Deck 14: Psychological Disorders

Question 1

Any behavior that prevents an individual from functioning well in typical daily activities would be considered:

A)statistically deviant
B)dysfunctional
C)culturally deviant
D)emotionally distressing

Answer 1

dysfunctional

Question 2

Carlin ran naked across center ice during the opening face-off in a playoff hockey game.When the police arrested him, he did not seem the least bit disturbed by his actions or by his subsequent arrest.In this example, Carlin's "streaking" would most likely be considered:

A)emotionally disturbing and psychologically abnormal
B)emotionally disturbing but psychologically normal
C)culturally deviant and psychologically abnormal
D)culturally deviant but psychologically normal

Answer 2

culturally deviant and psychologically abnormal

Question 3

Any behavior that violates the accepted standards of society would be considered:

A)statistically deviant
B)dysfunctional
C)emotionally distressing
D)culturally deviant

Answer 3

culturally deviant

Question 4

Sal's ideas about germs and contamination make life very difficult.He eats little and is underweight.He won't go out in public, which cost him his job and friends.Sal's behavior would be considered abnormal based on:

A)statistical deviance
B)personal distress
C)cultural deviance
D)dysfunction

Question 5

Dot sits on her bed humming most of the day.The director of the homeless shelter says Dot never creates trouble; she just hums.Dot's humming behavior might be considered abnormal based on the criterion of:

A)The Concept of Insanity
B)dysfunction
C)cultural deviance
D)emotional distress

Question 6

One of the criteria used to define abnormal behavior is dysfunction.For a behavior to be considered dysfunctional, it must:

A)occur infrequently among the members of a population
B)violate the accepted standards of society
C)cause the individual to experience great despair and unhappiness
D)prevent the individual from functioning well in typical daily activities

Question 7

Reba has experienced constant grief since her sister died in a car accident 10 days ago.She finds she often cries herself to sleep at night, and she sometimes daydreams about her sister.In spite of her grief, Reba has still been attending her classes at the university.In this example, Reba's grief would most likely be considered:

A)emotionally disturbing but psychologically normal
B)emotionally disturbing and psychologically abnormal
C)dysfunctional and psychologically abnormal
D)dysfunctional but psychologically normal

Question 8

Bernard works at Raytel Enterprises.At the last board meeting, he showed up wearing pajamas and slippers.Several of his coworkers commented on the inappropriateness of his clothing, but Bernard did not seem to be disturbed or embarrassed by their comments.In this example, Bernard's style of dressing would most likely be considered:

A)emotionally distressing
B)dysfunctional
C)delusional
D)culturally deviant

Question 9

One of the criteria used to define abnormal behavior is statistical deviance.For a behavior to be considered statistically deviant it must:

A)occur infrequently among the members of a population
B)violate the accepted standards of society
C)cause the individual to experience great despair and unhappiness
D)prevent the individual from functioning well in typical daily activities

Question 10

Gordon has a unique ability that allows him to play any piece of music without any errors, after hearing it only once.He has used his unique ability to become a highly successful musician.In this example, Gordon's musical skills would most likely be considered:

A)statistically deviant and psychologically abnormal
B)statistically deviant but psychologically normal
C)culturally deviant and psychologically abnormal
D)culturally deviant but psychologically normal

Question 11

Any behavior that causes an individual to experience great despair and unhappiness would be considered:

A)culturally deviant
B)statistically deviant
C)emotionally distressing
D)dysfunctional

Question 12

One of the criteria used to define abnormal behavior is emotional distress.For a behavior to be considered emotionally distressing it must:

A)cause the individual to experience great despair and unhappiness
B)occur infrequently among the members of a population
C)violate the accepted standards of society
D)prevent the individual from functioning well in typical daily activities

Question 13

Daniel constantly experiences feelings of dread and despair.Although there is no real threat, he is convinced that something terrible is going to occur at any minute, and he finds himself fantasizing about committing suicide.In spite of his anxiety, he still meets his daily responsibilities and has not missed a day of work in over three years.In this example, Daniel's dread and despair would most likely be considered:

A)emotionally disturbing but psychologically normal
B)dysfunctional and psychologically abnormal
C)dysfunctional but psychologically normal
D)emotionally disturbing and psychologically abnormal

Question 14

Which of the following would be considered when determining whether a behavior is abnormal?

