C)aggressive leadership
D)negative leadership

Question 41

Democratic leaders give objective praise and criticism.

Question 42

Victoria Ransom believes that ______ and ______ are important and need to be universally embraced within a company or they will crumble.

A)values; culture
B)leaders; followers
C)profits; customer service
D)rules; regulations

Question 43

Democratic leadership results in stronger motivation and greater originality.

Question 44

A professor who persuades students to hand in homework assignments by threatening them with bad grades is an example of Theory X leadership.

Question 45

The worker who says "If I didn't need to pay my bills,I would never work" is an example of the Theory Y assumptions.

Question 46

From the perspective of Theory X,leaders play a significant role in getting others to accomplish their work.

Question 47

A manager who views their subordinates as capable of self-direction and thus provides minimal guidance and support could be a ______ leader.

A)democratic
B)authoritarian
C)Theory Y
D)democratic and Theory Y

Question 48

Authoritarian leadership can lead to increased efficiency and clarity in people's work.

Question 49

In developing his ideas about Theory Z organizations,William Ouchi contrasted individualistic work cultures from American companies with those of more collectivistic ______ companies.

A)Brazilian
B)English
C)Soviet
D)Japanese

Question 50

In their research on leadership styles,Lewin,Lippitt,and White studied the impact of authoritarian,democratic,and laissez-fair styles on what subject group?

A)business executives
B)10-year-old boys
C)college students
D)laborers

Question 51

When a new employee is just learning a new job,what style might be the most effective in orienting them to the work?

A)Theory Y
B)democratic
C)authoritarian
D)laissez-faire

Question 52

Authoritarian,democratic,and laissez-faire are all distinct styles that do not overlap.

Question 53

As a manager you have trained and worked with your team for three years.A new project is assigned to your group,one that is very similar to previous projects the team has accomplished with great success.In this situation it might be appropriate to use ______ leadership.

A)Theory X
B)authoritarian
C)laissez-faire
D)Theory X and authoritarian

Question 54

A manager is constantly giving directives to employees and micromanaging them.This manager engages in Theory Y leadership.

Question 55

Leadership styles are not distinct entities,which means a leader may exhibit ______ style in a given situation.

A)more than one
B)only one
C)a democratic
D)an authoritarian

Question 56

Our philosophy of leadership is based on a unique set of beliefs and attitudes about the nature of people and work.

Question 57

Leaders who exhibit higher amounts of influence are more democratic.

Question 58

Douglas McGregor believed that understanding worker's motivations was the key to becoming an effective ______.

A)manager
B)follower
C)CEO
D)board member

Question 59

Leadership styles can be thought of as a continuum from high leader influence to low leader influence.High leader influence is associated with Authoritarian styles,while little or no leader influence is ______ style.

A)Theory X
B)democratic
C)Theory Y
D)laissez-faire

Question 60

You meet with your manager for a performance review.The manager previously gave you an objective rubric that they would be using for this review.It is likely that your manager ascribes to ______ leadership.

A)authoritarian
B)democratic
C)laissez-faire
D)Theory X

Question 61

Are there times when authoritarian leadership style becomes unethical? Provide examples to support your arguments.

Question 62

How does Laissez-Faire leadership compare to Theory X and Theory Y?

Question 63

Analyze authoritarian leadership style for the positive and negative aspects of its outcomes.When would you utilize this style,when would you not?

Question 64

Discuss and analyze Victoria Ransom's leadership from the Leadership Snapshot.Which leadership style do you think she most closely practices?

Question 65

Under what circumstances can the laissez-fair style of leadership work? Have you experience laissez-faire leadership? Were the outcomes positive or negative in your experience?

Question 66

Briefly discuss two assumptions of Theory X

Question 67

Why does the democratic style of leadership promote greater creativity among employees than the other styles of leadership?

Question 68

Are you a Theory X Leader,or a Theory Y Leader? Support your answer with specific examples.

Question 69

Briefly discuss two assumptions of Theory Y

Question 70

Distinguish between a philosophy of leadership and a style of leadership.How do they inform each other?