Deck 11: How Muscles Function: the Big Picture

Question 1

A muscle that crosses the shoulder posteriorly with a vertical direction to its fibers has what action at the shoulder joint?

A)medial rotation
B)adduction
C)extension
D)lateral rotation

Answer 1

extension

Question 2

When a muscle contracts it creates a:

A)pulling force that attempts to pull the muscle away from its center
B)pushing force that attempts to push the muscle away from its center
C)pulling force that attempts to pull the muscle toward its center
D)pushing force that attempts to push the muscle toward its center

Answer 2

pulling force that attempts to pull the muscle toward its center

Question 3

When a muscle contracts and shortens it is called:

A)a concentric contraction
B)an eccentric contraction
C)the off-axis attachment method
D)a line of pull

Answer 3

a concentric contraction

Question 4

What can stop an attachment of a concentrically contracting muscle from moving?

A)body weight
B)a fixator muscle
C)a stabilizer muscle
D)all of these

Question 5

In naming joint motions,a muscle whose line of pull is within a(n):

A)cardinal plane has its motion broken into oblique plane components
B)oblique plane has its motion broken into cardinal plane components
C)oblique plane has its oblique plane motion named
D)cardinal and an oblique plane has its oblique plane motion named

Question 6

Which of the following can happen if a muscle contracts and successfully shortens?

A)Bone A is pulled toward bone B.
B)Bone B is pulled toward bone A.
C)Both bones A and B are pulled toward each other.
D)All of these are correct.

Question 7

Which of the following characterizes concentric muscle contraction?

A)At least one attachment must be fixed.
B)At least one attachment must be mobile.
C)Both attachments must be fixed.
D)Both attachments must be mobile.

Question 8

In the five-step approach to learning muscles,what is the first question to ask to learn the general location of a muscle?

A)What joint does the muscle cross?
B)Where does the muscle cross the joint?
C)How does the muscle cross the joint?
D)When does the muscle cross the joint?

Question 9

A muscle that crosses the elbow anteriorly has what action at the elbow joint?

A)abduction
B)flexion
C)adduction
D)supination

Question 10

Which of the following actions occurs when a person does a pull-up?

A)flexion of the arm at the shoulder joint
B)flexion of the arm at the elbow joint
C)extension of the forearm at the elbow joint
D)extension of the arm at the elbow joint

Question 11

A muscle that crosses more than one joint is considered to be:

A)uniaxial
B)a one-joint muscle
C)a polyaxial muscle
D)a multijoint muscle

Question 12

A muscle that crosses the hip laterally with a vertical direction to its fibers has what action of the thigh at the hip joint?

A)abduction
B)lateral rotation
C)flexion
D)extension

Question 13

When a muscle contracts and shortens it is acting as which of the following?

A)antagonist
B)fixator
C)mover
D)stabilizer

Question 14

Using the five-step approach to learning muscles,what is recommended as the first step?

A)Look at the direction of fibers of the muscle.
B)See what joint the muscle crosses.
C)Look at the name of the muscle for helpful information.
D)Memorize the attachments.

Question 15

If a muscle crosses a joint anteriorly,what action would it most likely have?

A)abduction
B)medial rotation
C)extension
D)flexion

Question 16

If a muscle has an oblique line of pull across a biaxial joint,what is the maximum number of axial actions it can have,not counting possible reverse actions?

A)one
B)two
C)three
D)four

Question 17

The reverse action when the brachialis contracts and shortens is flexion of the:

A)forearm at the elbow joint
B)forearm at the wrist joint
C)arm at the elbow joint
D)arm at the shoulder joint

Question 18

If a muscle crosses a joint laterally,which of the following actions would it most likely have?

A)abduction
B)adduction
C)flexion
D)extension

Question 19

If a muscle has one line of pull in a cardinal plane,how many actions will it have,not counting possible reverse actions?

A)one
B)two
C)three
D)none

Question 20

If a muscle crosses a joint posteriorly,what action would it most likely have?

A)flexion
B)protraction
C)extension
D)right lateral flexion

Question 21

Which of the following word origins means with?

A)counter
B)ecc
C)iso
D)con

Question 22

A muscle that crosses the knee posteriorly with a vertical direction to its fibers has what action at the knee joint?

A)medial rotation
B)lateral rotation
C)flexion
D)extension

Question 23

A functional group of muscles located within the sagittal plane has what actions?

A)flexion or extension
B)abduction or adduction
C)medial rotation or lateral rotation
D)right lateral flexion or left lateral flexion

Question 24

A functional group of muscles located within the frontal plane has which of the following actions?

A)flexion or extension
B)abduction or adduction
C)medial rotation or lateral rotation
D)right rotation or left rotation

Question 25

When the body is in anatomic position,a muscle is said to have what type of action?

A)anatomic
B)positional
C)fixed
D)reference

Question 26

The fact that the pectoralis major can adduct the arm at the shoulder joint when the arm is in anatomic position but abduct the arm if it is already abducted above 100 degrees is an example of the:

A)muscle being stronger above 100 degrees
B)all-or-none response law
C)changing line of pull of the muscle relative to the joint
D)sliding filament mechanism

Question 27

A functional group of muscles located within the transverse plane has which of the following actions?

A)flexion or extension
B)right rotation or left rotation
C)abduction or adduction
D)right lateral flexion or left lateral flexion

Question 28

Which of the following word origins means not moving?

A)stabilized
B)multi
C)counter
D)iso

Question 29

Which of the following word origins means many?

A)bi
B)di
C)multi
D)uni

Question 30

The off-axis method is used to determine actions in what plane?

A)sagittal
B)frontal
C)transverse
D)oblique

Question 31

A functional group of muscles located within the frontal plane generally has which of the following actions?

A)protraction or retraction
B)abduction or adduction
C)left rotation or right rotation
D)impossible to determine