A)statistical deviance
B)dysfunction
C)cultural deviance
D)all of these choices

Question 15

Arthur is not a very conscientious individual.He often sleeps late in the morning, and on mornings when he oversleeps, he usually just skips work.He has already been fired from four different jobs, but he is not concerned because he feels that there are lots of other jobs available.In this example, Arthur's lack of dedication to his various jobs would most likely be considered:

A)emotionally disturbing and psychologically abnormal
B)emotionally disturbing but psychologically normal
C)dysfunctional but psychologically normal
D)dysfunctional and psychologically abnormal

Question 16

One of the criteria used to define abnormal behavior is cultural deviance.For a behavior to be considered culturally deviant, it must:

A)occur infrequently among the members of a population
B)cause the individual to experience great despair and unhappiness
C)violate the accepted standards of society
D)prevent the individual from functioning well in typical daily activities

Question 17

Any behavior that occurs infrequently among the members of a population would be considered:

A)culturally deviant
B)dysfunctional
C)emotionally distressing
D)statistically deviant

Question 18

Martin displays a behavior that is considered statistically deviant, which means the behavior:

A)occurs infrequently among the members of a population
B)violates the accepted standards of society
C)causes the individual to experience great despair and unhappiness
D)prevents the individual from functioning well in typical daily activities

Question 19

Talia has found that whenever the telephone rings, she feels an overwhelming sense of panic that can immobilize her for several hours.In this example, the overwhelming panic that Talia experiences would most likely be considered:

A)statistically deviant and psychologically abnormal
B)statistically deviant but psychologically normal
C)culturally deviant and psychologically abnormal
D)culturally deviant but psychologically normal

Question 20

Valerie has embezzled just over two million dollars from the company where she works.She feels no remorse for her actions, and she is looking forward to an early retirement in Argentina.In this example, the embezzling that Valerie has done would most likely be considered:

A)emotionally disturbing and psychologically abnormal
B)emotionally disturbing but psychologically normal
C)culturally deviant but psychologically normal
D)culturally deviant and psychologically abnormal

Question 21

Which of the following is a correct statement with regard to the medical model?

A)most mental disorders cannot be classified according to symptoms
B)most mental disorders have well-defined or consistent physical causes
C)labeling a psychological problem as an illness can lead to stigma
D)the medical model puts too much emphasis on cultural context

Question 22

Rose has anorexia nervosa and is slowly starving herself to death.However, she claims that she feels fine, and she doesn't understand why other people don't leave her alone.In this example, Rose's eating disorder would most likely be considered:

A)emotionally disturbing and psychologically abnormal
B)emotionally disturbing but psychologically normal
C)dysfunctional and psychologically abnormal
D)dysfunctional but psychologically normal

Question 23

The legal term referring to the inability to understand certain actions are wrong at the time of a crime is:

A)dysfunction
B)deviance
C)insanity
D)incompetence

Question 24

Ted believes that drug therapy is the best approach for treating psychological problems because psychological problems are really illnesses caused by biochemical abnormalities.Ted believes in:

A)the results of the Rosenhan study
B)the medical model
C)the standard view of The Concept of Insanity
D)the DSM

Question 25

Which of the following is a correct statement with regard to the medical model?

A)most mental disorders cannot be classified according to symptoms
B)most mental disorders have well-defined or consistent physical causes
C)the medical model sees many disorders as incurable
D)the medical model puts too little emphasis on cultural context

Question 26

Insanity is a legal term used in situations where individuals who commit crimes:

A)have experienced hallucinations or delusions
B)fail to appreciate or understand that certain actions are legally or morally wrong
C)exhibit behaviors that are statistically and culturally deviant
D)exhibit behaviors that are emotionally distressing and dysfunctional

Question 27

Which of the following is a correct statement with regard to the medical model?

A)most mental disorders can be classified according to symptoms
B)most mental disorders have well-defined or consistent physical causes
C)the medical model sees many disorders as incurable
D)the medical model puts too much emphasis on cultural context

Question 28

The medical model of mental illness suggests that:

A)all mental illnesses have biological origins
B)all mental illnesses can be treated and cured using drug therapies
C)abnormal behavior is symptomatic of an underlying disease that can be cured with the appropriate therapy
D)the symptoms of psychological disorders will be the same across different cultures

Question 29

A jury is convinced by a woman's lawyer that when she killed her husband, she did not understand what she was doing was legally or morally wrong because she suffered from a "mental disease." The lawyer has made a convincing argument she was:

A)dysfunctional
B)deviant
C)insane
D)incompetent

Question 30

The concept that abnormal behavior is symptomatic of an underlying disease that can be cured with the appropriate therapy is an assumption of the:

A)cognitive model
B)humanistic model
C)behavioral model
D)medical model

Question 31

Jeffrey Dahmer was judged to be legally sane, even though he admitting butchering, cannibalizing, and, then having sex with the dead bodies of over a dozen young men and boys.The judgment of legal sanity meant that:

A)his actions failed to meet the criteria of statistical or cultural deviance
B)his actions failed to meet the criteria of emotional disturbance or dysfunction
C)he had recovered from his psychological disorder by the time the trial took place
D)he was able to appreciate the fact his actions were legally or morally wrong

Question 32

The term diagnostic labeling effects refers to:

A)an improvement in symptoms simply because a proper diagnosis has been made
B)the fact labeling may increase the likelihood a person will act in an abnormal way
C)an increase in availability of government research funds once proper labels are applied
D)the usefulness of labels in guiding therapists toward proper medical treatments of patients

Question 33

Ike heard voices telling him the children had put worms in his brain.He planned for weeks how he would kill them.Ike's insanity defense failed.The jury must have decided that:

A)he did not have serious psychological problems
B)he met the cultural and statistical deviance criteria but not the dysfunction or distress criteria
C)a medical problem, not a psychological problem, caused his thought disorder
D)he was capable of understanding the wrongfulness of his actions

Question 34

Criticisms of the medical model of psychological disorders include the idea that:

A)some mental disorders have no well-defined or consistent physical cause
B)the medical model sees many disorders as problems with living
C)the medical model puts too much emphasis on cultural context
D)behavioral symptoms allow reliable classification of many disorders

Question 35

A jury is unconvinced by a man's lawyer that when he killed his wife, he did not understand what he was doing was legally or morally wrong.The lawyer has failed to convince the jury the man was:

A)dysfunctional
B)deviant
C)insane
D)incompetent

Question 36

Mary Ellen is being tried for aggravated assault against her husband, who has psychologically abused her for years.Mary Ellen's lawyers have entered a plea of "not guilty by reason of insanity." To win their case, Mary Ellen's lawyers must show that Mary Ellen:

A)was justified in her actions against her husband because of his past psychological abuse
B)did not commit the aggravated assault against her husband
C)was unable to appreciate the fact her actions were legally or morally wrong at the time of the assault
D)currently has a serious psychological disorder, which has not responded to treatment

Question 37

Insanity is a:

A)psychological term
B)legal term
C)behavioral term
D)statistical term

Question 38

A person who commits a crime, but because of "mental disease" did not understand when committing the crime that the actions committed were legally or morally wrong, can be found by a jury to be:

A)dysfunctional
B)deviant
C)insane
D)incompetent

Question 39

The term diagnostic labeling effects refers to the fact labels can:

A)act as heuristics in the treatment of disorders
B)become self-fulfilling prophecies
C)act as algorithms in the treatment of disorders
D)become mental sets

Question 40

Valerie was judged to be insane, which means that she:

A)has experienced hallucinations or delusions
B)fails to appreciate or understand that certain actions are legally or morally wrong
C)exhibits behaviors that are statistically and culturally deviant
D)exhibits behaviors that are emotionally distressing and dysfunctional

Question 41

When using the DSM to diagnose a psychological disorder:

A)people are pigeonholed into a single diagnostic category
B)it is assumed only one psychological disorder can occur in the same individual
C)a person's medical history is considered unimportant
D)environmental and psychosocial problems are considered in the diagnostic process

Question 42

Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the DSM?

A)it does not suggest therapies or methods of treatment
B)it is assumed more than one psychological disorder can occur in the same individual
C)a person's medical history is not considered when making a diagnosis
D)environmental and psychosocial problems are not considered in the diagnostic process

Question 43

Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the DSM?

A)it does not suggest therapies or methods of treatment
B)it is assumed more than one psychological disorder can occur in the same individual
C)a person's medical history is considered unimportant
D)environmental and psychosocial problems are considered in the diagnostic process

Question 44

Generalized anxiety can be described as:

A)pragmatic
B)free-floating
C)realistic
D)place-bound

Question 45

When using the DSM to diagnose a psychological disorder:

A)people are rarely pigeonholed into a single diagnostic category
B)it is assumed only one psychological disorder can occur in the same individual
C)a person's medical history is considered unimportant
D)environmental and psychosocial problems are not considered

Question 46

Jerome has gone in for a psychiatric assessment.He tells the clinician that he has been hearing voices and he feels like he is losing touch with reality.The clinician would classify these abnormal behaviors using:

A)DSM
B)MMPI
C)NEO-PI
D)TAT

Question 47

Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the DSM?

A)it does not suggest therapies or methods of treatment
B)it is assumed only one psychological disorder can occur in the same individual
C)a person's medical history is considered important
D)environmental and psychosocial problems are considered in the diagnostic process

Question 48

The Rosenhan "pseudopatient" study demonstrated that diagnostic labels for psychological disorders:

A)can become self-fulfilling prophecies
B)are usually inaccurate and subjective
C)mean different things in different cultures
D)are often used to excuse criminal behavior

Question 49

Psychological disorders characterized by excessive apprehension that impairs normal functioning are classified as:

A)somatic symptom disorders
B)dissociative disorders
C)anxiety disorders
D)personality disorders

Question 50

Free-floating anxiety is typically associated with:

A)panic disorder
B)phobic disorder
C)generalized anxiety disorder
D)obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 51

A past political candidate became emotional and had tears in his eyes while talking about the difficulties of his campaign.Because he had a history of depression, this incident received more negative attention than similar behavior by other candidates without histories of depression.The different reactions to the behavior seem to be an example of:

A)dissociation
B)a diagnostic labeling effect
C)learned helplessness
D)maladaptive attributions

Question 52

Which of the following are associated with generalized anxiety disorder?

A)delusions
B)jumbled and incoherent speech
C)hallucinations
D)none of these choices

Question 53

Polly has gone in for a psychiatric assessment.She tells the clinician that she has been feeling anxious and apprehensive lately and is fearful of leaving her own home.The clinician would classify these abnormal behaviors using:

A)DSM
B)MMPI
C)NEO-PI
D)TAT

Question 54

One of the problems associated with diagnostic labels for psychological disorders is the labels:

A)are usually inaccurate and subjective
B)mean different things in different cultures
C)often bias our perceptions of the individual
D)are often used to excuse criminal behavior

Question 55

When using the DSM to diagnose a psychological disorder:

A)people are pigeonholed into a single diagnostic category
B)it is assumed only one psychological disorder can occur in the same individual
C)a person's medical history is considered to be important
D)environmental and psychosocial problems are not considered

Question 56

Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the DSM?

A)it suggests therapies or methods of treatment
B)it is assumed only one psychological disorder can occur in the same individual
C)a person's medical history is considered important
D)environmental and psychosocial problems are not considered in the diagnostic process

Question 57

When using the DSM to diagnose a psychological disorder:

A)people are pigeonholed into a single diagnostic category
B)it is assumed more than one psychological disorder can occur in the same individual
C)a person's medical history is considered unimportant
D)environmental and psychosocial problems are not considered

Question 58

Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the DSM?

A)people are pigeonholed into a single diagnostic category
B)it does not suggest therapies or methods of treatment
C)a person's medical history is considered important
D)environmental and psychosocial problems are considered in the diagnostic process

Question 59

Anxiety disorders are a class of disorders characterized by:

A)the separation of conscious awareness from previous thoughts or memories
B)excessive apprehension that impairs normal functioning
C)prolonged and disabling disruptions in emotional state
D)chronic patterns of behavior that lead to significant impairments in social functioning

Question 60

You know your roommate has a history of anorexia nervosa.When you see her eat very little at dinner and then go to work out at the gym, you see this as a sign of another anorexic episode beginning.You don't think that when other people act the same way.Your behavior is consistent with:

A)a diagnostic labeling effect
B)DSM
C)dissociation
D)the medical model approach

Question 61

Panic disorder involves:

A)excessive worrying that lasts for at least 6 months and that cannot be attributed to any single identifiable source
B)persistent and uncontrollable thoughts, accompanied by the compelling need to perform repetitive acts
C)a highly focused, irrational fear of an object or situation
D)recurrent attacks of extremely intense fear or dread

Question 62

Tanisha has brief episodes in which her heart pounds, she is short of breath, and she feels as if she is about to die.During these attacks, she feels an overwhelming sense of apprehension and dread.When Tanisha went for medical testing, the doctors could find no physical basis for her symptoms.In this case, it is likely that Tanisha would be classified as having:

A)generalized anxiety disorder
B)conversion disorder
C)schizophrenia
D)panic disorder

Question 63

Pat never seems relaxed, and she worries all the time about everything.As a result, she is finding it difficult to accomplish anything.Pat's diagnosis is likely to be:

A)obsessive-compulsive disorder
B)panic disorder
C)agoraphobia
D)generalized anxiety disorder

Question 64

Laine is so afraid of airplanes and flying that he even experiences extreme anxiety when he watches a plane in a movie take off or land.In this case, it is likely that Laine would be classified as having:

A)generalized anxiety disorder
B)obsessive-compulsive disorder
C)schizophrenia
D)phobic disorder

Question 65

Psychologists have noticed that agoraphobia is often associated with:

A)bad childhood experiences with spiders
B)having previously experienced a panic attack in public
C)early childhood sexual abuse
D)unusually "cold" parents

Question 66

Tracy rarely steps outside her own apartment.The thought of going shopping and being with a crowd of people terrifies her so much that she has her groceries delivered.Because of her excessive fear of public places, she has become a freelance writer.She works from her home and submits her stories using the Internet.In this case, it is most likely that Tracy would be classified as having:

A)claustrophobia
B)generalized anxiety disorder
C)obsessive-compulsive disorder
D)agoraphobia

Question 67

Phobic disorder involves:

A)excessive worrying that lasts for at least six months and that cannot be attributed to any single identifiable source
B)recurrent attacks of extremely intense fear or dread
C)a highly focused, irrational fear of an object or situation
D)persistent and uncontrollable thoughts, accompanied by the compelling need to perform repetitive acts

Question 68

For the past eight months, Sebastian has been worrying constantly, about everything.He has also had trouble sleeping and he is easily irritated by small things.In this case, it is likely that Sebastian would be classified as having:

A)panic disorder
B)obsessive-compulsive disorder
C)generalized anxiety disorder
D)hypochondriasis

Question 69

Which of the following is classified as an anxiety disorder by the DSM?

A)schizophrenia
B)hypochondria
C)dissociative fugue
D)phobic disorder

Question 70

Obsessions are:

A)persistent, uncontrollable thoughts and urges
B)compelling needs to perform one or more actions
C)unconscious memories of early childhood experiences
D)perceptions in the absence of appropriate sensory stimulation

Question 71

Which of the following is classified as an anxiety disorder by the DSM?

A)obsessive-compulsive disorder
B)panic disorder
C)phobic disorder
D)all of these choices

Question 72

Which of the following is classified as an anxiety disorder by the DSM?

A)schizophrenia
B)hypochondria
C)dissociative fugue
D)none of these choices

Question 73

Recurrent attacks of extremely intense fear or dread are likely to be classified as:

A)generalized anxiety disorder
B)obsessive-compulsive disorder
C)panic disorder
D)phobic disorder

Question 74

Wanda is so terrified of heights that she recently turned down a job promotion because her new office would be located on the second floor of the building where she works.In this case, it is likely that Wanda would be classified as having:

A)generalized anxiety disorder
B)obsessive-compulsive disorder
C)conversion disorder
D)phobic disorder

Question 75

Which of the following are associated with panic disorder?

A)delusions
B)jumbled and incoherent speech
C)hallucinations
D)none of these choices

Question 76

A highly focused, irrational fear of an object or situation is likely to be classified as:

A)generalized anxiety disorder
B)phobic disorder
C)panic disorder
D)obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 77

Persistent, uncontrollable thoughts and urges are called:

A)obsessions
B)compulsions
C)interjections
D)genuflections

Question 78

Several times over the past month, Sam went to the hospital because he thought he was having a heart attack.His heart would race, he suddenly would be extremely anxious, and he could hardly breathe.If the diagnosis wasn't heart attack, it probably was:

A)generalized anxiety disorder
B)dysthymic disorder
C)bipolar disorder
D)panic disorder

Question 79

Kass has experienced several recurrent attacks of overwhelming anxiety that occurred suddenly and unexpectedly.She is now concerned about being in public because she is never sure when or where she will be overcome by anxiety.In this case, Kass is displaying symptoms consistent with:

A)agoraphobia
B)claustrophobia
C)bipolar disorder
D)obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 80

The anxiety disorder that causes people to restrict their movements, so they typically avoid crowded or public places, is:

A)generalized anxiety
B)phobic disorder
C)agoraphobia
D)obsessive-compulsive disorder